Inhibition of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Replication by Hypertonic Saline Solution in Lung and Kidney Epithelial Cells.

An unprecedented global health crisis has been caused by a new virus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We performed experiments to test if a hypertonic saline solution was capable of inhibiting virus replication. Our data show that 1.

Echocardiographic Follow-up of Perinatally HIV-infected Children and Adolescents: Results From a Single-center Retrospective Cohort Study in Brazil.

Background: The effects of HIV and antiretroviral therapy on cardiovascular system of perinatally infected children throughout their development are not fully understood.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cardiac abnormalities in a retrospective cohort of perinatally HIV-infected patients and to investigate associations between echocardiographic and clinical data during their follow-up.

Methods: Review of medical records and echocardiogram reports of 148 perinatally HIV-infected patients between January 1991 and December 2015.

HIV-infected youths transitioning from pediatric to adult outpatient care in a teaching tertiary care hospital in São Paulo city, Brazil.

Background: HIV-infected children surviving until adulthood have been transitioning to adult outpatient health care service in Brazil since the late 2000's. Deterioration of clinical condition is expected during this period, as reported among youths with non-communicable chronic diseases. Despite their young age, they are long-term hosts of the virus, have prolonged exposure to antiretroviral therapy and have suffered from the social determinants and stigma of HIV infection since early childhood.

Complete Genome Sequences of Five Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Isolates Collected in Brazil.

Here, we present the complete genome sequences of five human respiratory syncytial virus isolates collected from hospitalized infants suffering from acute respiratory disease. These are the first five complete genome sequences of human respiratory syncytial virus to originate from Brazil.

Complete Genome Sequence of a Human Metapneumovirus Isolate Collected in Brazil.

Here, we present the complete genome sequence of a human metapneumovirus isolate collected from a hospitalized infant suffering from acute respiratory disease. This is the first complete genome sequence of human metapneumovirus originating from Brazil.

Complete Genome Sequences of Two Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 Isolates Collected in Brazil.

Here, we present the complete genome sequences of two human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV-3) isolates collected from hospitalized infants suffering from acute respiratory disease. These are the first complete genome sequences of HPIV-3 originating from Brazil.

Human parainfluenza virus surveillance in pediatric patients with lower respiratory tract infections: a special view of parainfluenza type 4.

Objective: Characterize the role of human parainfluenza virus and its clinical features in Brazilian children under 2 years of age presenting with acute lower respiratory tract infections.

Methods: Real-time assays were used to identify strains of human parainfluenza virus and other common respiratory viruses in nasopharyngeal aspirates. One thousand and two children presenting with acute lower respiratory tract illnesses were enrolled from February 2008 to August 2010.

Poor outcome of acute respiratory infection in young children with underlying health condition in Brazil.

Objectives: It is well established that respiratory viruses are an important cause of hospitalizations in young children worldwide, but data are limited on the contribution of specific viruses to severe illness in South America. We describe clinical and laboratory findings from prospective surveillance for acute respiratory infections at a tertiary hospital in São Paulo, Brazil.

Methods: We screened children < 2 years old with acute respiratory tract infections admitted to an urban tertiary hospital for respiratory viruses from March 2008 through February 2010, using polymerase chain reaction assays.

Clinical and epidemiological aspects related to the detection of adenovirus or respiratory syncytial virus in infants hospitalized for acute lower respiratory tract infection.

Objective: To characterize and compare clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory aspects of infants with acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) associated with the detection of adenovirus (ADV) or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

Methods: A preliminary respiratory infection surveillance study collected samples of nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) for viral research, linked to the completion of a standard protocol, from children younger than two years admitted to a university hospital with ALRI, between March of 2008 and August of 2011. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for eight viruses: ADV, RSV, metapneumovirus, Parainfluenza 1, 2, and 3, and Influenza A and B.