Unveiling the Role of Cross-Cultural and Cognitive Differences in Organizational Learning Mechanism of Technology-Acquiring Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions: Evidence From Emerging Market Enterprises.

In recent years, cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) of emerging market enterprises (EMEs) have increased rapidly, and many cross-border M&A have been conducted in the United States, Western Europe, and other developed countries. This new type of technology-acquiring cross-border M&A has several unique features. In particular, the cross-cultural differences between the home country and the host country and the cognitive differences between emerging markets and developed markets pose a huge challenge to the organizational learning of technology-acquiring cross-border M&A of enterprises from emerging markets.

Factors Involved on Tiger-Stripe Foliar Symptom Expression of Esca of Grapevine.

Esca of grapevine causes yield losses correlated with incidence and severity symptom expression. Factors associated with leaf symptom mechanisms are yet to be fully clarified. Therefore, in 2019 and 2020, macro and microelement analyses and leaf reflectance measurements were carried out on leaves at different growth stages in a vineyard located in Abruzzo, central Italy.