The Pivotal Role of Baseline LDCT for Lung Cancer Screening in the Era of Artificial Intelligence.

In this narrative review, we address the ongoing challenges of lung cancer (LC) screening using chest low-dose computerized tomography (LDCT) and explore the contributions of artificial intelligence (AI), in overcoming them. We focus on evaluating the initial (baseline) LDCT examination, which provides a wealth of information relevant to the screening participant's health. This includes the detection of large-size prevalent LC and small-size malignant nodules that are typically diagnosed as LCs upon growth in subsequent annual LDCT scans.

The Azygos Esophageal Recess Is Not to Be Missed in Screening Lung Cancer With LDCT.

Purpose: Lesion overlooking and late diagnostic workup can compromise the efficacy of low-dose CT (LDCT) screening of lung cancer (LC), implying more advanced and less curable disease stages. We hypothesized that the azygos esophageal recess (AER) of the right lower lobe (RLL) might be an area prone to lesion overlooking in LC screening.

Materials And Methods: Two radiologists reviewed the LDCT examinations of all the screen-detected incident LCs observed in the active arm of 2 randomized clinical trials: ITALUNG and national lung screening trial.

Large cell carcinoma of the lung: LDCT features and survival in screen-detected cases.

Purpose: To investigate the early radiological features and survival of Large Cell Carcinoma (LCC) cases diagnosed in low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening trials.

Methods: Two radiologists jointly reviewed the radiological features of screen-detected LCCs observed in NLST, ITALUNG, and LUSI trials between 2002 and 2016, comprising a total of 29,744 subjects who underwent 3-5 annual screening LDCT examinations. Survival or causes of death were established according to the mortality registries extending more than 12 years since randomization.