Impact of smoking habits on cardiovascular and neoplastic events and all-cause death in people living with HIVfrom the STOPSHIV cohort.

Objective: The study aimed to assess the impact of smoking exposure on major clinical events (MCE) in a real-life setting of people living with HIV (PWH).

Design: Observational longitudinal multicentre cohort study from Italy.

Methods: Consecutive 983 PWH were enrolled in "STOP Smoking in HIV people" (STOPSHIV) projects and followed from July 2014 until September 2023.

Efficacy and Safety of Ceftazidime-Avibactam Alone versus Ceftazidime-Avibactam Plus Fosfomycin for the Treatment of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A Multicentric Retrospective Study from the SUSANA Cohort.

Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilation-associated pneumonia (VAP) are challenging clinical conditions due to the challenging tissue penetrability of the lung. This study aims to evaluate the potential role of fosfomycin (FOS) associated with ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) in improving the outcome in this setting. We performed a retrospective study including people with HAP or VAP treated with CZA or CZA+FOS for at least 72 h.

Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in People Living with HIV: TUBHIVIT Project, a Multicenter Italian Study.

Background: The coexistence of HIV infection and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) presents a significant public health concern due to the increased risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation and progression to active disease. The multicenter observational cohort study, TUBHIVIT, conducted in Italy from 2017 to 2023, aimed to assess the prevalence of LTBI among people living with HIV (PLHIV) and their outcomes following LTBI screening and therapy initiation.

Methods: We performed a prospective study in five referral centers for HIV care in Italy.

Risk of Cardiovascular Events in People with HIV (PWH) Treated with Integrase Strand-Transfer Inhibitors: The Debate Is Not Over; Results of the SCOLTA Study.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is common in people with HIV (PWH), and has great impact in terms of morbidity and mortality. Several intertwined mechanisms are believed to play a role in determining the increased risk of CVD, including the effect of certain antiretrovirals; among these, the role of integrase strand-transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) is yet to be fully elucidated. We conducted a multicenter, observational study comprising 4984 PWH evaluating the antiretroviral therapy (ART)-related nature of CVD in real life settings, both in naïve vs.

People with HIV pioneers of injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine long acting in Italy: who are they?

Injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine long-acting therapy is a revolutionary new antiretroviral treatment (ART) option for HIV infection in virologically suppressed adults on a stable ART. The aim of this study from SCOLTA multicenter observational prospective database is to describe the first people living with HIV (PWH) who started this regimen in Italy, assessing adherence to eligibility criteria, describing clinical-epidemiological characteristics compared to registration trials-population and describe early treatment-discontinuations.

Dolutegravir/Lamivudine versus Tenofovir Alafenamide/Emtricitabine/Bictegravir as a Switch Strategy in a Real-Life Cohort of Virogically Suppressed People Living with HIV.

Background: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of a two-drug regimen (2-DR) dolutegravir/lamivudine (DTG/3TC) versus a three-drug regimen (3-DR) tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine/bictegravir (TAF/FTC/BIC) in a real-life cohort of HIV-1 virologically suppressed treatment-experienced (TE) people living with HIV (PLWH).

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, observational study analyzing adult TE PLWH who started the 2-DR or 3-DR between January 2018 and January 2023. All PLWH with a viral load (VL) <50 copies/mL at the time of switching, and a follow-up of more than 6 months or interruption of treatment at any time, were included.

Bictegravir/Tenofovir Alafenamide/Emtricitabine: A Real-Life Experience in People Living with HIV (PLWH).

Background: Bictegravir (BIC), a recently introduced integrase inhibitor, is available in a single tablet regimen with tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) and emtricitabine (FTC) (BIC-STR). This study aimed to describe a real-life experience with BIC-STR.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of people living with HIV (PLWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with BIC-STR followed by the Clinic of Infectious Diseases of Perugia (Perugia, Italy) from September 2019 to February 2023.

Real-life safety of Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide/Bictegravir.

Introduction: Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI) are one of the most prescribed drug classes for the treatment of HIV infection worldwide. Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide/ Bictegravir (FTC/TAF/BIC) has been evaluated in randomized clinical trials; few studies have verified tolerability and safety in clinical practice. Our aim was to investigate the metabolic and hepatic safety in a real-life setting of FTC/TAF/BIC.

Lipids and Transaminase in Antiretroviral-Treatment-Experienced People Living with HIV, Switching to a Doravirine-Based vs. a Rilpivirine-Based Regimen: Data from a Real-Life Setting.

Doravirine (DOR) is a newly approved non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). We aimed to investigate, in a real-life setting, how switching to a DOR-based regimen rather than a rilpivirine (RPV)-based regimen impacted metabolic and hepatic safety. The analysis included 551 antiretroviral treatment (ART)-experienced people living with HIV (PLWH), starting RPV-based or DOR-based regimens with viral load < 200 copies/mL, baseline (T0), and at least one control visit (6-month visit, T1).

Laboratory automation, informatics, and artificial intelligence: current and future perspectives in clinical microbiology.

Clinical diagnostic laboratories produce one product-information-and for this to be valuable, the information must be clinically relevant, accurate, and timely. Although diagnostic information can clearly improve patient outcomes and decrease healthcare costs, technological challenges and laboratory workflow practices affect the timeliness and clinical value of diagnostics. This article will examine how prioritizing laboratory practices in a patient-oriented approach can be used to optimize technology advances for improved patient care.

Lipids and transaminase elevations in ARV-experienced PLWH switching to a doravirine-based regimen from rilpivirine or other regimens.

Background: Doravirine (DOR) is a newly approved antiretroviral belonging to the class of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI), well tolerated and leading to an improved lipid profile in antiretroviral experienced people living with HIV (PLWH). We aimed at evaluating if the lipid-lowering effect is linked to the drug class, using real-life data from the SCOLTA cohort.

Methods: We compared the lipid profile modifications in experienced PLWH switching to a DOR-based regimen from rilpivirine or another NNRTI-based regimen or from an integrase strand transferase (INSTI)-based regimen.

Causes of HIV Treatment Interruption during the Last 20 Years: A Multi-Cohort Real-Life Study.

In the last years, many antiretroviral drugs (ART) have been developed with increased efficacy. Nowadays, the main reasons for treatment switches are adverse events, proactive strategy or simplification. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to investigate the reason for treatment interruption in the last 20 years.

Incident diabetes in course of antiretroviral therapy.

Objective: Recent reports of excessive weight gain in people with HIV (PWH) have raised increasing concerns on the possible increase of diabetes mellitus (DM) risk in course of integrase inhibitors (INSTIs) treatment. In this study, we aimed at describing DM incidence in course of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and identifying the factors associated with new DM onset.

Design: Observational prospective SCOLTA (Surveillance Cohort Long-Term Toxicity Antiretrovirals) cohort.

Trajectories of CD4/CD8 T-Cells Ratio 96 Weeks after Switching to Dolutegravir-Based Two-Drug Regimens: Results from a Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate CD4/CD8 dynamics in patients on dolutegravir (DTG)-based two-drug regimens (2DRs) and compare them with DTG-containing triple-drug regimens (3DRs). A prospective observational study was performed in the context of the SCOLTA cohort. Experienced PWH with HIV-RNA < 50 copies/mL were included if they were on the DTG-2DR, the DTG + tenofovir/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) regimen, the DTG + tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)/FTC regimen, or the DTG + abacavir/lamivudine (ABC/3TC) regimen; they were followed-up for at least one year.

Pre and Post-Monoclonal Infusion Neutralizing Activity in a Subgroup of Patients Treated in the Presence of two SARS-CoV-2 Dominant Variant of Concern (VOCs) and an Ongoing Vaccination. Overall Clinical Efficacy of Two Monoclonal Antibodies Association in Umbria.

Background And Objective: In patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and at high risk of progression, casirivimab/imdevimab and bamlanivimab/etesivimab were utilized in Umbria from late April to November 2021. This period was characterized by an initial prevalence of alpha (B1.1.

Reversibility of Central Nervous System Adverse Events in Course of Art.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the frequency of central nervous system adverse events (CNS-AE) on dolutegravir (DTG) and non-DTG containing ART, and their reversibility, in the observational prospective SCOLTA cohort. Factors associated with CNS-AE were estimated using a Cox proportional-hazards model. 4939 people living with HIV (PLWH) were enrolled in DTG (n = 1179) and non-DTG (n = 3760) cohorts.

Effect of High-Titer Convalescent Plasma on Progression to Severe Respiratory Failure or Death in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Convalescent plasma (CP) has been generally unsuccessful in preventing worsening of respiratory failure or death in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of CP plus standard therapy (ST) vs ST alone in preventing worsening respiratory failure or death in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective, open-label, randomized clinical trial enrolled (1:1 ratio) hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia to receive CP plus ST or ST alone between July 15 and December 8, 2020, at 27 clinical sites in Italy.

Early Treatment with Bamlanivimab Alone does not Prevent COVID-19 Hospitalization and Its Post-Acute Sequelae. A Real Experience in Umbria, Italy.

Background And Objective: The use of monoclonal antibodies to the SARS-Cov-2 spike protein for early treatment of COVID-19 disease is being evaluated, with only phase 2 studies available to date. The emergency authorization of bamlanivimab monotherapy was obtained in November 2020 by the FDA and in March 2021 by Italian agency AIFA. Its use was then revoked in April 2021 by both.

Accuracy and Impact on Patient Management of New Tools for Diagnosis of Sepsis: Experience with the T2 Magnetic Resonance Bacteria Panel.

The rapid and accurate identification of pathogens responsible for sepsis is essential for prompt and effective antimicrobial therapy. Molecular technologies have been developed to detect the most common causative agents, with high sensitivity and short time to result (TTR). T2 Bacteria Panel (T2), based on a combination of PCR and T2 magnetic resonance, can identify directly in blood samples , , , , , and pathogens.

Durability of Dolutegravir-Based Regimens: A 5-Year Prospective Observational Study.

This study evaluates the frequency and causes of dolutegravir (DTG) discontinuation along 5 years of follow-up, in both antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naive and experienced people living with HIV (PLWH). This is a prospective multi-center cohort study enrolling PLWH on DTG from July 2014 until November 2020. DTG-durability was investigated using the Kaplan-Meier survival curve.