European Hedgehogs as Hosts of Chaphamaparvovirus, Italy.

In 2022, a novel parvovirus was identified from an outbreak of fatal enteritis in weaned European hedgehogs () at a wildlife rescue center in Southern Italy. During sequence analysis, the strain was found to be closely related (90.4% nucleotide identity) to a chaphamaparvovirus (ChPV) discovered in Amur hedgehogs () during a large metaviromic investigation in game animals in China.

Detection and Genomic Characterization of Novel Mammarenavirus in European Hedgehogs, Italy.

Mammarenaviruses are noteworthy zoonotic pathogens, and the main reservoirs are rodent species. We report the detection of a novel mammarenavirus in 6/183 (3.3%) in necropsied European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) collected in Italy.

Causes of Admission, Mortality and Pathological Findings in European Hedgehogs: Reports from Two University Centers in Italy and Switzerland.

European hedgehogs () are nocturnal insectivores frequently found in urban areas. In the last decades, their population has declined in various European countries and human activities have emerged as significant contributors to this trend. While the literature has mainly focused on trauma as the major cause of mortality, few authors have considered pathological findings.

Comparison between Carprofen and Meloxicam for Post-Neutering Pain Management in Pet Rabbits.

Surgical neutering in pet rabbits is common practice to prevent reproduction and associated health issues. Adequate postoperative pain management is crucial for recovery, yet effective methods in clinical settings remain underexplored. This study compared the analgesic effects of carprofen and meloxicam in pet rabbits undergoing surgical neutering.

Conservative treatment of a synovial cyst in a golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) with triamcinolone acetonide.

In human and veterinary medicine, the treatment of synovial cysts involves medical or surgical approach. When medical treatment is chosen, triamcinolone acetonide is one of the most used drugs. In this case, intracystic triamcinolone was administered for the treatment of a non-infectious elbow synovial cyst in a subadult female Golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), unable to fly.

Seismic assessment of bridges through structural health monitoring: a state-of-the-art review.

The present work offers a comprehensive overview of methods related to condition assessment of bridges through Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) procedures, with a particular interest on aspects of seismic assessment. Established techniques pertaining to different levels of the SHM hierarchy, reflecting increasing detail and complexity, are first outlined. A significant portion of this review work is then devoted to the overview of computational intelligence schemes across various aspects of bridge condition assessment, including sensor placement and health tracking.

Effects of Intratesticular Lidocaine in Pet Rabbits Undergoing Orchiectomy.

The use of local anesthetics for castration is both simple and cost-effective, and it may contribute to reducing the anesthetic requirements. Despite its common use in clinical practice, the literature regarding the effects of intratesticular lidocaine in rabbits is limited. In this study, nine rabbits per group were assigned to intratesticularly receive either 2% lidocaine (0.

Molecular Surveillance for Bocaparvoviruses and Bufaviruses in the European Hedgehog ().

The presence of bocaparvoviruses (BoVs) and bufaviruses (BuVs) in the European hedgehog () was investigated by screening duodenal and liver samples collected from 183 carcasses, delivered to wildlife rescue centers located in northwestern Italy. BoV DNA was detected in 15 animals (8.2%), with prevalences of 7.

Main causes of death of free-ranging bats in Turin province (North-Western Italy): gross and histological findings and emergent virus surveillance.

Background: Bats are recognized as reservoir species for multiple viruses. However, little is known on bats' health and mortality. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the main causes of death of bats from Turin province (North-western Italy) and to describe gross and histopathological lesions potentially associated with the presence of selected bat viruses.

Frustrated Total Internal Reflection Measurement System for Pilot Inceptor Grip Pressure.

Sensing the interaction between the pilot and the control inceptors can provide important information about the pilot's activity during flight, potentially enabling the objective measurement of the pilot workload, the application of preventive actions against loss of situational awareness, and the identification of the insurgence of adverse couplings with the vehicle dynamics. This work presents an innovative pressure-sensing device developed to be seamlessly integrated into the grips of conventional aircraft control inceptors. The sensor, based on frustrated total internal reflection of light, is composed of low-cost elements and can be easily manufactured to be applicable to different hand pressure ranges.

Intranasal Atomization of Ketamine, Medetomidine and Butorphanol in Pet Rabbits Using a Mucosal Atomization Device.

A non-invasive method of drug delivery, intranasal atomization, has shown positive results in human medicine and in some animal species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of intranasal atomization, compared to intramuscular administration, of a mix of anesthetic drugs in pet rabbits. In total, 104 mixed-breed pet rabbits, undergoing various types of surgery, received a combination of ketamine, medetomidine, and butorphanol (20, 0.

Laparoscopic Salpingectomy and Vasectomy to Inhibit Fertility in Free-Ranging Nutrias ().

The nutria (), an invasive alien species, is widely spread in Europe. Pursuant to regulation (EU) no. 1143/2014, the nutria is subject to management programs to reduce its spread.

Antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli in wild birds hospitalised in a wildlife rescue centre.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the consequence of a hospitalisation period on antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from wild bird species admitted in the wildlife rescue centre of the Department of Veterinary Sciences (Turin University, Italy). Samples were collected from 121 raptors and 51 synanthropic animals, at the time of arrival as well as 5 and 10 days afterwards for a total of 372 faecal samples, and the susceptibility of E. coli strains was tested to a panel of seven antibacterials.

A composite scale to recognize abdominal pain and its variation over time in response to analgesia in rabbits.

Objective: To refine a composite scale for pain evaluation in rabbits and evaluate it for pain variations over time. To determine the differences between objective-Centro Animali Non Convenzionali Rabbit Scale (CANCRS) and subjective-Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in assessing abdominal pain.

Study Design: Observational case-control study.

FIELD ANESTHESIA OF FREE-RANGING NUTRIAS (MYOCASTOR COYPUS) FOR SURGICAL REPRODUCTION CONTROL.

The nutria (Myocastor coypus), a rodent native to South America, has been introduced and has established feral populations at numerous locations in North America, Europe, and Asia. As such, the nutria is subject to research and management programs, including investigation of surgical fertility-control techniques. We evaluated the efficacy of a mixture of ketamine and medetomidine, with additional use of isoflurane and reversal with atipamezole, to provide safe, reliable anesthesia for surgical procedures under field conditions.

Successful Treatment of Pyometra Caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in a Rabbit.

This article reports an unusual presentation of pyometra in a pet rabbit. A 2-year-old mixed-breed female rabbit with pelvic limb paralysis was referred for abdominal distension associated with prolonged depression and decreased appetite. Clinical examination and diagnostic imaging (radiographs and ultrasound) led to the provisional diagnosis of pyometra that was caused by the presence of an enlarged organ containing fluid material and occupying most of the caudal abdomen.

Understanding COVID-19 nonlinear multi-scale dynamic spreading in Italy.

The outbreak of COVID-19 in Italy took place in Lombardia, a densely populated and highly industrialized northern region, and spread across the northern and central part of Italy according to quite different temporal and spatial patterns. In this work, a multi-scale territorial analysis of the pandemic is carried out using various models and data-driven approaches. Specifically, a logistic regression is employed to capture the evolution of the total positive cases in each region and throughout Italy, and an enhanced version of a SIR-type model is tuned to fit the different territorial epidemic dynamics via a differential evolution algorithm.

Relationships Among Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder, Emotional Dysregulation, and Affective Temperaments in Adults With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Cyclothymia.

This study aims to explore the relationships between delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD) and emotional dysregulation in 240 patients (134 with cyclothymia, 81 with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD] and 25 with both conditions). DSPD was assessed using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, followed by a clinical evaluation. Affective temperaments and emotional dysregulation were also investigated through the brief version of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego and the Reactivity, Intensity, Polarity, Stability questionnaires, respectively.

Reliability and construct validity of a composite pain scale for rabbit (CANCRS) in a clinical environment.

A composite pain scale for assessing and quantifying pain in rabbits (CANCRS) has been designed merging the Rabbit Grimace Scale (RbtGS) and a scale including clinical parameters (CPS). Construct validity and inter-rater reliability were assessed for CANCRS, for RbtGS and for CPS, in order to test their potential to detect pain in a clinical setting. Rabbits (n = 116) were either hybrids or purebreds and they were independently evaluated by two raters, who could be veterinarians (V) or veterinary medicine students (S).

Bilateral Pentadactyly in an Immature Alpine Swift ().

An immature Alpine swift () that presented to a wildlife rehabilitation center was observed to have bilateral pentadactyly on examination. The supernumerary digits did not appear to cause discomfort for the bird, and no motor deficits were apparent. The skin and nails of the digits appeared normal.

Comparison of different methods of semen cryopreservation in Melopsittacus undulatus.

Melopsittacus undulatus is largely used as a potential model for assisted reproduction in other endangered parrot species. Semen was collected from nineteen healthy adult males, by massage technique, during the breeding season. After preliminary evaluations through CASA analysis, eight birds were selected as semen donors and five ejaculates of each bird were utilized to evaluate the effect of 10% ethylene glycol (EG) addition, in two times, during 40min of equilibration time at 4°C, and to compare two programmable freezing curves (a rapid and a slow temperature descent rate) and freezing on nitrogen vapors.

Comparison of celioscopy and histological examinations to assess male gonadal health and functionality in adults and immature wild raptors.

Celioscopy is routinely used in birds for sex determination and diagnostic purposes. Aim of this work was to validate celioscopy for the assessment of male gonads functionality in wild raptors, comparing the results of direct observation with morphometrical and histological characteristics. The work was done at the 'Centro Animali Non Convenzionali' of the University of Turin, Italy, on 31 endoscopically evaluated raptors that died or were euthanized.

Long-term lithium treatment in bipolar disorder: effects on glomerular filtration rate and other metabolic parameters.

Background: Concerns about potential adverse effects of long-term exposure to lithium as a mood-stabilizing treatment notably include altered renal function. However, the incidence of severe renal dysfunction; rate of decline over time; effects of lithium dose, serum concentration, and duration of treatment; relative effects of lithium exposure vs. aging; and contributions of sex and other factors all remain unclear.

Semen Collection and Spermatozoa Characteristics in the Kea Parrot (Nestor notabilis).

We describe the seminal characteristics of the kea parrot (Nestor notabilis), an endangered species endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Semen was collected in the full breeding season from 6 birds in the collection of an amateur aviculturist. The manual massage technique was used.

Semen evaluation in four autochthonous wild raptor species using computer-aided sperm analyzer.

At least 10 percent of the approximately 300 species of the order Falconiformes are listed as being globally threatened. The present work describes the seminal characteristics of three diurnal and one nocturnal raptor species. Semen was collected from clinically healthy Accipiter nisus (n = 1), Falco subbuteo (n = 6), and Falco tinnunculus (n = 5) adult males that were housed at the 'Centro Animali Non Convenzionali' of the Department of Veterinary Sciences of the University of Turin.