Thyroid diseases in a school population with thyromegaly.

A survey of 5462 schoolchildren was conducted for signs of thyroid disease in the seaside region of Sibenik, Croatia. In this region, salt is regularly iodised with 0.01% potassium iodide.

Ureaplasma urealyticum osteomyelitis in a very low birth weight infant.

We are reporting on a very low birth weight male infant with osteomyelitis of the right femur during blood stream infection with Ureaplasma urealyticum. After previously recognized pulmonary and central nervous system infections, our case description link U. urealyticum to bone disease, widening the spectrum of pathologic conditions in neonates due to this agents.

Ureaplasma urealyticum infection in newborns: three case reports.

We report three newborns with different manifestations of Ureaplasma urealyticum infection; a term newborn with acute neonatal pneumonia and two very low birth weight infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and osteomyelitis of the femur, respectively. The association of U. urealyticum with acute and chronic respiratory disease in term and preterm newborns has recently been reported.

Haplotype distribution and mutations at the PAH locus in Croatia.

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) haplotypes and mutations at the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) locus have been studied in 25 unrelated families from Croatia. The results of RFLP analysis demonstrated that 80% of the mutant alleles were associated with three haplotypes (1, 2 and 4). Eight mutations were detected on the background of six mutant haplotypes, comprising 68% of phenylketonuria (PKU) alleles in Croatia.

[Infant health care].

This paper presents some aspects of the infant health care in Croatia in the last decade of the 20th century. Neonatal and postneonatal declining of mortality, shift of the infant mortality into the first month of life and causes of mortality in the first and later months to the end of the first year of life are shown. The structure of health care on primary and secondary level is presented.

[Child abuse and neglect. II].

In this review, published in two parts, the medical social and legal aspects of child abuse and neglect are assessed. The aim of this paper was to get all the physicians involved in the care of children more thoroughly acquainted with the extent, manifestations and management of abused and or neglected children. The necessity of an organised multidisciplinary approach to this serious medical and social problem iz also stressed.

[Child abuse and neglect. I].

In this review, published in two parts, the medical social and legal aspects of child abuse and neglect are assessed. The aim of this paper was to get all the physicians involved in the care of children more thoroughly acquainted with the extent, manifestations and management of abused and/or neglected children. The necessity of an organized multidisciplinary approach to this serious medical and social problem is also stressed.

[The status of care of abused and neglected children in Zagreb at the end of the 20th century].

In this paper, the data on some medical, social and legal aspects of abuse and/or neglect of children in Zagreb are presented which, at least, partially illustrate this societies' care of mistreated children at the end of the 20th century. We reviewed questionnaires that were administered to 44 health institutions involved in the childrens' health control and/or treatment and to 14 social work services and analyzed cases of child mistreatment reported to the Zagreb Public Prosecution Office and final court judgements for 1987 to 1988. We conclude that all these institutions encounter cases of child abuse and/or neglect but that medical institutions identify only 10% of cases detected by social work services and that judicial system sentences with imprisonment about 30% of abusers.

[Inborn metabolic errors of urea cycle synthesis. Present possibilities of treatment].

The case history of an infant with congenital hyperammonaemia due to inherited ornithine-transcarbamylase deficiency is presented together with some basic data on his family. The metabolic cycle of urea synthesis is delineated with its enzymes and the possible inherited defects. The differential diagnosis of hyperammonaemia in the newborn infant is given.

[Ethical problems in perinatal medicine: thoughts of a pediatrician].

This study contributes to the consideration of some ethical problems in perinatal and neonatal medicine. The prenatal and postnatal periods present the continuity of human life in its earliest period. All prenatal events are manifested eventually in a newborn human being and determine its ability to further develop until full biological and sociological maturity is reached.

[Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn].

The authors present 16 patients with the idiopathic forms of hemorrhagic disease in newborns, none of which, after birth, having prophylactically received K-vitamin. Seven of them had an early form, four a classical form, and five a late form of hemorrhagic disease. All of them were born at term, four were female and 12 male newborns.

Screening of newborns for congenital hypothyroidism in Croatia--organization and first results.

In 1985 a newborn screening programme for the detection of congenital hypothyreosis was introduced in Croatia in addition to the already existing one for phenylketonuria. The paper delineates the organization of the screening programme, the method used, and the first results. Clinical manifestations, somatic and mental development, as well as laboratory findings of the first eleven children with congenial hypothyroidism detected by the screening programme and followed-up regularly are presented in more detail.

[The amazing neonate].

According to a questionnaire including 78 general practitioners, specialists in pediatrics and obstetrics, physicians specializing pediatrics and obstetrics, and 43 students of a High Nursing School, 21.8% of physicians and 58% of nurses think that the newborn does not see, 17.9% of physicians and 18.

[Primum non nocere--what does it mean in medicine today?].

The study analyzes bioethical principle of Primum non nocere and its importance and value in modern medicine. The criterion of maleficence for a patient, is defined in its real and ethical, individual, general and time contexts. The relation of ethical postulates of non-maleficence and beneficence and their correlation have been studied.

Plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration in infants with various potassium intakes.

Plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone concentration (PA) were measured in 20 healthy infants from 1 to 12 months of age during normal (3.03 mmol/kg/d) and high (5.20 mmol/kg/d) potassium intake.