Publications by authors named "Giuseppe Gentile"

In children with acute leukemia (AL), the mortality rate from carbapenemase (KPC)-producing bloodstream infection (KPC-KpBSI) exceeds 50%, highest when active treatment is delayed. Neutropenic KPC- carriers are at high risk of KPC-KpBSI, and preemptive empiric antibiotic treatment (EAT) of febrile neutropenic episodes (FNEs) active against KPC- may reduce this mortality. We conducted an 8-year (2014-2021) retrospective observational study of 112 febrile neutropenic episodes (FNEs) in 32 children with AL who were KPC- carriers: standard EAT for 39 FNEs and active EAT for 73 FNEs (52 ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZAVI)-based and 21 colistin-based combinations, and 5 CAZAVI monotherapy).

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In the field of heterogeneous organic catalysis, molybdenum disulfide (MoS) is gaining increasing attention as a catalytically active material due to its low toxicity, earth abundance, and affordability. Interestingly, the catalytic properties of this metal-based material can be improved by several strategies. In this Perspective, through the analysis of some explicative examples, the main approaches used to prepare highly efficient MoS-based catalysts in relevant organic reactions are summarized and critically discussed, namely: i) increment of the specific surface area, ii) generation of the metallic 1T phase, iii) introduction of vacancies, iv) preparation of nanostructured hybrids/composites, v) doping with transition metal ions, and vi) partial oxidation of MoS.

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Novel biomarkers reflecting the degree of immunosuppression in transplant patients are required to ensure eventual personalized equilibrium between rejection and infection risks. With the above aim, Torque Teno Virus (TTV) viremia was precisely examined in a large cohort of transplanted immunocompromised patients (192 hematological and 60 solid organ transplant recipients) being monitored for Cytomegalovirus reactivation. TTV load was measured in 2612 plasma samples from 448 patients.

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Article Synopsis
  • Intracoronary acetylcholine testing can trigger coronary artery spasms in patients with angina but non-obstructive coronary artery disease, although individual impacts are unclear.
  • This study involved 81 patients categorized into three groups (CAS, CMVS, and NEG) based on testing responses, and all underwent exercise stress tests before and after nitrate administration.
  • Results indicated no significant differences in stress test outcomes across groups, suggesting that both coronary spasms may similarly affect exercise-induced angina and ischemia.
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Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and viral reactivations of clinical interest in the immunocompromised patient with particular focus on hematologic and solid organ transplant recipients.

Methods: Molecular screening data of CMV, EBV, JCV and BKV from 2011 to 2023 were analyzed. This extensive time span allowed the access to more than 100,000 samples from over 20,000 patients treated at Policlinico Umberto I.

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In this paper, the synthesis of a novel tetra-phenol π-extended dihydrophenazine is reported. The obtained derivative presents marked reducing properties in the excited state and was exploited as an organo-photocatalyst in dehalogenation and C-C bond formation reactions. These results underline the great potential of functionalized π-extended dihydrophenazines as organo-photocatalysts.

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Studies from high endemic areas, mostly China, indicate that surface antigen positive (HBsAg) chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is associated with an increased risk of developing diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), whereas studies in low endemic areas have provided conflicting results. Past infection, serologically defined by negative HBsAg and positive anti-core antibody (HBsAgHBcAb), has also been suggested to increase the risk of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in high endemic areas. We retrospectively reviewed unselected clinical records of 253 patients with DLBCL (54% male, aged 60.

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2H-MoS is an appealing semiconductor because of its Earth-abundant nature, cheapness, and low toxicity. This material has shown promising catalytic activity for various energy-related processes, but its use in catalysis for C-C bond forming reactions towards useful organic compounds is still largely unexplored. The lack of examples in organic synthesis is mainly due to the intrinsic difficulties of using bulk 2H-MoS (e.

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In 2021, Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 307 (ST307) strains causing pulmonary and bloodstream infections identified in a hospital in Rome, Italy, reached high levels of resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA). One of these strains reached high levels of resistance to both CZA and carbapenems and carried two copies of and one copy of located on plasmid pKpQIL. The genomes and plasmids of CZA-resistant ST307 strains were analyzed to identify the molecular mechanisms leading to the evolution of resistance and compared with ST307 genomes at local and global levels.

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Article Synopsis
  • Patients with blood cancers and a history of hepatitis B face a risk of the virus reactivating, especially when treated with the drug ruxolitinib, which is used for myeloproliferative neoplasms.
  • Despite the moderate reactivation risk (1-10%) during ruxolitinib treatment, there are no strong guidelines for HBV prevention in these patients.
  • The report details a case of a patient with primary myelofibrosis who experienced HBV reactivation after stopping their preventive medication, highlighting the need for ongoing HBV protection when using ruxolitinib.
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A light-driven metal-free protocol for the synthesis of sulfone-containing indoles under mild conditions is reported. Specifically, the process is driven by the photochemical activity of halogen-bonded complexes formed upon complexation of a sacrificial donor, namely 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.

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Purpose: To evaluate the benefits and safety of the empiric antibiotic treatment (EAT) active against KPC- in febrile neutropenic patients with acute leukaemia (AL) who are colonised by KPC-

Patients And Methods: A 7-year (2013-2019) retrospective observational cohort study was conducted at the Haematology, Sapienza Rome University (Italy) on 94 febrile neutropenia episodes (FNE) in AL patients KPC- carriers treated with active EAT.

Results: Eighty-two (87%) FNE were empirically treated with antibiotic combinations [38 colistin-based and 44 ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZAVI)-based], 12 with CAZAVI monotherapy. Successful outcomes were observed in 88/94 (94%) FNE, 46/49 (94%) microbiologically documented infections, and 24/27 (89%) gram-negative bloodstream infections (GNB-BSI).

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Amine-rich carbon dots (NCDs) have become promising nano-aminocatalytic platforms in organic synthesis. These nanomaterials can be effectively produced through straightforward bottom-up approaches using inexpensive nitrogen-containing molecular precursors as a starting material. However, to date, there is still a limited understanding of how the molecular features of these precursors affect the catalytic activity of the resulting nanoparticles.

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The development of novel and effective metal-free catalytic systems, which can drive value-added organic transformations in environmentally benign solvents (for instance, water), is highly desirable. Moreover, these new catalysts need to be harmless, easy-to-prepare, and potentially recyclable. In this context, amine-rich carbon dots (CDs) have recently emerged as promising nano-catalytic platforms.

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COVID19 in patients affected by lymphoma represents an important challenge because of the higher mortality rate. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies (anti-S MoAbs) appear promising in this setting. We report a monocentric retrospective study including 176 patients affected by lymphoma which developed SARS-CoV-2 infection since the start of COVID19 pandemic.

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Recently, the field of dual photocatalysis has grown rapidly, to become one of the most powerful tools for the functionalization of organic molecules under mild conditions. In particular, the merging of Earth-abundant nickel-based catalytic systems with visible-light-activated photoredox catalysts has allowed the development of a number of unique green synthetic approaches. This goes in the direction of ensuring an effective and sustainable chemical production, while safeguarding human health and environment.

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Objectives: During the lockdown that started in Italy on 10 March 2020 to address the COVID-19 pandemic, aggressive procedures were implemented to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission in SARS-CoV-2-negative patients with haematological malignancies. These efforts progressively reduced carbapenemase-producing (KPC-KP) spread among these patients. Here we evaluated the potential effects of measures against COVID-19 that reduced KPC-KP transmission.

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Background: KPC-K.pneumoniae bloodstream infection (KPC-KpBSI) mortality rate in patients with hematological malignancies is reported about 60%. The initial treatment active against KPC-K.

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Phenols (I) are extremely relevant chemical functionalities in natural, synthetic and industrial chemistry. Their corresponding electron-rich anions, namely phenolates (I), are characterized by interesting physicochemical properties that can be drastically altered upon light excitation. Specifically, phenolates (I) become strong reducing agents in the excited state and are able to generate reactive radicals from suitable precursors via single-electron transfer processes.

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Ibrutinib represents extraordinary progress in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, treatment-related adverse events limit the benefit of this agent. This observational, multicenter study focused on the incidence, risk factors, and prognostic impact of infections in 494 patients with CLL treated with an ibrutinib-based treatment.

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This letter to the editor remarks on the article by Cheng et al., which reported results of a retrospective study that assessed 5‐year progression‐free and overall survival (OS) of 98 patients with hepatitis B surface antigen–seropositive patients receiving R‐CHOP‐21 as remission induction for diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma.

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