Hyaluronic Acid Spacer for Hypofractionated Prostate Radiation Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT) for prostate cancer has been associated with greater acute grade 2 gastrointestinal (GI) toxic effects compared with conventionally fractionated RT.

Objective: To evaluate whether a hyaluronic acid rectal spacer could (1) improve rectal dosimetry and (2) affect acute grade 2 or higher GI toxic effects for hypofractionated RT.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This randomized clinical trial was conducted from March 2020 to June 2021 among 12 centers within the US, Australia, and Spain, with a 6-month follow-up.

Corrigendum: Incorrect Spelling of Author's Name: US Preventive Services Task Force prostate-specific antigen screening guidelines result in higher Gleason score diagnoses.

[This corrects the article on p. 423 in vol. 58.

US Preventive Services Task Force prostate-specific antigen screening guidelines result in higher Gleason score diagnoses.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact that the 2012 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening guidelines have had on the diagnosis of prostate cancer, we compared the incidence and distribution of new cases diagnosed in 2011-before the USPSTF PSA screening recommendations versus 2014 at which time the guidelines were widely adopted.

Materials And Methods: We identified all prostate biopsies performed by a large urology group practice utilizing a centralized pathology lab. We examined total biopsies performed, percentage of positive biopsies, and for those with positive biopsies examined for differences in patient age, PSA, and Gleason score.

Survivorship health information counseling for patients with prostate cancer.

Cancer survivorship has been recognized in recent years as a critical variable in the cancer care continuum. The Institute of Medicine issued a special report in 2006 addressing cancer survivorship issues. One intervention within these reports is cancer survivorship education about chronic effects following cancer treatment.

Quality of life of men treated for localized prostate cancer: outcomes at 6 and 12 months.

Goals Of Work: Treatments for early-stage prostate cancer (PCa) are highly effective; therefore, research studies that explore quality of life (QOL) issues associated with different treatments are important. The purposes of this study were to (a) examine differences among treatment groups of men treated with either radiation therapies or radical prostatectomy for PCa and (b) examine quality of life outcomes over time.

Patients And Methods: We report outcomes 6 and 12 months after 159 men began treatment for PCa with either one of two types of radiation treatment (intensity-modulated radiation therapy plus high dose rate or intensity-modulated radiation therapy plus seed implantation) or radical prostatectomy.

Exploratory factor analysis: strategies used by patients to promote health.

Strategies used by patients to promote health (SUPPH) was used to measure self-care self-efficacy in patients with cancer. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the extent to which self-efficacy theory explained the factor structure of the SUPPH and (2) to determine the relationship of demographic data with factors of the SUPPH. Subjects were diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa) and treated with either: (a) radical prostatectomy, (b) intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) + radioactive seed implantation, or (c) IMRT + high dose rate.

Prospective study of quality of life of patients receiving treatment for prostate cancer.

Background: No research was found that compared quality of life (QOL) outcomes of prostate cancer patients receiving intensity-modulated radiation therapies with prostate cancer patients receiving radical prostatectomy.

Objectives: To (a) describe differences in QOL before and after three types of treatment for prostate cancer: radical prostatectomy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy + seed implantation (permanent brachytherapy), or intensity-modulated radiation therapy + high dose rate radiotherapy (temporary brachytherapy); and (b) investigate demographic, physical, and psychosocial variables that impact QOL of men with prostate cancer.

Methods: Data were collected on three occasions: baseline (prior to treatment), 1 month, and 3 months after beginning treatment.

Prostate HDR radiation therapy: a comparative study evaluating the effectiveness of pain management with peripheral PCA vs. PCEA.

Introduction: High dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy is considered one of the most advanced treatment technologies currently available for treatment of localized prostate cancer. It gives the advantage of applying higher dose radiation, with greater precision, directly to the tumor while sparing healthy tissue and surrounding organs, thereby resulting in fewer side effects. In this facility, the treatment requires an overnight stay in the hospital, in a supine position, with a perineal template sutured to the perineum to prevent catheter movement or dislodgement.

A clinical application of an automated phantom-film QA procedure for validation of IMRT treatment planning and delivery.

To quantify the correlation between planned and delivered intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) dose distributions, IMRT plans for 37 prostate carcinoma patients were analyzed. IMRT treatment plans were converted into hybrid phantom plans using a commercially available treatment planning system and delivered to a specialized film phantom via a static-tomotherapy technique. The films were analyzed using a commercial film dosimetry system.

Quality of life of men treated with brachytherapies for prostate cancer.

Background: Most studies of men undergoing treatment for prostate cancer examine physical symptoms as predictors of Quality of Life (QOL). However, symptoms vary by treatment modality in this population, and psychosocial variables, shown to be important to QOL, have rarely been examined. Litwin noted a need for analysis of QOL data in men treated for prostate cancer with different modes of therapy, as studies focusing on specific treatments will increase the homogeneity of research findings.

Endobronchial brachytherapy and external-beam radiotherapy in patients with endobronchial obstruction and extrabronchial extension.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of high-dose rate endobronchial brachytherapy (HDR-EB) with concomitant short-course external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in patients with both endobronchial and extrabronchial tumor.

Methods And Materials: Patients with endobronchial disease and extrabronchial lesions greater than 2.5cm were treated with three 5Gy HDR-EB and 37.

Analysis of serial CT scans to assess template and catheter movement in prostate HDR brachytherapy.

Purpose: As prostate high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy becomes more prevalent, varying amounts of catheter displacement have been noted. To investigate the constancy of catheter position and its impact on dose distribution, we analyzed serial dosimetric CT scans.

Methods And Materials: The data from 50 patients were analyzed.

The effects of edema on urethral dose following palladium-103 prostate brachytherapy.

The effects of edema on urethral dose after interstitial prostate brachytherapy with palladium-103 (103Pd) were studied. Fifty patients underwent a 90-Gy 103Pd implant followed by dosimetric computed tomography (CT). Twenty-one days later, a Foley catheter was reinserted and a dosimetric CT was repeated.