Effects of Slow Breathing Exercises on Cardiac Autonomic Functions in Anxiety Disorder-A Randomised Control Trial.

Background: Anxiety disorders are commonly associated with a higher risk of fatal cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Anxiety disorders lead to dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, thus weakening the key neuronal components of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) that are involved in cardiovascular functions, leading to increased cardiovascular risk.

Purpose: Impaired ANS activity, as reduced parasympathetic tone is strongly associated with an increased risk of CVD in anxiety disorders.

Assessing the impact of the National Clean Air Programme in Uttar Pradesh's non-attainment cities: a prophet model time series analysis.

Background: Uttar Pradesh, India's largest state, faces critical pollution levels, necessitating urgent action. The National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) targets a 40% reduction in particulate pollution by 2026. This study assesses the impact of NCAP on 15 non-attainment cities in Uttar Pradesh using the Prophet forecasting model.

Effect of pranayama on sympatho-vagal imbalance and cognitive deficit in premenstrual syndrome.

Context: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a prevalent and often neglected condition that affects around 80% of women of reproductive age. In PMS, abnormal fluctuations in gonadal hormones cause altered homeostasis, resulting in sympatho-vagal imbalance and poor cognition.

Aim: To compare autonomic function parameters and cognitive performance between PMS and control groups, and to study the effect of pranayama on the above parameters in PMS women.

Association of rs2073618 polymorphism and osteoprotegerin levels with hypertension and cardiovascular risks in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

There are reports of link of osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene polymorphism to type-2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension (HTN). The objective of the study was to assess the allele frequency of OPG (rs2073618) gene polymorphism and its association with heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure variability profile as CVD risks in diabetes mellitus patients with hypertension undergoing treatment. T2D patients on treatment without hypertension (n = 172), with hypertension (n = 177) and 191 healthy volunteers were recruited for the study.

Inflammation and decreased cardiovagal modulation are linked to stress and depression at 36th week of pregnancy in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Stress and depression have been reported in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Though inflammation and oxidative stress are associated with depression, there are no reports of link of cardiometabolic risks (CMR) to stress and depression in GDM. Normal pregnant women (control group, n = 164) and women with GDM (study group, n = 176) at 36th week of gestation were recruited for the study.

Relationship between Insulin Resistances with Autonomic Functions in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in South Indian Population.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) are major health concerns In India. Insulin resistance (IR) itself is a risk factor for CVD. Though it is associated to sympathetic activity this relation may get altered in presence of obesity.

Hypertension attenuates the link of osteoprotegerin to reduced baroreflex sensitivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on oral antidiabetic and antihypertensive therapy - a cross sectional study.

Purpose: Decreased baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) has been shown to be a marker of cardiovascular (CV) risk. In the present study, the difference in CV risk biomarkers in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients receiving oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD) with and without hypertension has been assessed.

Materials And Methods: Ninety-two T2D patients on OAD without hypertension (control group) and eighty-eight diabetic patients with hypertension on OAD and antihypertensive drugs (test group) matched for age, gender, body mass index, serum glucose, glycated haemoglobin, and duration of the disease were recruited for the study.

Cardiovagal modulation and oxidative stress in hypothyroidism on maintenance therapy.

Aim: To analyze the autonomic control of heart rate variability (HRV) in subjects with peripheral hypothroidism undergoing hormone replacement therapy with L-thyroxine (L-T4) for 5-10 years.

Methods: Thyroid profile, lipid profile, lipid-risk factors, parameters of oxidative stress [malondialdehyde (MDA)], inflammation [high-sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP)] and Heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed in thirty-eight hypothyroid patients on treatment for more than five years and compared with healthy euthyroid volunteers of similar age, gender, and body composition. The link of oxidative stress with HRV parameters was assessed by Spearman-Rho correlation and regression analyses.

Effects of yoga on cardiometabolic risks and fetomaternal outcomes are associated with serum nitric oxide in gestational hypertension: a randomized control trial.

Gestational hypertension (GH) is associated with adverse cardiometabolic and pregnancy outcomes. Though yoga is known to be beneficial in pregnancy, the effects of yoga rendered for twenty weeks starting from 16th week of gestation in pregnant women having risk of GH on the incidence of hypertension, cardiometabolic risks and fetomaternal outcomes have not been studied. A randomized control trial was conducted on 234 pregnant women having risk of GH receiving standard antenatal care (Control group, n = 113), and receiving standard care + yoga (Study group, n = 121).

Role of Ventromedial Hypothalamus in Sucrose-Induced Obesity on Metabolic Parameters.

Background: Obesity is because of excessive fat accumulation that affects health adversely in the form of various diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and many other disorders. Our Indian diet is rich in carbohydrates, and hence the sucrose-induced obesity is an apt model to mimic this. Ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is linked to the regulation of food intake in animals as well as humans.

Link of neurocognitive deficit to impaired cardiovagal modulation in prehypertensives is comparable to newly diagnosed hypertensives in young Indian population.

Background: Hypertension has been reported to cause impaired cardiovagal modulation and a wide variety of cognitive loss. However, the link cardiovagal modulation to neurocognitive impairment has not been studied yet. The present study has compared the link cardiovagal modulation to neurocognitive impairment between prehypertension and newly diagnosed hypertension in young adults.

Effects of 12 Weeks Practice of Yoga on Heart Rate Variability in Males with Type 2 Diabetes Receiving Oral Antidiabetic Drugs: A Randomized Control Trial.

To investigate the effects of 12 weeks practice of a structured yoga module on heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiometabolic risks in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) receiving similar kind of oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD) with yoga therapy and without yoga therapy, matched for all the known confounders. Parallel design interventional (randomized control trial) study. Eighty treatment-naive males with T2D were randomized into control group ( = 40) and study group ( = 40).

Effects of Three Months of Honey Supplementation on Quality of Life and Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.

Context: Diabetic neuropathy, a common debilitating complication of type 2 diabetes, can occur despite adequate treatment. To date, no studies have occurred on the use alternative medicine as an adjunct therapy for treating diabetic neuropathy.

Objective: The study assessed the effects of three months of honey supplementation on insulin resistance, lipid profiles, oxidant status, nerve conduction, and QOL in patients with diabetic neuropathy.

Attenuation of baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability is linked to reduced levels of nitric oxide in pregnant women having risks of developing gestational hypertension.

Decreased baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and sympathovagal imbalance (SVI) have been reported as a cardiovascular (CV) risk in gestational hypertension (GH). Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in pathophysiology of GH. In the present study, we assessed the link of CV risks (decreased BRS and SVI) to the plasma levels of NO in women having risk of developing GH.

Effect of honey and insulin treatment on oxidative stress and nerve conduction in an experimental model of diabetic neuropathy Wistar rats.

Diabetic neuropathy is the most common complication affecting more than 50% of patients with longstanding diabetes. Till date, there are no reports to explain the scientific basis of alternative medicine as an adjunct therapy for treating diabetic neuropathy. Hence, we studied the effect of honey and insulin treatment on hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, oxidant and anti-oxidant status and nerve conduction in experimental diabetic neuropathy Wistar rats.

Trending biocontrol strategies against Cronobacter sakazakii: A recent updated review.

Cronobacter sakazakii is an emerging foodborne pathogen, causing life-threatening infections in newborns and premature infants. Cronobacter spp. can survive under difficult processing conditions thereby contaminate the Powdered Infant Formula (PIF) during the manufacturing process.

Increased osteoprotegerin level is associated with impaired cardiovagal modulation in type-2 diabetic patients treated with oral antidiabetic drugs.

Background: An increased osteoprotegerin (OPG) level has been reported in both type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diease (CVD) that are linked to sympathovagal imbalance (SVI). We explored the link of osteoprotegerin with cardiovagal modulation in T2DM.

Methods: We assessed fasting serum OPG, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), glucose, insulin and lipid profile in patients having T2DM receiving oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD) (n = 42) compared with age, gender and body composition-matched healthy participants without diabetes (n = 42).

Decreased baroreflex sensitivity is associated with cardiometabolic risks and prehypertension status in early-postmenopausal women.

Objective: We studied the link of decreased baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) to cardiometabolic risks and prehypertension status in postmenopausal women during their early menopausal phase.

Methods: Premenopausal women ( = 55) and early-postmenopausal women ( = 50) of age group between 40 and 55 years were recruited for the study, and their anthropometric parameters, complete battery of autonomic function tests (AFT), BRS, hormone levels, and cardiometabolic risk parameters were measured and compared between two groups. Correlation analysis of BRS with various physiological and biochemical parameters in these two groups were performed.

Effect of Yoga Therapy on Disease Activity, Inflammatory Markers, and Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease. Antirheumatoid treatment reduces disease activity and inflammation, but not all patients respond to treatment. Autonomic dysfunction is common in RA leading to frequent cardiovascular complications.

Effect of alternate nostril breathing exercise on blood pressure, heart rate, and rate pressure product among patients with hypertension in JIPMER, Puducherry.

Introduction: Hypertension has a direct relationship with the circulation, respiration, and function of vital organs. Similarly, complementary therapy such as alternate nostril breathing exercise has a direct effect on mental and physical health.

Materials And Methods: This is a quantitative experimental research with randomized controlled trial design.

Contribution of insulin resistance to decreased baroreceptor sensitivity & cardiometabolic risks in pre-obesity & obesity.

Background & Objectives: Although insulin resistance (IR) is a known complication in obesity, the physiological mechanisms linking IR with cardiometabolic risks in obesity have not been well studied. This study was conducted to assess the difference in cardiovascular (CV) risk profile in IR and non-IR (NIR) conditions, and contribution of IR to cardiometabolic risks in pre-obese and obese individuals.

Methods: Basal CV, blood pressure variability, autonomic function test and cardiometabolic parameters were recorded in pre-obese (n=86) and obese (n=77) individuals during 2012 and 2015.

Effect of Modified Slow Breathing Exercise on Perceived Stress and Basal Cardiovascular Parameters.

Context: Different types of breathing exercises have varied effects on cardiovascular parameters and the stress levels in an individual.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a modified form of isolated alternate nostril, slow breathing exercise on perceived stress, and cardiovascular parameters in young, male volunteers.

Settings And Design: This was a randomized control study carried out at Advanced Centre for Yoga Therapy Education and Research, Department of Physiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry in 2014.

Effect of 12 Weeks of Yoga Therapy on Quality of Life and Indian Diabetes Risk Score in Normotensive Indian Young Adult Prediabetics and Diabetics: Randomized Control Trial.

Introduction: India has become the epicentre for diabetes, a stress-related disorder affecting the working skills and day-to-day lifestyle management of younger population. Most of the studies have reported the effect of yoga on improving Quality of Life (QoL) in diabetic patients with other comorbidities. Till date, no randomized control trial reports are available to show the effect of yoga therapy on QoL and Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) in normotensive prediabetic and diabetic young individuals.

Association of Sympathovagal Imbalance With Cognitive Impairment in Type 2 Diabetes in Adults.

Objective: Sympathovagal imbalance (SVI) has been reported to be associated with metabolic derangements in type 2 diabetes. We investigated the association of SVI with cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Patients with a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (n=43) and age-matched healthy control subjects (n=43) were recruited for the study.