Iron absorption from the whole diet. Relation to meal composition, iron requirements and iron stores.

Objective: To validate a new method of measuring iron absorption from the whole diet over several days, to compare iron absorption from two types of diets and to relate iron absorption to iron requirements and iron stores.

Design: Iron absorption from two diets was studied in 21 healthy young women. All non-haem iron in all meals was labelled to the same specific activity with an extrinsic radio-labelled iron tracer.

Long-term treatment effects in children with ectopic eruption of the maxillary first permanent molars.

Forty-five out of forty-six children with irreversible ectopic eruption of at least one of the maxillary first permanent molars and treated with cervical headgear could be reached for a 10-year follow-up. The mean age at the start of treatment was 8.3 years (range 6.

Discriminant analysis in treatment evaluation of ectopic eruption of the maxillary first permanent molars.

The value of an analytical routine which could be used in the evaluation of clinical studies was assessed. Stepwise discriminant analysis with stepwise selection/elimination was used to reduce the amount of data without losing information before further analyses with canonical discriminant analysis. The purpose of canonical discriminant analysis was to reveal interactions between factors associated with the ectopic eruption of the first permanent molars.

Iron absorption from the whole diet: comparison of the effect of two different distributions of daily calcium intake.

The possibility of reducing calcium inhibition of iron absorption by decreasing calcium intake in lunch and dinner meals, which provided the most dietary iron, was examined in 21 healthy female volunteers. During a 10-d period, nonheme iron in all meals was extrinsically labeled with radioisotopic iron to a uniform specific activity. Iron absorption from two identical 10-d periods was compared when meals were labeled with two different iron radioisotopes and when the same amount of calcium (937 mg) was distributed in two ways, in either mainly breakfast and late evening meals or more evenly in all meals.

Duration of the inhibitory effect of calcium on non-haem iron absorption in man.

We investigated the duration of the inhibitory effect of calcium from milk and cheese (340 mg) in a breakfast meal on non-haem iron absorption from a hamburger meal eaten 2 or 4 h after the breakfast. The effect of calcium on iron absorption was studied in 21 human subjects by using paired observations and a dual-radioisotope method (55Fe and 59Fe). No duration effect of calcium on iron absorption was observed in this study.

Inhibition of haem-iron absorption in man by calcium.

The inhibiting effect of Ca on non-haem-Fe absorption is well established. Present studies showed that Ca inhibited haem-Fe absorption to the same extent when the same amount of Ca (165 mg Ca as CaCl2) was added to a meal. Attempts were made to examine the mechanism for this inhibition in the present studies.

Bioavailability in man of iron in human milk and cow's milk in relation to their calcium contents.

Iron absorption from human milk and cow's milk was compared in the same subjects using two radio-iron tracers and extrinsic labeling of the iron. Previously observed higher iron absorption from human milk was confirmed as 19.5 +/- 17.

Calcium and iron absorption: mechanism of action and nutritional importance.

We investigated the inhibitory effect of calcium on iron absorption in 57 human subjects. Three studies suggested that the effect is not located in the gastrointestinal tract. The presence of phytate in a meal and formation of calcium-iron-phytate complexes is not a prerequisite for the inhibition.

Iron absorption from bread in humans: inhibiting effects of cereal fiber, phytate and inositol phosphates with different numbers of phosphate groups.

Iron absorption was measured from five kinds of bread made from various types of flour and fermented in different ways in order to obtain a wide variation in the content of fiber, phytate (inositol hexaphosphate) and its degradation products, inorganic phosphate and inositol phosphates with fewer numbers of phosphate groups (inositol pentaphosphate through monophosphate). Each experiment had 9-10 subjects and, in each subject, iron absorption was measured from control rolls made from low extraction wheat flour and one kind of test roll using two different radioiron tracers: 55Fe and 59Fe. The inhibition of iron absorption was closely related to the content of phytate-phosphorous as determined using the AOAC method, and to the sum of the tri- through hexaphosphate groups as determined using the HPLC method.

Caries-preventive effect of dentifrices containing various types and concentrations of fluorides and sugar alcohols.

The caries-inhibiting effect of unsupervised daily use of four different toothpastes was compared in a 3-year clinical and microbiological study: (1) 0.8% sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) with 3% xylitol and 6% sorbitol; (2) 0.03% sodium fluoride with 3% xylitol and 6% sorbitol; (3) 0.

Caries-inhibiting effects of different modes of Duraphat varnish reapplication: a 3-year radiographic study.

One hundred and sixty 11-year-olds were randomly allocated to two experimental groups, one test (group 1) and one control group (group 2), for a 3-year clinical test comparing different modes of fluoride varnish treatment. In the test group, children received Duraphat varnish treatments 3 times a week, once a year. The children in group 2 were treated with Duraphat every 6 months.

Inhibitory effect of oat products on non-haem iron absorption in man.

Oat products are increasingly used in human nutrition due to the rather high content of soluble fibre. Oat products, however, have a high content of phytate which may interfere with the absorption of non-haem iron. The iron balance situation is critical in several groups, especially in children, teenagers and women in their fertile years.

Overbite and overjet correction in a Class II, division 1 sample treated with Edgewise therapy.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of overjet and overbite correction in non-extraction and extraction therapy in a sample of Class II malocclusions treated with the Edgewise appliance. The subjects were 20 children treated without extraction and 20 children treated with extraction of the four first premolars. During the post-treatment period a relapse of overjet and overbite occurred in both groups.

Oral status and estimated treatment need in Swedish air force conscripts.

The oral status of a platoon of 53 air-force conscripts was investigated. Interviews on regularity of dental care, diet and oral hygiene habits were included. The estimated treatment need was analysed in terms of time required for treatment by dentist or auxiliaries, i.

Fluoride clearance of whole saliva in young school children after topical application.

The importance of fluoride in the saliva after topical F-application has been a matter of discussion in recent years. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine the elevation and clearance of fluoride in whole saliva in 24 seven-year-old children, 5, 30 and 120 minutes after the following topical fluoride treatments. Exp.

Kinetics of fluorine in deciduous enamel after application of fluoride-containing varnish (Duraphat). II. A statistical approach to the design and evaluation of a clinical experiment.

The aim of this report is to discuss the design and technique for evaluation of an in vivo experiment on the kinetics of fluorine in deciduous enamel after application of fluorine-containing varnish (Duraphat). The analysis of variance technique used in the analysis of the results of the experiments is described in more detail than in the preceding report. The figure technique used in this report series is described.

Kinetics of fluorine in deciduous enamel after application of fluoride-containing varnish (Duraphat).

The fluorine concentration in tooth enamel was determined in vivo after one single application of Duraphat fluoride varnish from 24 hours up to six months after treatment. A micro-acid-drop technique was used in 68 clinically intact deciduous upper central incisors in 34 pre-school children 4-5 years of age to determined the fluoride concentration in the enamel. The experimental data from the biopsy procedures were analysed by means of analysis of variance.