Netupitant Exhibits Potent Activity on Persisters.

In (Mtb), persisters are genotypically drug-sensitive bacteria that nonetheless survive antibiotic treatment. Persisters represent a significant challenge to shortening TB treatment and preventing relapse, underscoring the need for new therapeutic strategies. In this study, we screened 2,336 FDA-approved compounds to identify agents that enhance the sterilizing activity of standard anti-TB drugs and prevent the regrowth of persisters.

LGBQ-affirming clinical recommendations for compulsive sexual behavior disorder.

Background And Aims: Since the inclusion of Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) in the International Classification of Diseases (11th ed.), there has been little effort placed into developing clinical recommendations for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ) clients with this condition. Thus, we develop preliminary clinical recommendations for mental health professionals working with LGBQ clients who may be struggling with CSBD.

screening for toxicity-modulating drug interactions identifies antagonism that protects against ototoxicity in zebrafish.

Ototoxicity is a debilitating side effect of over 150 medications with diverse mechanisms of action, many of which could be taken concurrently to treat multiple conditions. Approaches for preclinical evaluation of drug-drug interactions that might impact ototoxicity would facilitate design of safer multi-drug regimens and mitigate unsafe polypharmacy by flagging combinations that potentially cause adverse interactions for monitoring. They may also identify protective agents that antagonize ototoxic injury.

Hyperglycemic Stress Induces Expression, Degradation, and Nuclear Association of Rho GDP Dissociation Inhibitor 2 (RhoGDIβ) in Pancreatic β-Cells.

Small G proteins (e.g., Rac1) play critical regulatory roles in islet β-cell function in health (physiological insulin secretion) and in metabolic stress (cell dysfunction and demise).

Novel regulatory roles of small G protein GDP dissociation stimulator (smgGDS) in insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells.

Emerging evidence implicates novel roles for small G protein GDP dissociation stimulator (smgGDS) in G protein activation and subsequent targeting to relevant subcellular compartments for effector regulation. Given the well-established roles of small G proteins in insulin secretion, we undertook this investigation to determine the putative roles of smgGDS in insulin secretion. Immunoblotting studies revealed that both splice variants of smgGDS are expressed in human islets, rat islets and INS-1 832/13 cells.

screening for toxicity-modulating drug interactions identifies antagonism that protects against ototoxicity in zebrafish.

Ototoxicity is a debilitating side effect of over 150 medications with diverse mechanisms of action, many of which could be taken concurrently to treat multiple conditions. Approaches for preclinical evaluation of drug interactions that might impact ototoxicity would facilitate design of safer multi-drug regimens and mitigate unsafe polypharmacy by flagging combinations that potentially cause adverse interactions for monitoring. They may also identify protective agents that antagonize ototoxic injury.

Regulatory Roles of Histone Deacetylation in Metabolic Stress-Induced Expression of Caspase Recruitment Domain-Containing Protein 9 (CARD9) in Pancreatic β-Cells.

CARD9, a scaffolding protein, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, including obesity and diabetes. We recently reported novel roles for CARD9 in islet β-cell dysregulation under duress of gluco (HG)- and glucolipotoxic (GLT) stress. CARD9 expression was also increased in β-cells following exposure to HG and GLT stress.

Identifying Relationships Between Difficulties with Emotion Regulation and Compulsive Sexual Behavior.

Emotion dysregulation is an associated feature of compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD), now recognized by the World Health Organization. Previous studies have identified associations between trait emotion dysregulation and CSBD. Given that difficulties with emotion regulation (DERS) is comprised of several facets (e.

Perception, performance, and detectability of conversational artificial intelligence across 32 university courses.

The emergence of large language models has led to the development of powerful tools such as ChatGPT that can produce text indistinguishable from human-generated work. With the increasing accessibility of such technology, students across the globe may utilize it to help with their school work-a possibility that has sparked ample discussion on the integrity of student evaluation processes in the age of artificial intelligence (AI). To date, it is unclear how such tools perform compared to students on university-level courses across various disciplines.

Access to healthcare among sexual and gender minority youth at risk for HIV: barriers and experiences of discrimination.

This study examined experiences of healthcare inaccessibility and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, plus (LGBTQ+) discrimination among sexual and gender minority youth at elevated risk for HIV in the United States. Participants for this cross-sectional survey study (= 3330) were cisgender men, transgender men and women, and nonbinary individuals ages 18-34 recruited for a larger study examining HIV risk behavior between December 2017 and December 2019. Results indicated that 41.

Assessing compulsive sexual behavior disorder: The development and international validation of the compulsive sexual behavior disorder-diagnostic inventory (CSBD-DI).

Background And Aims: The World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) includes Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD), a new diagnosis that is both controversial and groundbreaking, as it is the first diagnosis to codify a disorder related to excessive, compulsive, and out-of-control sexual behavior. The inclusion of this novel diagnosis demonstrates a clear need for valid assessments of this disorder that may be quickly administered in both clinical and research settings.

Design: The present work details the development of the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Diagnostic Inventory (CSBD-DI) across seven samples, four languages, and five countries.

The Relationship between Compulsive Sexual Behavior, Religiosity, and Moral Disapproval.

Compulsive sexual behavior (CSB) is associated with religiosity and moral disapproval for sexual behaviors, and religiosity and moral disapproval are often used interchangeably in understanding moral incongruence. The present study expands prior research by examining relationships between several religious orientations and CSB and testing how moral disapproval contributes to these relationships via mediation analysis. Results indicated that religious orientations reflecting commitment to beliefs and rigidity in adhering to beliefs predicted greater CSB.

Hyperglycemic Conditions Promote Rac1-Mediated Serine536 Phosphorylation of p65 Subunit of NFκB (RelA) in Pancreatic Beta Cells.

Background/aims: We recently reported increased phosphorylation (at S536) of the p65 subunit of NFκB (Rel A) in pancreatic beta (INS-1 832/13) cells following exposure to hyperglycemic (HG) conditions. We also demonstrated that HG-induced S536 phosphorylation of p65 is downstream to the regulatory effects of CARD9 since deletion of CARD9 expression significantly attenuated HG-induced S536 phosphorylation of p65 in beta cells. The overall objective of the current investigation is to identify putative mechanisms underlying HG-induced phosphorylation of p65 in islet beta cells following exposure to HG conditions.

Experiences of Online Racialized Sexual Discrimination among Sexual and Gender Minorities in the United States: Online Survey Data from Keeping It LITE.

This study sought to analyze prevalence and correlates of online racialized sexual discrimination (RSD), or sexualized discriminatory treatment, in the context of sexualized encounters, among cisgender men and transgender individuals who have sex with men at risk for HIV. Data were collected as part of a baseline survey from a large national sample ( = 2,166). Among participants of color ( = 1,042), 84.

Trends in Utilization of Electronic Consultations Associated With Patient Payer and Language Among US Academic Medical Centers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Importance: Electronic consultations (eConsultations) are increasingly used to obtain specialist guidance, avoiding unnecessary face-to-face patient visits for certain clinical questions. During the COVID-19 pandemic, when in-person care was limited, eConsultations may have helped clinicians obtain specialist input to guide patient care.

Objective: To understand how the use of eConsultations changed during the COVID-19 pandemic and whether trends in eConsultation utilization differed based on patient's payer and primary language.

Assessment of compulsive sexual behavior disorder among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer clients •

Numerous debates surround the recent inclusion of compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) in the International Classification of Diseases (11th ed.), such as the appropriate classification of this construct and what symptom criteria best capture this syndrome. Although controversy surrounding CSBD abounds, there is general agreement that researchers should examine this syndrome in diverse groups, such as lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender populations.

The Relationship between Boredom Proneness, Attachment Styles and Compulsive Sexual Behavior.

Affect regulation is associated with compulsive sexual behavior (CSB) despite ongoing debate about its inclusion in diagnostic criteria. Previous studies on two specific affect regulation constructs - boredom proneness and attachment styles - suggest that affect regulation is associated with CSB. We tested a moderation model of the effects of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance on the relationship between boredom proneness and CSB.

"Sex Seems Less Important When You Are Worried About a Deadly Virus." A Content Analysis of Reported Reasons for Changes in Sexual Behavior and Satisfaction During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The purpose of this study is to assess how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted various sexual behaviors and levels of sexual and relationship satisfaction by performing a content analysis of participants' (N = 1051 American adults) responses to open-ended survey questions. Results revealed a variety of impacts that increased, decreased, or otherwise qualitatively changed sexual behavior and satisfaction. Major themes included emotions and mental health, changes in routines, social distancing and fears related to COVID-19, and changes in romantic relationships.

Compulsive sexual behavior, religiosity, and spirituality: A systematic review.

Background And Aims: In recent years, increasing attention has been given to the relationship between compulsive sexual behavior (CSB), religiosity, and spirituality. This review summarizes research examining the relationship CSB has with religiosity and spirituality, clarifying how these constructs inform the assessment and treatment of this syndrome.

Methods: The present paper reviews research published through August 1, 2021, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Underappreciated roles for Rho GDP dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs) in cell function: Lessons learned from the pancreatic islet β-cell.

Rho subfamily of G proteins (e.g., Rac1) have been implicated in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from the pancreatic β-cell.

Molecular characteristics of proteins within the mitochondrial Fe-S cluster assembly complex.

Iron-Sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are essential for life, as they are widely utilized in nearly every biochemical pathway. When bound to proteins, Fe-S clusters assist in catalysis, signal recognition, and energy transfer events, as well as additional cellular pathways including cellular respiration and DNA repair and replication. In Eukaryotes, Fe-S clusters are produced through coordinated activity by mitochondrial Iron-Sulfur Cluster (ISC) assembly pathway proteins through direct assembly, or through the production of the activated sulfur substrate used by the Cytosolic Iron-Sulfur Cluster Assembly (CIA) pathway.