A Velocity-Based Approach to Noninvasive Methodology for Urodynamic Analysis.

Purpose: To date, invasive urodynamic investigations have been used to define most terms and conditions relating to lower urinary tract symptoms. This invasiveness is almost totally due to the urethral catheter. In order to remove this source of discomfort for patients, the present study investigated a noninvasive methodology able to provide diagnostic information on bladder outlet obstruction or detrusor underactivity without any contact with the human body.

Prostate Cancer Characteristics in Renal Transplant Recipients: A 25-Year Experience From a Single Centre.

The incidence of prostate cancer in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) is increasing, but few data are available in the literature. In this study, we reviewed the 25-year experience in the management of prostate cancer after kidney transplantation at the Florence Transplant Centre. We retrospectively reviewed the data from 617 RTR male patients who underwent renal transplantation at our institute between July 1996 and September 2016.

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Detection of Microchimerism in Female Transplant Renal Recipients.

Introduction: Microchimerism (MC) is the presence of a small amount of foreign cells or DNA within a person's circulation or tissues. It has been identified also in recipients of solid organ transplants where it seems to be critical for the development and maintenance of immunological tolerance. Nevertheless, natural and/or iatrogenic MC can be acquired prior to transplantation, through pregnancy and/or blood transfusion.

Sexual Rehabilitation After Nerve-Sparing Radical Prostatectomy: Free-of-Charge Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor Administration Improves Compliance to Treatment.

Background: In December 2006, the region of Tuscany (Italy) authorized the free-of-charge provision of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5I) for all patients with Tuscan citizenship who undergo nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy (NSRP).

Objective: To compare sexual rehabilitation outcomes in patients with low risk of erectile dysfunction and minimal comorbidities who received PDE5Is free of charge (PDE5I-F) with those who paid for PDE5Is (PDE5I-P) after bilateral NSRP.

Methods: We reviewed prospectively recorded clinical data of 2,368 patients with Tuscan (PDE5I-F) and non-Tuscan (PDE5I-P) citizenship treated with NSRP at 3 different institutions in Tuscany from 2008 to 2013.

Long-term experience with a novel uterine-sparing transvaginal mesh procedure for uterovaginal prolapse.

Objectives: To evaluate outcomes and quality of life in patients operated transvaginally with an original mesh shape for uterus-sparing prolapse surgery and to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of the technique.

Study Design: We prospectively evaluated 66 postmenopausal patients (POP-Q Stage III: 32, IV: 34) operated between May 2008 and December 2013. We used wide weave polypropylene monofilament mesh that functions as a hammock anchored posteriorly to sacrospinous ligaments, its anterior wings exit the pelvis through the obturatory membrane.

Long-term complications arising from bowel interposition in the urinary tract.

After radical cystectomy or pathologies affecting the ureter(s), bowel segments can be employed to restore the natural urine flow or to create an external urinary diversion. Nevertheless, the interposition of bowel segments in the urinary tract is not devoid of complications. In fact, bowel's microstructure differs from the urothelium; specifically its mucosa is aimed at reabsorption, rather than storage.

A contemporary series of renal masses with emphasis on recently recognized entities and tumors of low malignant potential: A report based on 624 consecutive tumors from a single tertiary center.

Introduction: A number of new renal tumor entities have been recognized by the 2016 World Health Organization classification of urologic tumors. The classification includes tumors with different behavior and introduces one tumor with low malignant potential, the multilocular cystic clear cell renal cell neoplasm of low malignant potential (mcCCRCNLMP). However, some categories still labeled as "carcinoma", such as clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma (CCPRCC), renal angioleiomyomatous tumor (RAT), and tubulocystic carcinoma (TCRCC), all with a particularly good prognosis when diagnosed as low stage, show no malignant behavior: in fact, no metastases have been reported in these categories when surgically excised.

Conservative approach for a solitary fibrous tumor of the kidney.

Introduction: Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) of the kidney represents a rare neoplasm, and its malignant potential seems to be scarce. Classically, a radical nephrectomy is regarded as the treatment of choice for this condition.

Case Report: We present the case of a 37-year-old male patient who underwent left robotic clampless partial nephrectomy of an SFT of the kidney.

Use of sigmoid colon in orthotopic neobladder reconstruction: Long-term results.

Objectives: To present our experience with a sigmoid orthotopic neobladder.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the functional and oncological outcomes of 160 patients who underwent orthotopic neobladder reconstruction using a detubularized 20-25-cm sigmoid segment at our institution. Each patient was evaluated every 3 months the first year, every 6 months for the next 4 years and annually thereafter.

[Surgical overview on kidney and pancreas transplantation].

The main purpose of this paper, written by a group of Italian expert transplant surgeons, is to provide clinical support and to help through the decision-making process over pre-transplant surgical procedures in potential kidney recipients, as well as selection of pancreas transplant candidates and perioperative management of kidney recipient. Current topics such as different approaches in minimally invasive donor nephrectomy, methods of graft preservation and treatment of failed allograft were addressed.

Minimally Invasive Transanal Repair of Rectourethral Fistulas.

Background: Rectourethral fistulas (RUFs) represent an uncommon complication of pelvic surgery, especially radical prostatectomy. To date there is no standardised treatment for managing RUFs. This represents a challenge for surgeons, mainly because of the potential recurrence risk.

Conservative Treatment of Serous Borderline Paratesticular Tumor in a Pediatric Patient.

Serous borderline tumors are rare neoplasms. Herein we report our conservative approach, whose rationale is neoplasm low-malignant potential. Tumor was removed under general anesthesia, and frozen section ruled out a germinal malignancy or a stromal tumor such as rhabdomyosarcoma.

The impact of prior TURP on radical prostatectomy surgical margins: a multicenter analysis.

Objective: To analyze positive surgical margins (PSM) after radical prostatectomy (RP) in the overall population and in patients previously treated with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

Materials And Methods: 2,408 patients treated with RP for clinically localized prostate cancer (PCa) were consecutively enrolled in 135 departments. We correlated PSM rates and all preoperative, surgical and pathological features.

Predictive factors of [18F]-Choline PET/CT in 170 patients with increasing PSA after primary radical treatment.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential usefulness of [18F]-Choline PET/CT in the restaging of prostate cancer patients, who presented a rising PSA.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated 170 prostate cancer patients, previously radically treated, that were referred for restaging with [18F]-Choline PET/CT.

Results: A total of 129 patients (median PSA 4.

Adjuvant and salvage radiotherapy after prostatectomy: outcome analysis of 307 patients with prostate cancer.

Aim: In men with adverse pathology after radical prostatectomy, the most appropriate timing to administer radiotherapy (RT) remains a topic of debate. We analyzed in terms of efficacy, prognostic factors and toxicity the two therapeutic strategies: immediate postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) and salvage radiotherapy (SART).

Materials And Methods: Between January 1995 and November 2010, 307 patients underwent adjuvant or salvage radiotherapy, after prostatectomy.

The challenging diagnosis of the rhabdoid carcinoma of the pelvis: a case report with literature review.

Rhabdoid tumor is an uncommon neoplasia characterized by a monotonous population of large, noncohesive cells with vesicular nuclei and large nucleoli. The misleading name was originally suggested because of the striking morphologic resemblance to other skeletal muscle tumors, but neither ultrastructural nor immunohistochemical features support a myogenic origin for this tumor. The rhabdoid tumors of the kidney in pediatric age are characterized by mutation or deletion of 22q11.

Polypoid intestinal metaplasia of the external urethral meatus.

A 33-year-old male patient presented with a 1.5-cm polypoid lesion at the edge of the urethral meatus that showed a gross appearance similar to that of a urethral caruncle in the female. The histological features revealed a superficially ulcerated lesion composed of colonic-type mucosal glands with focal regenerative atypia.

Factors predicting continence recovery 1 month after radical prostatectomy: results of a multicenter survey.

Objectives: To assess the factors associated with continence recovery 1 month after radical prostatectomy (RP) and to identify the correlation between these factors.

Methods: In total, 2408 men treated with RP for prostate cancer (PCa) were enrolled in the present multicenter prospective study. Clinical (age, body mass index) and urological (catheterization or transurethral resection of the prostate) records, quality of life (QOL) scores determined using various instruments (including the International Index of Erectile Function [IIEF] and University of California Los Angeles, Prostate Cancer Index [UCLA-PCI]), PCa characteristics (clinical stage [cT], prostate-specific antigen, biopsy Gleason score), surgical features (surgical approach, nerve and bladder neck sparing, catheterization), and pathologic outcomes (pT, pN+, Gleason score, positive surgical margins) were recorded.

The impact of mid-urethral slings for the treatment of urodynamic stress incontinence on female sexual function: a multicenter prospective study.

Introduction: Urinary incontinence is a common condition that negatively impacts on female sexuality (FS).

Aim: To evaluate FS before and after a mid-urethral sling (MUS) procedure using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). We included women that were both sexually and nonsexually active at baseline.

Patients' desire to preserve sexual activity and final decision for a nerve-sparing approach: results from the MIRROR (Multicenter Italian Report on Radical Prostatectomy Outcomes and Research) Study.

Introduction: Preservation of sexual function after surgery represents a major issue for patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP).

Aim: To investigate determinants of patients' desire to preserve sexual activity before RP and surgeons' final decision to perform a nerve-sparing RP (NSRP).

Methods:   Overall, 2,408 prostate cancer patients, candidates to RP, from 136 urologic departments across the Italian territory were evaluated in a multicenter prospective observational study.