Benzyl Isothiocyanate Attenuates Inflammasome Activation in LPS-Stimulated THP-1 Cells and Exerts Regulation through the MAPKs/NF-κB Pathway.

Inflammasomes are a group of intracellular multiprotein platforms that play important roles in immune systems. Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is a constituent of cruciferous plants and has been confirmed to exhibit various biological activities. The modulatory effects of BITC on inflammasome-mediated interleukin (IL)-1β expression and its regulatory mechanisms in () LPS/ATP-stimulated THP-1 cells was investigated.

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester inhibits the inflammatory effects of interleukin-1β in human corneal fibroblasts.

Context: Expression of various inflammatory mediators in corneal fibroblasts contributes to corneal inflammation.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the possible effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on the expression of inflammatory mediators during an inflammatory response in human corneal fibroblasts.

Materials And Methods: The levels of interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) from IL-1β-exposed human corneal fibroblasts were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).

Inhibitory effects of the platelet-activating factor receptor antagonists, CV-3988 and Ginkgolide B, on alkali burn-induced corneal neovascularization.

Purpose: Platelet-activating factor (PAF) has been found in various ocular tissues; the activity of PAF depends on the binding to its specific receptor, PAF-receptor. We investigated the therapeutic effects of PAF-receptor antagonists (CV-3988 and Ginkgolide B) on alkali burn-induced corneal neovascularization (CNV).

Methods: CNV was induced by applying a 0.

The 15-deoxy-δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 inhibits LPS‑stimulated inflammation via enhancement of the platelet‑activating factor acetylhydrolase activity in human retinal pigment epithelial cells.

A well-recognized natural ligand of PPARγ, 15-deoxy-δ(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) possesses immunomodulatory properties. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether 15d-PGJ(2) was able to attenuate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, which are involved in ocular immune responses. In addition, we examined whether the platelet activating factor (PAF) is associated with the anti-inflammatory activity of 15d-PGJ(2).

A low-copy-number plasmid for retrieval of toxic genes from BACs and generation of conditional targeting constructs.

Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) clones are widely used for retrieving genomic DNA sequences for gene targeting. In this study, low-copy-number plasmids pBAC-FB, pBAC-FC, and pBAC-DE, which carry the F plasmid replicon, were generated from pBACe3.6.

CD40 stimulation induces vincristine resistance via AKT activation and MRP1 expression in a human multiple myeloma cell line.

Various co-stimulatory receptors are expressed in multiple myeloma (MM) both in immune microenvironment and in the tumor microenvironment in vivo. In relapsed human MM, these receptors are known to increase cell proliferation and induce conventional drug resistance. However, the mechanism of drug resistance induced via co-stimulatory receptors is poorly understood.

Production and binding of endothelin-2 (EDN2) in the rat ovary: endothelin receptor subtype A (EDNRA)-mediated contraction.

Endothelin-2 (EDN2)-mediated contraction has been proposed as a final mechanical signal facilitating ovulation. The objectives herein were to determine (1) whether ovarian endothelins were increased before ovulation; (2) whether a specific endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE) was mediating their production; (3) which receptor was facilitating ovarian contraction; and (4) whether receptor-specific antagonism affected ovulation. Follicular development was induced in immature rats with 10 IU pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) and the ovulatory cascade was initiated 48 h later with 10 IU human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG).

Role of hypoxia in the regulation of periovulatory EDN2 expression in the mouse.

We have previously proposed endothelin-2 (EDN2) as a granulosa cell-derived contractile signal that facilitates ovulation. Spatially, Edn2 mRNA expression is restricted to granulosa cells of periovulatory follicles. Temporally, mRNA for this contractile peptide is expressed immediately before follicle rupture.

Glucocorticoids modulate NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression by up-regulating FKBP51 expression in Newcastle disease virus-infected chickens.

FK506-binding protein 51(FKBP51, coded by FKBP5) is a co-chaperone molecule that interacts with the chaperone HSP90 and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in an inactive GR complex. It is a negative regulator of glucocorticoid action and is replaced by the positive regulator, FK506-binding protein 52 (FKBP52, coded by FKBP4) when hormone binds to GR, which renders the GR complex active. In this study, we found that the expression of FKBP51 mRNA in 12 organs of Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-infected chickens was robustly induced.