Physical Capacities and Combat Performance Characteristics of Male and Female Olympic Boxers.

: The study characterized the anthropometrical and cardiorespiratory profile, and the cardiorespiratory, bio-chemical and immunological responses to 3 × 3 min round (R) free-contact/combat boxing simulation, in elite Olympic Boxers (4 female and 10 male). : The evaluation consisted of resting metabolic rate, anthropometric measurement, maximal graded test exercise (visit 1), free combat simulation (3 × 3 min R, 1 minute rest), and blood samples collected before, during and after the combat (visit 2). : Respectively, females and males had (mean±SD; or median: for non-parametric data) body fat percentage (17.

Back to Where It Was First Described: Vectors of Sylvatic Yellow Fever Transmission in the 2017 Outbreak in Espírito Santo, Brazil.

Evidence of sylvatic yellow fever was first reported in Atlantic Forest areas in Espírito Santo, Brazil, during a yellow fever virus (YFV) outbreak in 1931. An entomological survey was conducted in six forest sites during and after an outbreak reported ~80 years after the last case in the area. Among 10,658 mosquitoes of 78 species, and / were considered the main vectors as they had a relatively high abundance, co-occurred in essentially all areas, and showed high YFV infection rates.

Redescription of Wyeomyia (Decamyia) felicia (Dyar amp; Nez Tovar, 1927) and description of a new species of the subgenus from Trinidad (Diptera: Culicidae).

Mosquito species of the subgenus Decamyia Dyar, 1919 of genus Wyeomyia Theobald, 1901 are known to have immature stages mostly associated with Heliconia plants. Currently, the subgenus includes five species, some of which are poorly characterized. Here, we redescribe and illustrate the larval, pupal and adult life stages of Wy.

Creatine and creatinine quantification in olympic athletes: dried blood spot analysis pilot study.

Capillary dried blood spot (DBS) samples facilitate field-based collection without venipuncture. This pilot study aims to evaluate the viability of creatine (Cr) and creatinine (Crt) quantification using fresh capillary serum (Cr/Crt) and DBS samples (Cr/Crt), using Flow Injection Analysis Mass Spectrometry (FIA - MS). Nine Olympic Athletes provided a capillary blood sample to assess Cr/Crt and Cr/Crt quantified by FIA - MS.

New Predictive Resting Metabolic Rate Equations for High-Level Athletes: A Cross-Validation Study.

Purpose: The present study aims a) to assess the agreement between the measured resting metabolic rate (RMR) using indirect calorimetry and different predictive equations (predicted RMR), and b) to propose and cross-validate two new predictive equations for estimating the RMR in high-level athletes.

Methods: The RMR of 102 athletes (44 women) was assessed using indirect calorimetry, whereas the body composition was assessed using skinfolds. Comparisons between measured and predicted RMR values were performed using one-way ANOVA.

New Predictive Resting Metabolic Rate Equations for High-Level Athletes: A Cross-validation Study.

Purpose: The present study aims a) to assess the agreement between the measured resting metabolic rate (RMR) using indirect calorimetry and different predictive equations (predicted RMR), and b) to propose and cross-validate two new predictive equations for estimating the RMR in high-level athletes.

Methods: The RMR of 102 athletes (44 women) was assessed using indirect calorimetry, while the body composition was assessed using skinfolds. Comparisons between measured and predicted RMR values were performed using one-way ANOVA.

Maximal and Submaximal Cardiorespiratory Responses to a Novel Graded Karate Test.

The present study aimed to propose and assess the physiological responses of a novel graded karate test. Ten male national-level karate athletes (age 26 ± 5 yrs; body mass 69.5 ± 11.

Biomarkers of Renal Injury in Cirrhosis: Association with Acute Kidney Injury and Recovery after Liver Transplantation.

Background: To define urine or serum biomarkers in predicting renal function recovery after liver transplantation (LT).

Methods: Adults listed for LT (February 2011-July 2014) and with modified diet for renal disease-6 (MDRD-6) <60 mL/min provided urine/blood samples at baseline and serially until LT for biomarkers in serum (pg/mL) and urine (pg/mg creatinine).

Results: Of 271 LT listed patients (mean age 57 years, 63% males, median listing MELD 17.

KNEE SYNERGISM DURING GAIT REMAIN ALTERED ONE YEAR AFTER ACL RECONSTRUCTION.

Objective: To compare the activation of the vastus lateralis (VL) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles during gait, as well VL/BF muscular co-contraction (MCC) between healthy (CG) and anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed (ACL-R) subjects.

Methods: Nineteen subjects, ten controls and nine ACL-R patients had a VL and BF electromyogram (EMG) captured to calculate the MCC ratio. A Principal Component (PC) Analysis was applied to reduce the dimensionality effect of each of the MCC, VL and BF curves for both healthy and ACL reconstructed groups.

USE OF SPATIOTEMPORAL GAIT PARAMETERS TO DETERMINE RETURN TO SPORTS AFTER ACL RECONSTRUCTION.

Objective: : To compare gait spatiotemporal parameters of healthy and ACL reconstructed subjects in order to classify the status of gait normality.

Methods: : Fourteen healthy subjects and eight patients submitted to ACL reconstruction walked along a walkway while the lower limbs movement was captured by an infrared camera system. The frames where the initial contact and toe-off took place were determined and the following dependent variables, which were compared between groups through the Mann-Whitney test (a=0.

Are fish paratenic natural hosts of the caiman haemoparasite Hepatozoon caimani?

The susceptibility of two fish and four mosquito species to the Caiman yacare haemoparasite Hepatozoon caimani was experimentally investigated. Mosquitoes belonging to four species (Aedes fluviatilis, Aedes albopictus, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus) were blood-fed on two naturally infected C. yacare from the Central-West Region of Brazil that exhibited distinct levels of parasitaemia: caimans A (11.

Reducing cross terms effects in the Choi-Williams transform of mioelectric signals.

This study aims at investigating the effect of removing the negative values of Choi-Wiliams distribution (CWD) related to the electromyogram (EMG) for visualization and instantaneous median frequency (IMF) estimation. Beyond the EMG signals from triceps surae and biceps brachialis, the CWD was applied in a simulated sinusoidal signal as like in stationary and non-stationary simulated EMG signals (SES). The CWD negative values of all simulated and EMG signals were removed.

Influence of a preventive training program on lower limb kinematics and vertical jump height of male volleyball athletes.

Objective: To examine the influence of a preventative training program (PTP) on sagittal plane kinematics during different landing tasks and vertical jump height (VJH) in males.

Design: Six weeks prospective exercise intervention.

Participants: Fifteen male volleyball athletes (13 ± 0.

Targeted deletion of the antisilencer/enhancer (ASE) element from intron 1 of the myelin proteolipid protein gene (Plp1) in mouse reveals that the element is dispensable for Plp1 expression in brain during development and remyelination.

Myelin proteolipid protein gene (Plp1) expression is temporally regulated in brain, which peaks during the active myelination period of CNS development. Previous studies with Plp1-lacZ transgenic mice demonstrated that (mouse) Plp1 intron 1 DNA is required for high levels of expression in oligodendrocytes. Deletion-transfection analysis revealed the intron contains a single positive regulatory element operative in the N20.

Isometric fatigue patterns in time and time-frequency domains of triceps surae muscle in different knee positions.

The occurrence of fatigue in triceps surae (TS) muscles during sustained plantar flexion contraction is investigated by means of the RMS electromyogram (EMG) and the instantaneous median frequency (IMF) of the short time Fourier transform (STFT). Six male subjects realized a 40% maximal plantar flexion isometric voluntary contraction until fatigue in two knee positions. Electrodes were positioned on gastrocnemius medialis, gastrocnemius lateralis and soleus muscles.

Expression of myelin genes: comparative analysis of Oli-neu and N20.1 oligodendroglial cell lines.

The use of immortalized cells has been instrumental as a tool with which to study gene regulation. However, it is crucial to understand the status of a given cell line, especially when investigating the regulation of genes whose expression is developmentally regulated. Several immortalized cell lines have been derived from primary cultures of mouse oligodendrocytes.

Differences in time-frequency representation of lower limbs myoelectric activity during single and double leg landing in male athletes.

This study compared the instantaneous median frequency (IMF) obtained by means of a Choi-Williams transform of an electromyogram of the lower-limb muscles during single-leg (SL) and double-leg (DL) landings performed by fifteen male athletes. The IMF values of the rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris (BF) and hip adductors (HA) were compared between two landing tasks, within each landing, and before and after ground contact (GC). The IMF values of the RF did not change between landings in contrast to those of the BF, which presented from 20- to 40-ms higher SL values before GC and from 40 to 60 ms after GC.

Influence of hip external rotation on hip adductor and rectus femoris myoelectric activity during a dynamic parallel squat.

This study sought to compare the myoelectric activity of the hip adductors (HAs) and rectus femoris (RF) when the hip was in a neutral position or externally rotated by 30° or 50° (H0, H30, and H50, respectively) during a parallel squat. Ten healthy subjects performed 10 repetitions of squats in each of the 3 hip positions and the myoelectric activities of the HAs and RF were recorded. The signal was then divided into categories representing concentric (C) and eccentric (E) contractions in the following ranges of motion: 0-30° (C1 and E1), 30-60° (C2 and E2), and 60-90° (C3 and E3) of knee flexion.

Leydig cells express the myelin proteolipid protein gene and incorporate a new alternatively spliced exon.

Although the myelin proteolipid protein gene (Plp1) is highly expressed in the central nervous system encoding the most abundant myelin protein in oligodendrocytes, it is also expressed in other tissues, including testis. Transgenic studies with mice that harbor Plp1-lacZ fusion genes suggest that Leydig cells are the source of Plp1 gene expression in testis. However, virtually nothing is known about Plp1 gene regulation in Leydig cells, which is the focus of this study.