[Capabilities of cytological assay in the detection of metastatic lesions of the lymph nodes].

The study was undertaken to define the capabilities of cytological assay in the detection of metastatic lymph node lesions. A total of 6794 lymph nodes, including 5206 fine-needle biopsy specimens of and 1588 scrapes and imprints of the lymph nodes taken from the patients operated on at the P. A.

[Cytological changes in the cervix uteri and bacterial vaginosis].

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a highly prevalent infectious disease causing numerous complications in obstetrics, gynecology, and in the newborns. The necessity of investigating BV is explained by its increasing incidence, including its asymptomatic forms, its probable sexual transmission, and its possible role in the etiology and pathogenesis of diseases of the cervix uteri because of exposure of the squamous epithelium of the cervix uteri, permanently regenerating and therefore highly sensitive to unfavorable effects, to high concentrations of opportunistic microorganisms. Our findings indicate that women with BV, particularly those with signs of another infection, are at risk of diseases of the cervix uteri.

[The cytological characteristics of the squamous epithelium of the cervix uteri in women living under the conditions of an elevated radiation background].

Cytomorphological signs of epithelial cells were analyzed in scraping off the cervix uteri of 607 women living in the zone of increased radiation background. The examined group consisted mainly of women aged 30 to 50. In 9.

[Cytomorphological criteria of atypical hyperplasia and cancer of the endometrium based on data from a multivariate statistical analysis].

Multifactorial statistical analysis was used to identify differential diagnostic cytological features of glandular hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. Twelve cytological features were identified for calculating linear discriminant function. The effectiveness of the diagnostic algorithm depends upon the diagnostic value of the sample and proficiency of the cytologist.

[Differential diagnostic cytologic signs of atypical hyperplasia and cancer of the endometrium].

Computerized multifactorial analysis of 56 cytologic features was performed in 135 cases suffering glandular and atypical hyperplasia and well-differentiated endometrial carcinoma (45 patients in each group). The established regularities enabled students to differentiate between hyperplasia and cancer in 95% of cases in classes and in 73-83% at examination.

[The role of cytological studies in evaluating the severity of dysplasia during prophylactic gynecological examinations (cooperative study)].

Cytologic examination of scrapings from the uterine cervix was carried out in 498 patients in whom moderate or severe dysplasia of the squamous epithelium or suspicion for cancer were established in the course of gynecologic screening. The said pathology was diagnosed in 0.63% of screeneses.

[Cytological classification of precancer and cancer of the cervix uteri].

A cytological classification of dysplasia, intraepithelial and invasive cancer of the cervix uteri is suggested. Cytologic criteria for differential diagnosis are discussed. Cytologic diagnosis of precancer and cancer made on the basis of the said classification was verified in 63.

[Cytological characteristics of severe dysplasia, intraepithelial cancer and stage IA cancer of the cervix uteri based on multivariate analysis (joint study)].

The investigation was concerned with a computer statistical analysis of 40 cytological indexes of severe dysplasia, intraepithelial cancer and stage IA carcinoma of cervix uteri. It was found that, irrespective of stage, of major importance are such factors as atypia of cells and nuclei, cell division rate, keratinization involving the formation of specific structures, increasing atypia of cells accompanied by high-rate division and reduction in variety of cell functions.

[Cytological classifications of precancerous conditions and cancer of the lung, breast, esophagus and stomach].

Cytological classifications of cancer and precancerous lesions of the lung, breast, esophagus and stomach are suggested. They are based on the analysis of the results of research and practical experience gained at the Institute in the treatment of more than 2,000 cases. The cytological classifications are in conformity with those of WHO and provide for identification of malignancy, histological pattern, degree of tumor differentiation as well as the degree of dysplasia in precancerous lesions.

[Cytological method in the emergency surgical diagnosis of cancer at different sites].

The results of 1,215 emergency surgical cytological assays conducted in 619 cases of cancer and some other malignant tumors are presented. Specimens were obtained by puncture of primary tumor, swollen lymph nodes, indurations and infiltrations, by attrition of primary tumor, serous surfaces and surgical incisions, from serous cavity fluids and imprints of bioptical material. The results of emergency cytological diagnosis of cancer and other malignant tumors were confirmed in 95% of cases.

[Detection of threatened pathology and cancer of the cervix uteri during prophylactic examinations (based on the results of a cooperative study)].

Preliminary results are reported on the coordinating studies, conducted by the five oncological institutions of the Russia Federation on elaborating cytological criteria of the cervical epithelium malignant transformation. The material under investigation was the smears taken at mass prophylactic examinations. A group of women (512) with high cancer risk pathology has been distinguished--/various degree of dysplasia, preinvasive cancer, cancer in stage Ia/.