The prevalence and burden of musculoskeletal disorders amongst Indigenous people in Pimicikamak, northern Manitoba, Canada: A community health survey.

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of spine symptoms and spine disability, self-care and care seeking behaviors in a random sample of Indigenous adults residing in Cross Lake, northern Manitoba, Canada.

Study Design And Setting: Orally administered survey in Cree or English to a representative sample of Pimicikamak citizens from the treaty ( = 150/1931 houses) and non-treaty ( = 20/92 houses) land, between May and July 2023. Questions ( = 154) were derived from the 2018 First Nations Regional Health Survey, 2020 Canadian Community Health Survey, and 2021 The Global Burden of Disease study, covering demographics, spine symptoms, chronic conditions, activity limitations, general health, self-care, medication, and satisfaction with care.

Auditory Cues and Feedback in the Serial Reaction Time Task: Evidence for Sequence Acquisition and Sensory Transfer.

The present experiment used the Serial Reaction Time Task(SRTT) to investigate if auditory cueing or feedback in the form of spatially compatible tones benefited sequence learning similarly. Fifty-three neurotypical adults (18-35 years; 32 cis-females; 21 cis-males) were randomly assigned to three groups in which they practiced a visual SRTT: Group AC was supplemented with auditory cues; group AF received auditory feedback; group NS performed without sound. Retention and transfer tests (i.

Exploring the Unmet Needs of Teachers of Young Children with ADHD Symptoms: A Qualitative Study.

Background/objectives: Children with Attention and Hyperactivity Deficit Disorder (ADHD) and those at risk of ADHD typically exhibit challenging behaviours that may disrupt the classroom environment and be frustrating for teachers. This study aimed to explore teachers' experiences and emotions regarding teaching children with high levels of ADHD symptoms and their perceptions of what might help to meet their unmet support needs.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 primary educational practitioners for children aged between four and eight years in the UK.

Views and perspectives toward implementing the Global Spine Care Initiative (GSCI) model of care, and related spine care program by the people in Cross Lake, Northern Manitoba, Canada: a qualitative study using the Theoretical Domain Framework (TDF).

Background: Back pain is very common and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Due to health care system inequalities, Indigenous communities have a disproportionately higher prevalence of injury and acute and chronic diseases compared to the general Canadian population. Indigenous communities, particularly in northern Canada, have limited access to evidence-based spine care.

Feasibility of whole-body MRI for cancer screening in children and young people with ataxia telangiectasia: A mixed methods cross-sectional study.

Background/objectives: Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is an inherited multisystem disorder with increased sensitivity to ionising radiation and elevated cancer risk. Although other cancer predisposition syndromes have established cancer screening protocols, evidence-based guidelines for cancer screening in A-T are lacking. This study sought to assess feasibility of a cancer screening protocol based on whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) in children and young people with A-T.

Process evaluation of a Structured E-parenting Support (STEPS) in the OPTIMA randomised controlled trial: a protocol.

Introduction: (STEPS) is a digital application (app) designed to help parents manage behaviour of their children who are referred to mental health services and are waiting for an assessment or treatment. STEPS is currently being evaluated in the Online Parent Training for the Initial Management of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder randomised controlled trial. Alongside the examination of STEPS' clinical and cost-effectiveness, we are conducting a process evaluation to better understand the contextual factors that may influence study outcomes.

Immediate effects of myofascial release to the pectoral fascia on posture, range of motion, and muscle excitation: a crossover randomized clinical trial.

Context: Forward shoulder posture (FSP) is a risk factor for shoulder pathology. Manual therapists often use myofascial release (MFR) to elongate restricted pectoral fascia to reduce FSP and improve shoulder function; however, the effects of this treatment approach remain anecdotal.

Objective: Determine the acute effects of 4-min of MFR, compared to a soft-touch control (CON), to the pectoral fascia on: 1) FSP, 2) shoulder horizontal abduction ROM (HA-ROM), and 3) muscle excitation of the trapezius (upper, middle, lower [UT, MT, LT]) and pectoralis major (PEC).

Implementing internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (moodgym) for African students with symptoms of low mood during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative feasibilty study.

Background: Online therapies have been shown to be effective in improving students' mental health. They are cost-effective and therefore have particular advantages in low-income countries like Zambia where mental health resources are limited. This study aimed to explore the perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the feasibility of implementing an Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (iCBT) intervention ('moodgym') to improve resilience in vulnerable Zambian students.

Müller-Lyer Illusion susceptibility is conditionally predicted by autistic trait expression.

Müller-Lyer (ML) figures bias size estimation consistently, yet different methods can lead to different degrees of illusory bias. Autistic individuals may also be less likely to perceive illusory biases with varying levels of autistic trait expression proposed to modulate reported illusory biases. The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) and Systemizing Quotient (SQ) are self-report measures that quantify autistic trait expression and systemizing ability in neurotypical individuals.

Online remote behavioural intervention for tics in 9- to 17-year-olds: the ORBIT RCT with embedded process and economic evaluation.

Background: Behavioural therapy for tics is difficult to access, and little is known about its effectiveness when delivered online.

Objective: To investigate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of an online-delivered, therapist- and parent-supported therapy for young people with tic disorders.

Design: Single-blind, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial, with 3-month (primary end point) and 6-month post-randomisation follow-up.

Dual muscle tendon vibration does not impede performance of a goal-directed aiming task.

Aims: Application of muscle-tendon vibration within the frequency range of 70-120Hz has been studied as a tool to stimulate somatosensory afferents with both the goal of studying human sensorimotor control and of improving post-stroke motor performance. Specific to applications for rehabilitation, current evidence is mixed as to whether dual muscle-tendon vibration is detrimental to the performance of goal-directed upper-limb movements. The current study aimed to determine the effects of muscle-tendon vibration over the wrist flexors and extensors (dual vibration) on performance of a computer goal-directed aiming task.

Optimizing Movement Performance with Altered Sensation: An Examination of Multisensory Inputs.

Two experiments were conducted to assess the impact of induced paresthesia on movement parameters of goal-directed aiming movements to determine how visual and auditory feedback may enhance performance when somatosensory feedback is disrupted. In both experiments, neurotypical adults performed the goal-directed aiming task in four conditions: (i) paresthesia-full vision; (ii) paresthesia-no vision; (iii) no paresthesia-full vision; (iv) no paresthesia-no vision. Targets appeared on a computer screen, vision was obscured using visual occlusion spectacles, and paresthesia was induced with a constant current stimulator.

Remote Recruitment Strategy and Structured E-Parenting Support (STEPS) App: Feasibility and Usability Study.

Background: The Structured E-Parenting Support (STEPS) app provides support for parents of children with elevated hyperactivity, impulsivity, inattention, and conduct problems who are awaiting clinical assessment. STEPS will be evaluated in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) within the Online Parent Training for the Initial Management of ADHD Referrals (OPTIMA) research program in the United Kingdom. Phase 1 of the OPTIMA tested the feasibility of participants' recruitment and the app's usability.

A violation of Fitts' Law occurs when a target range is presented before and during movement.

According to Fitts' Law, the time to reach a target (movement time, MT) increases with distance. A violation of Fitts' Law occurs when target positions are outlined before and during movement, as MTs are not different when reaching to the farthest and penultimate targets. One hypothesis posits that performers cognitively process the edges of a target array before the center, allowing for corrective movements to be completed more quickly when moving to edge targets compared to middle targets.

A Violation of Fitts' Law is Maintained in Ecologically Valid Settings.

A 'violation' of Fitts' Law, or Fitts' Equation, occurs when each potential target location is outlined before and during a reaching movement. Past studies have measured the violation in highly controlled laboratory environments, limiting the generalizability of findings. The purpose of the study was to replicate the violation of Fitts' Equation in the homes of participants using a novel portable apparatus during the COVID-19 pandemic.

A synthesis of the characteristics of dance interventions engaging adults with neurodevelopmental disabilities: a scoping review.

Purpose: Dance can encourage physical activity and promote physical, cognitive, and social development for adults who have neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD). Dance is defined as a form of expression that may be structured, exploratory, and/or cultural. Current literature supports the benefits of participation in dance for persons with NDD, however less is known about what characteristics support participation in dance.

Development of cancer surveillance guidelines in ataxia telangiectasia: A Delphi-based consensus survey of international experts.

Background/objectives: Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is a multiorgan disorder with increased vulnerability to cancer. Despite this increased cancer risk, there are no widely accepted guidelines for cancer surveillance in people affected by A-T. We aimed to understand the current international practice regarding cancer surveillance in A-T and agreed-upon approaches to develop cancer surveillance in A-T.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies exploring prevalence of non-specific anxiety in undergraduate university students.

Background: Anxiety is a common mental health problem in the general population, and is associated with functional impairment and negative impacts upon quality of life. There has been increased concern about university students' mental health in recent years, with a wide range of non-specific anxiety rates reported worldwide in undergraduate university students. We aimed to explore prevalence of non-specific anxiety in undergraduate university student populations.

Whole-body MRI for cancer surveillance in ataxia-telangiectasia: A qualitative study of the perspectives of people affected by A-T and their families.

Background/objectives: Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a complex inherited disease associated with an increased risk of malignancy. Surveillance guidelines have demonstrated significant health benefits in other cancer predisposition syndromes. However, evidence-based guidelines for cancer screening are not currently used in the United Kingdom for people affected by A-T.

Source Localization of Somatosensory Neural Generators in Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, where differences are often present relating to the performance of motor skills. Our previous work elucidated unique event-related potential patterns of neural activity in those with ADHD when performing visuomotor and force-matching motor paradigms. The purpose of the current study was to identify whether there were unique neural sources related to somatosensory function and motor performance in those with ADHD.

Corticospinal and spinal excitability during peripheral or central cooling in humans.

Cold exposure can impair fine and gross motor control and threaten survival. Most motor task decrement is due to peripheral neuromuscular factors. Less is known about cooling on central neural factors.

Factors influencing COVID-19 health protective behaviours in Zambian university students with symptoms of low mood.

Background: Health protective behaviours are crucial in the prevention of the spread of COVID-19, particularly in university students who typically live and study in large groups. Depression and anxiety are common in students and can impact young people's motivations to follow health advice. The study aims to assess the relationship between mental health and COVID-19 health-protective behaviours in Zambian university students with symptoms of low mood.

Sensorimotor integration and motor learning during a novel force-matching task in young adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Introduction: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that exhibits unique neurological and behavioral characteristics. Those with ADHD often have noted impairments in motor performance and coordination, including during tasks that require force modulation. The present study provides insight into the role of altered neural processing and SMI in response to a motor learning paradigm requiring force modulation and proprioception, that previous literature has suggested to be altered in those with ADHD, which can also inform our understanding of the neurophysiology underlying sensorimotor integration (SMI) in the general population.

Long-term clinical and cost-effectiveness of a therapist-supported online remote behavioural intervention for tics in children and adolescents: extended 12- and 18-month follow-up of a single-blind randomised controlled trial.

Background: Little is known about the long-term effectiveness of behavioural therapy for tics. We aimed to assess the long-term clinical and cost-effectiveness of online therapist-supported exposure and response prevention (ERP) therapy for tics 12 and 18 months after treatment initiation.

Methods: ORBIT (online remote behavioural intervention for tics) was a two-arm (1:1 ratio), superiority, single-blind, multicentre randomised controlled trial comparing online ERP for tics with online psychoeducation.