Bilateral anterior corona radiata microstructure organisation relates to impaired social cognition in schizophrenia.

Objective: The Corona Radiata (CR) is a large white matter tract in the brain comprising of the anterior CR (aCR), superior CR (sCR), and posterior CR (pCR), which have associations with cognition, self-regulation, and, in schizophrenia, positive symptom severity. This study tested the hypothesis that the microstructural organisation of the aCR, as measured by Fractional Anisotropy (FA) using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), would relate to poorer social cognitive outcomes and higher positive symptom severity for people with schizophrenia, when compared to healthy participants. We further hypothesised that increased positive symptoms would relate to poorer social cognitive outcomes.

Corpus callosum microstructural organization mediates the effects of physical neglect on social cognition in schizophrenia.

Exposure to early life adversity is associated with both increased risk of developing schizophrenia and poorer performance on measures of social cognitive functioning. In this study, we examined whether interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Corpus Callosum (CC) microstructure mediated the association between childhood physical neglect and social cognition. Fifty-eight patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were included.

A 20-Year Systematic Review of the 'Reading the Mind in the Eyes' Test across Neurodegenerative Conditions.

Social cognition has a broad theoretical definition, which includes the ability to mentalise, i.e., recognise and infer mental states to explain and predict another's behaviour.

Corpus Callosum Microstructural Tract Integrity Relates to Longer Emotion Recognition Reaction Time in People with Schizophrenia.

: Schizophrenia is a complex functionally debilitating neurodevelopmental disorder, with associated social cognitive impairment. Corpus Callosum (CC) white matter tracts deficits are reported for people with schizophrenia; however, few studies focus on interhemispheric processing relative to social cognition tasks. This study aimed to determine if a relationship between the CC and social cognition exists.

Pulmonary rehabilitation versus usual care for adults with asthma.

Background: Asthma is a respiratory disease characterised by variable airflow limitation and the presence of respiratory symptoms including wheeze, chest tightness, cough and/or dyspnoea. Exercise training is beneficial for people with asthma; however, the response to conventional models of pulmonary rehabilitation is less clear.

Objectives: To evaluate, in adults with asthma, the effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation compared to usual care on exercise performance, asthma control, and quality of life (co-primary outcomes), incidence of severe asthma exacerbations/hospitalisations, mental health, muscle strength, physical activity levels, inflammatory biomarkers, and adverse events.

Community immersion project to enhance medical students understanding of the health needs of the most vulnerable in the community.

Aim: A group of eight fourth year medical students formed the 'UBMS public health crew' to conduct a community immersion project within elderly ethnic minority communities. The aim of the study was to understand their health perceptions regarding influenza vaccinations and learn about the enablers and barriers in accessing the vaccination.

Methodology: Interviews were held by the students at community lunch clubs with the help of questionnaires.

Experiences of living with Lynch Syndrome: A reflexive thematic analysis.

Purpose: Lynch Syndrome is one of the most common hereditary cancer syndromes, arising from DNA mismatch repair. Lynch Syndrome carriers are at increased lifetime risk of developing certain cancers, such as colorectal and endometrial. This increased risk can result in adverse psychological outcomes.

Pembrolizumab-induced follicular eruption and response to isotretinoin.

Pembrolizumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting PD-1. Folliculitis secondary to pembrolizumab has rarely been reported in the treatment of malignant melanoma. A 49-year-old with a history of mild lower limb folliculitis developed metastatic malignant melanoma, and immunotherapy with pembrolizumab was initiated.

Real-World Outcomes and Costs Following 6 Months of Treatment with the Long-Acting Injectable (LAI) Aripiprazole Lauroxil for the Treatment of Schizophrenia.

Background: Continuous antipsychotic therapy is recommended as part of long-term maintenance treatment of schizophrenia, and gaps in antipsychotic treatment have been associated with increased risks of relapse and rehospitalization. Because the use of long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics may reduce the likelihood of undetected medication gaps, initiating an LAI medication may affect resource utilization and costs. The LAI aripiprazole lauroxil (AL) was approved in the United States (US) in 2015 for the treatment of schizophrenia in adults.

Reactive infectious mucocutaneous eruption in children diagnosed with COVID-19.

We describe the cases of two immunocompetent children who developed mucositis with oral, ocular, and genital involvement during acute COVID-19 illness. The pattern of mucosal involvement with no other cutaneous involvement was consistent with reactive infectious mucocutaneous eruption (RIME). No other intercurrent infections or new medications were identified, suggesting that COVID-19 was causative.

Predictors of PTSD and CPTSD in UK firefighters.

: Globally, professional firefighters are often exposed to traumatic events and are at high risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. : With the publication of the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) there arose a need for research based on the new diagnostic criteria, and the associated disorder, Complex PTSD (CPTSD). : Participants were 1300 former or present firefighters from the UK.

Post-migration factors and mental health outcomes in asylum-seeking and refugee populations: a systematic review.

The present systematic review examined post-migration variables impacting upon mental health outcomes among asylum-seeking and refugee populations in Europe. It focuses on the effects of post-settlement stressors (including length of asylum process and duration of stay, residency status and social integration) and their impact upon post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression. Twenty-two studies were reviewed in this study.

Risk factors and costs associated with 30-day readmissions following alcohol-related hospitalizations in the United States from 2010 to 2015.

Patients with alcohol-related diagnoses at initial hospitalization are at high risk of 30-day readmission. Understanding risk factors for 30-day readmission among these patients may help to identify those who would benefit from efforts to reduce risk of readmission. The Nationwide Readmissions Database was used to estimate 30-day all-cause readmissions among United States patients with an alcohol-related index hospitalization and to evaluate risk factors and costs associated with these readmissions.

Pharmacokinetic study (phase I-II) of a new dobutamine formulation in preterm infants immediately after birth.

Background: Dobutamine is particularly suited to treatment of haemodynamic insufficiency caused by increased peripheral vascular resistance and myocardial dysfunction in the preterm infant. Knowledge of the elimination half-life is essential to estimate the steady state when its efficacy/safety can be evaluated.

Methods: Analysis of pharmacokinetic data in ten preterm newborns treated with a new neonatal formulation of dobutamine (IMP) after screening for haemodynamic insufficiency within the first 72 h from birth.

Functional Movement Screen Pain Location and Impact on Scoring Have Limited Value for Injury Risk Estimation in Junior Australian Football Players.

Objective: To describe the location and severity of pain during Functional Movement Screen (FMS) testing in junior Australian football players and to investigate its effect on FMS composite score and injury risk.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Methods: Junior male Australian football players (n = 439) completed preseason FMS testing.

Optimising Clinical Trial Design in Older Cancer Patients.

Cancer is predominantly a disease of older patients, with over half of those aged over 65 years of age being diagnosed with cancer at some stage. Despite comprising a significant proportion of the patients that we see in clinical practice, there is a lack of representation of older patients in cancer clinical trials. This is mainly due to restrictive trial inclusion criteria that prevent older patients from participating.

Training the next generation of psychotraumatologists: COllaborative Network for Training and EXcellence in psychoTraumatology (CONTEXT).

In this paper we present a description of the Horizon2020, Marie Skłodowska-Curie Action funded, research and training programme CONTEXT: COllaborative Network for Training and EXcellence in psychoTraumatology. The three objectives of the programme are put forward, each of which refers to a key component of the CONTEXT programme. First, we summarize the 12 individual research projects that will take place across three priority populations: (i) refugees and asylum seekers, (ii) first responders, and (iii) perpetrators and survivors of childhood and gender-based violence.

Asymmetry during Functional Movement Screening and injury risk in junior football players: A replication study.

An indicator of movement quality and potential injury risk during Functional Movement Screen (FMS) testing is the presence of asymmetry when comparing the left and right sides of the body. The aim of the study was to investigate the reproducibility of the injury risk model proposed in our previous research (Chalmers et al. 2017; derivation study) that showed an increased injury risk for elite junior Australian football players demonstrating ≥2 asymmetrical FMS subtests.

Asymmetry during preseason Functional Movement Screen testing is associated with injury during a junior Australian football season.

Objectives: The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) is a popular screening tool, however, the postulated relationship between prospective injury and FMS scoring remains sparsely explored in adolescent athletes. The aim of the study was to examine the association between pre-season FMS scores and injuries sustained during one regular season competition in elite adolescent Australian football players.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

High prevalence of dysfunctional, asymmetrical, and painful movement in elite junior Australian Football players assessed using the Functional Movement Screen.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of dysfunctional, asymmetrical, and painful movement in junior Australian Football players using the Functional Movement Screen (FMS).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Elite junior male Australian Football players (n=301) aged 15-18 years completed pre-season FMS testing.

Lentigo maligna mimicking invasive melanoma in Mohs surgery: a case report.

Lentigo maligna is a lentiginous proliferation of atypical melanocytes confined to the epidermis, typically on chronically sun-damaged skin. Following biopsy and exclusion of invasive disease, therapy may involve Mohs surgery, topical treatment or radiotherapy. However, lentigo maligna often involves adnexal structures, creating histological difficulty in distinguishing these foci from invasive melanoma.