Tracheal Diameter and Respiratory Outcome in Infants with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Treated by Fetal Endoscopic Tracheal Occlusion.

Aim: To evaluate tracheal diameters and their clinical impact in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) after fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion (FETO).

Methods: Patients born with CDH between January 2012 and August 2016 were divided into two groups: noFETO and FETO. Tracheal diameters at three levels (T1, carina, and maximum tracheal dilation) on chest X-ray at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months of follow-up, requirements of invasive and noninvasive respiratory support, the incidence of respiratory infections, and results of pulmonary function tests (PFT) were compared.

Static and dynamic components of esophageal and central venous pressure during intra-abdominal hypertension.

Objective: To investigate the effects of intra-abdominal hypertension on esophageal and central venous pressure considering values obtained at end-expiration (i.e., in static conditions) and during tidal volume delivery (i.

Prone position delays the progression of ventilator-induced lung injury in rats: does lung strain distribution play a role?

Objective: To investigate if prone position delays the progression of experimental ventilator-induced lung injury, possibly due to a more homogeneous distribution of strain within lung parenchyma.

Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled trial.

Setting: Animal laboratory of a university hospital.

Positive end-expiratory pressure delays the progression of lung injury during ventilator strategies involving high airway pressure and lung overdistention.

Objective: Many studies have investigated the protective role of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on ventilator-induced lung injury. Most assessed lung injury in protocols involving different ventilation strategies applied for the same length of time. This study, however, set out to investigate the protective role of PEEP with respect to the time needed to reach similar levels of lung injury.