Pharmacological prevention of arthrofibrosis: a systematic review.

Background And Aims: Arthrofibrosis is a complication of intra-articular knee surgery which is caused by intra-articular fibrosis. To date, several preventive therapies for arthrofibrosis have been reported. This systematic review aims to summarize current knowledge about pharmacological arthrofibrosis prevention.

A Case Report of a National Judo Champion: Is Return to High-Level Contact Sports Possible After Meniscus Allograft Transplantation?

Meniscus allograft transplantation (MAT) is a surgical procedure reserved for (relatively) younger individuals who remain symptomatic after the resection of a voluminous part of the meniscus. Return to sports and certainly the level of sport post-MAT are highly variable. We present a unique case of a national judo champion who was able to compete at the highest level following MAT.

New Anatomical Concepts regarding Pubic-Related Groin Pain: A Dissection Study.

Objective: Pubis-related groin pain remains a difficult topic in orthopedic and sports medicine. A better understanding of the anatomy of the adductors and the pubic ligaments is necessary. The aim of this study is to map all the musculotendinous attachments to the pubic ligaments and to investigate in detail all the possible inter-adductor fusions.

Intramuscular Oxygenation and Muscle Activity of Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis During Piano Performance: An Observational Study.

Background: Repetitive piano movements have been associated with playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs) such as forearm myalgia and symptoms of lateral epicondylopathy. Despite the high prevalence of PRMDs among pianists, there is poor understanding regarding the underlying physiological mechanisms. Intramuscular oxygenation may play a role in the development of PRMDs.

New insights into the musculotendinous and ligamentous attachments at the pubic symphysis: A systematic review.

Objective: Collection and meta-analysis of all relevant anatomical studies related to the pubic symphysis to provide a state of the art review of its musculotendinous and ligamentous attachments from 2010 to date.

Methods: A systematic search of published literature databases (PubMed, Web of Science and Embase) was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines from January 2010 up until now. All papers investigating the anatomy of the musculotendinous attachments of the pubis and the pubic ligaments were eligible.

Suture tape augmentation ACL repair, stable knee, and favorable PROMs, but a re-rupture rate of 11% within 2 years.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair using the suture tape augmentation (STA) technique.

Methods: This prospective interventional case series included 35 patients who underwent STA ACL repair and were all followed up for 2 years. The ACL rupture was between 4 and 12 weeks old and per-operatively confirmed repairable.

Natural History of a Traumatic Olecranon Loss Resulting in a "Reversed Elbow": A Case Report.

Case Description: A 58-year-old woman suffered an open displaced olecranon fracture with extensive soft tissue damage when she was involved in a car accident in Africa. Local doctors performed a debridement of the elbow. Later, she presented in our centre for further treatment.

Short stem total hip arthroplasty: Potential explanations for persistent post-surgical thigh pain.

Short stem uncemented femoral implants were developed with the aim of preserving proximal bone stock for future revisions, improving biomechanical reconstruction, aiding insertion through smaller incisions and potentially decreasing or limiting the incidence of thigh pain. Despite all the advantages of short stem designs, it remains unclear whether they are able to limit post-surgical thigh pain. In patients with short stem hip arthroplasty and persistent thigh pain, it is of the utmost importance to understand the potential etiologies of this chronic pain for selecting the appropriate treatment strategy.

Long term results after bipolar radial head arthroplasty.

Radial head fractures are common injuries, occurring mostly in active young people 85%. Treatment of the more complex radial head fractures (Mason type III and IV), appear to be challenging and remain a subject of controversy. Replacement of the radial head with a metal prosthesis imitates the stabilizing role of the radial head and has been considered as the treatment of choice.

The Anterolateral Ligament of the Knee: What the Radiologist Needs to Know.

The anterolateral ligament (ALL) was recently identified as a distinct component of the anterolateral capsule of the human knee joint with consistent origin and insertion sites. Biomechanical studies revealed that the current association between the pivot shift and an injured anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) should be loosened and that the rotational component of the pivot shift is significantly affected by the ALL. This may change the clinical approach toward ACL-injured patients presenting with anterolateral rotatory instability (ALRI), the most common instability pattern after ACL rupture.

Efficacy of Different Types of Mobilization Techniques in Patients With Primary Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To systematically review the literature for efficacy of isolated articular mobilization techniques in patients with primary adhesive capsulitis (AC) of the shoulder.

Data Sources: PubMed and Web of Science were searched for relevant studies published before November 2014. Additional references were identified by manual screening of the reference lists.

Comparison of two percutaneous volar approaches for screw fixation of scaphoid waist fractures: radiographic and biomechanical study of an osteotomy-simulated model.

Background: When a surgeon uses a percutaneous volar approach to treat scaphoid waist fractures, central screw placement is complicated by the shape of the scaphoid and by obstruction by the trapezium. In this study, we used radiographs and biomechanical tests to compare the standard volar percutaneous approach with the transtrapezial approach, with regard to central screw placement at the distal pole of the scaphoid.

Methods: Fourteen matched pairs of cadaveric wrists were randomly assigned to two treatment groups.

The anatomy of the clavicle: a three-dimensional cadaveric study.

The clavicle has a complex osteologic structure that makes morphological analysis extremely difficult. A three-dimensional study was conducted to examine the anatomical variations and characteristics of the bone. Sixty-eight human cadaver clavicles were dissected, CAT-scanned, and reconstructed.

Does infrapatellar fat pad resection in total knee arthroplasty impair clinical outcome? A systematic review.

Introduction: The infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) is often removed during total knee arthroplasty (TKA). No evidence based guidelines on changes in clinical outcome have yet been described. The aim of this review is to investigate whether regular removal of the IPFP during TKA should be performed.

Bilateral ulnar nerve entrapment by the M. anconeus epitrochlearis. A case report and literature review.

Ulnar neuropathy at the elbow is the second most common entrapment neuropathy. Ulnar nerve entrapment has several causes. A case report is presented with the presence of the M.

Innervation of the elbow joint: Is total denervation possible? A cadaveric anatomic study.

The aim of this anatomical study was to find out if total denervation of the elbow joint is technically feasible. The endbranches of the brachial plexus of eight fresh-frozen upper arm cadavers were dissected with optical loupe magnification. All major nerves of the upper limb (except the axillary and the medial brachial cutaneous nerve) give some terminal articular endbranches to the elbow.

Statin use is associated with reduced incidence and progression of knee osteoarthritis in the Rotterdam study.

Background: Osteoarthritis is the most frequent chronic joint disease causing pain and disability. Besides biomechanical mechanisms, the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis may involve inflammation, vascular alterations and dysregulation of lipid metabolism. As statins are able to modulate many of these processes, this study examines whether statin use is associated with a decreased incidence and/or progression of osteoarthritis.

Relationship of the Scarf valgus-inducing osteotomy of the calcaneus to the medial neurovascular structures.

Background: The Scarf valgus inducing osteotomy of the calcaneus is an operative technique to correct varus deformity of the hindfoot. It is versatile with significant corrective power; however, the neurovascular structures are in close proximity on the medial side and thus may be harmed during the osteotomy. Moreover, because this type of osteotomy can cause a great lateral translation, traction of the medial neurovascular structures is possible.

Validation of a CT-based determination of the glenohumeral index.

The amount of bony support by the glenoid can be determined using the glenohumeral index, i.e. the maximum anteroposterior (AP) diameter of the humeral head divided by the maximum AP dimension of the glenoid.

Accuracy of placement of the glenoid component in reversed shoulder arthroplasty with and without navigation.

Hypothesis: Navigation can improve accuracy of placement of the glenoid component in reversed shoulder arthroplasty.

Material And Methods: A glenoid component of a reversed shoulder prosthesis was implanted in 14 paired scapulohumeral cadaver specimens. Seven procedures with standard instrumentation were compared with 7 procedures using navigation.

Tears of the supraspinatus tendon: assessment with indirect magnetic resonance arthrography in 67 patients with arthroscopic correlation.

Background: Magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography is generally regarded as the gold standard for shoulder imaging. As an alternative to direct MR arthrography, the less invasive indirect MR arthrography technique was proposed, offering logistic advantages because fluoroscopic or ultrasonographic guidance for joint injection is not required.

Purpose: To assess the diagnostic performance of indirect MR arthrography in the diagnosis of full- and partial-thickness supraspinatus tears in a symptomatic population.

The role of the transverse carpal ligament in carpal stability: an in vitro study.

A biomechanical in vitro study was performed on 16 fresh frozen cadaver forearms to investigate the role of the transverse carpal ligament (TCL) in carpal stability. The distance between the scaphoid and hamate was measured, as a reference for the length of the TCL. Distances were recorded in both loaded and unloaded conditions after gradual sectioning of the transverse carpal ligament, the palmar scapholunate, long radiolunate ligament and radioscapholunate ligament.

A common reference frame for describing rotation of the distal femur: a ct-based kinematic study using cadavers.

The understanding of rotational alignment of the distal femur is essential in total knee replacement to ensure that there is correct placement of the femoral component. Many reference axes have been described, but there is still disagreement about their value and mutual angular relationship. Our aim was to validate a geometrically-defined reference axis against which the surface-derived axes could be compared in the axial plane.

Lateral epicondylitis in tennis: update on aetiology, biomechanics and treatment.

Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) is the most frequent type of myotendinosis and can be responsible for substantial pain and loss of function of the affected limb. Tennis biomechanics, player characteristics and equipment are important in preventing the condition. This article presents an overview of the current knowledge on lateral epicondylitis, and focuses on treatment strategies.