Evidence examining disparities in post-acute care (PAC) utilization among various racial and ethnic groups after stroke and the influence of social determinants of health (SDOH) in these decisions is lacking. Thus, we searched the literature from January 2000 to November 2023 regarding PAC among individuals after stroke through: 1) Pubmed, 2) Scopus, 3) Web of Science, 4) Embase, and 5) CINAHL. We found 14 studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Long-term nursing home stay or death (long-term NH stay or death), defined as new long-term residence in a nursing home or death following hospital discharge, is an important patient-centered outcome.
Objective: To examine whether the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with changes in long-term NH stay or death among older adults with sepsis, and whether these changes were greater in individuals from racial and ethnic minoritized groups.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study used patient-level data from the Medicare Provider Analysis and Review File, the Master Beneficiary Summary File, and the Minimum Data Set.
Background: In the United States, Black and Hispanic patients have substantially worse maternal outcomes than non-Hispanic White patients. The goals of this study were to evaluate the association between the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and maternal outcomes, and whether Black and Hispanic patients were disproportionately affected by the pandemic compared to White patients.
Methods: Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine in the United States the association between maternal outcomes (severe maternal morbidity, mortality, failure-to-rescue, and cesarean delivery) and the weekly hospital proportion of COVID-19 patients, and the interaction between race, ethnicity, payer status, and the hospital COVID-19 burden using US national data from the Vizient Clinical Database between 2017 and 2022.
Background: Sepsis disproportionately affects marginalized communities. This study aims to evaluate racial and ethnic disparities in failure-to-rescue (FTR) after postoperative sepsis.
Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program for patients who underwent inpatient noncardiac surgery between 2018 and 2021.
Am J Hosp Palliat Care
September 2024
Importance: Nursing home (NH) transfers to hospitals are common and have been associated with cognitive decline; approximately 45% of NH hospital transfers are potentially avoidable hospitalizations (PAHs).
Objective: To determine PAH incidence for historically marginalized NH residents with severe cognitive impairment compared with non-Hispanic White residents.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study merged 2018 Centers for Medicaid & Medicare Services datasets and LTCFocus, a public dataset on US NH care, for US NH residents aged 65 years and older who had a hospitalization.
Background: The objective of this study was to examine insurance-based disparities in mortality, nonhome discharges, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation utilization in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
Methods: Using a national database of U.S.
Background: Nursing home (NH) residents' vulnerability to COVID-19 underscores the importance of infection preventionists (IPs) within NHs. Our study aimed to determine whether training and credentialing of NH IPs were associated with resident COVID-19 deaths.
Methods: This retrospective observational study utilized data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Healthcare Safety Network NH COVID-19 Module and USAFacts, from May 2020 to February 2021, linked to a 2018 national NH survey.
Background COVID-19 stressed hospitals and may have disproportionately affected the stroke outcomes and treatment of Black and Hispanic individuals. Methods and Results This retrospective study used 100% Medicare Provider Analysis and Review file data from between 2016 and 2020. We used interrupted time series analyses to examine whether the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated disparities in stroke outcomes and reperfusion therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted usual care for emergent conditions, such as acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Understanding whether Black and Hispanic individuals experiencing AMI had greater increases in poor outcomes compared with White individuals during the pandemic has important equity implications.
Objective: To investigate whether the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased disparities in treatment and outcomes among Medicare patients hospitalized with AMI.
Objectives: The aim was to characterize hospitalization costs, charges, and lengths of hospital stay for COVID-19 patients treated with venovenous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the United States during 2020. Secondarily, differences in hospitalization costs, charges, and lengths of hospital stay were explored based on hospital-level factors.
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Importance: Whether people from racial and ethnic minority groups experience disparities in access to minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) is not known.
Objective: To investigate racial and ethnic disparities in the utilization of MIMVS.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study used data from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database for patients who underwent mitral valve surgery between 2014 and 2019.
Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the most common cardiac surgical procedure in the world and up to one-third of patients are transfused red blood cells (RBCs). RBC transfusion may increase the risk for health care-associated infection (HAI) after CABG, but previous studies have shown conflicting results and many did not establish exposure temporality. Our objective was to explore whether intraoperative RBC transfusion is associated with increased odds of postoperative HAI.
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