Minimal prevalence of HPV vaccination and common occurrence of high-risk HPV types in pregnant women with HIV: data from a national study in Italy.

Among 733 pregnant women with HIV followed between 2013 and 2021, only 8 (1.1%) had prior HPV vaccination. One had low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions [LSIL], and none had HPV type information.

CD4/CD8 ratio in pregnant women with HIV and its association with pregnancy outcome: data from a national study in Italy.

Purpose: To evaluate associations between CD4/CD8 ratio and pregnancy outcomes in women with HIV.

Methods: We evaluated, in a national study of pregnant women with HIV receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART), values of CD4/CD8 ratio at entry in pregnancy, changes between first and third trimester, and possible associations with preterm delivery, low birthweight, and HIV-RNA < 50 copies/ml at third trimester in univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results: Among 934 women, 536 (57.

Weight gain during pregnancy in women with HIV receiving different antiretroviral regimens.

Background: No published studies have evaluated in pregnant women with HIV weight gain with different antiretroviral drug classes.

Methods: Data from a national cohort study were used. We compared absolute weight gain and occurrence of excessive weight gain in women with HIV who received during pregnancy integrase inhibitors (INSTI), protease inhibitors (PI), or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI).

Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in women with HIV-1 exposed to integrase inhibitors, protease inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors: an observational study.

Purpose: Recommended regimens for pregnant women with HIV-1 are composed of two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) plus either a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (PI) or an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (ISTI), with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) representing an alternative drug class. The study's purpose was to compare these three options in terms of pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: Data from a national observational study of pregnant women with HIV-1 were used.

Pregnancy Loss in Women with HIV is not Associated with HIV Markers: Data from a National Study in Italy, 2001-2018.

Background: There is limited information on pregnancy loss in women with HIV, and it is still debated whether HIV-related markers may play a role.Objectives: To explore potential risk factors for pregnancy loss in women with HIV, with particular reference to modifiable risk factors and markers of HIV disease.

Methods: Multicenter observational study of HIV-positive pregnant women.

Rubella serosurvey and factors related to vaccine hesitancy in childbearing women in Italy.

Voluntary termination of pregnancy (VTP), pre-conception and post-partum phases, as well as Occupational Medicine consultation for healthcare workers are opportunities for screening and vaccinating rubella seronegative childbearing women. However, data about vaccination acceptance following these phases is rarely reported. A retrospective study over a 2-year period (2016-2017) was performed, evaluating the prevalence of rubella seronegative women which underwent VTP (wVTP), mothers in early puerperal phase (mEPP) and childbearing healthcare workers (CbHW) aged 15-49 years.

Vaginal delivery in women with HIV in Italy: results of 5 years of implementation of the national SIGO-HIV protocol.

Purpose: To evaluate the maternal and neonatal safety of vaginal delivery in women with HIV following the implementation of a national protocol in Italy.

Methods: Vaginal delivery was offered to all eligible women who presented antenatally at twelve participating clinical sites. Data collection and definition of outcomes followed the procedures of the National Program on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy.

Brief Report: Abacavir/Lamivudine and Tenofovir/Emtricitabine in Pregnant Women With HIV: Laboratory and Clinical Outcomes in an Observational National Study.

Background: Abacavir-lamivudine (ABC/3TC) and tenofovir-emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) represent in the guidelines of several countries, including Italy and United States, the preferred nucleoside/nucleotide backbones of antiretroviral regimens. We assessed their profile in pregnancy using data from a national observational study.

Methods: Laboratory measures (CD4, HIV-RNA, lipid profile, glucose, hemoglobin, and alanine transferase) and pregnancy outcomes (preterm delivery, low birthweight, nonelective cesarean section, birthweight Z-score, congenital defects, HIV transmission, maternal weight gain, and pregnancy complications) were compared after prenatal exposure to ABC/3TC or TDF/FTC.

Evolving treatment implementation among HIV-infected pregnant women and their partners: results from a national surveillance study in Italy, 2001-2015.

Background: The current global and national indications for antiretroviral treatment (ART, usually triple combination therapy) in adolescent and adults, including pregnant women, recommend early ART before immunologic decline, pre-exposure chemoprophylaxis (PrEP), and treatment of HIV-negative partners in serodiscordant couples. There is limited information on the implementation of these recommendations among pregnant women with HIV and their partners.

Methods: The present analysis was performed in 2016, using data from clinical records of pregnant women with HIV, followed between 2001 and 2015 at hospital or university clinics within a large, nationally representative Italian cohort study.

HBV coinfection is associated with reduced CD4 response to antiretroviral treatment in pregnancy.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection on response to antiretroviral treatment in pregnant women with HIV.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of a large case series of pregnant women with HIV in Italy; outcome measures were CD4 changes, HIV viral load, and main pregnancy outcomes (preterm delivery, low birthweight, intrauterine growth restriction, mode of delivery, and major birth defects).

Results: Rate of HBV coinfection among 1462 pregnancies was 12.

Maternal risk factors for abnormal vaginal flora during pregnancy.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of abnormal vaginal flora during pregnancy and associated maternal risk factors.

Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken of cervicovaginal smears performed on pregnant women at a center in Turin, Italy, between 2000 and 2010. Patients were divided into three groups: women with symptoms of genital infections (G1), asymptomatic women at risk of preterm birth (G2), and asymptomatic women with no risk (G3).

Prevention of Primary Cytomegalovirus Infection in Pregnancy.

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the leading infectious agent causing congenital sensorineural hearing loss and psychomotor retardation. CMV vaccine is currently unavailable and treatment options in pregnancy are limited. Susceptible pregnant women caring for children are at high risk for primary infection.

Brief Report: Consequences of Presentation With Advanced HIV Disease in Pregnancy: Data From a National Study in Italy.

Among 469 women with a diagnosis of HIV in pregnancy, 74 (15.8%) presented with less than 200 CD4 cells per cubic millimeter. The only variable significantly associated with this occurrence was African origin (odds ratio: 2.

Atazanavir and lopinavir profile in pregnant women with HIV: tolerability, activity and pregnancy outcomes in an observational national study.

Background: Atazanavir and lopinavir represent the main HIV protease inhibitors recommended in pregnancy, but comparative data in pregnant women are limited.

Methods: Women from a national observational study, exposed in pregnancy to either atazanavir or lopinavir, were compared for glucose and lipid profiles, liver function tests, CD4 count, HIV RNA and main pregnancy outcomes. Statistical methods included univariate and multivariable analyses.

Pregnancy outcomes in HIV-infected women of advanced maternal age.

Background: There is limited information on pregnancy outcomes in women with HIV who are of a more advanced maternal age.

Methods: Data from a national observational study in Italy were used to evaluate the risk of nonelective cesarean section, preterm delivery, low birthweight, major birth defects, and small gestational age-adjusted birthweight according to maternal age (<35 and ≥35 years, respectively).

Results: Among 1,375 pregnancies with live births, 82.

Glucose plasma levels and pregnancy outcomes in women with HIV.

Background: There is limited information on the relation between glucose levels in pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes in HIV-infected pregnant women.

Objective: To evaluate the potential impact of fasting glucose levels on pregnancy outcomes in a large sample of pregnant women with HIV from a national study, adjusting for potential confounders.

Methods: Data from the Italian National Program on Surveillance on Antiretroviral Treatment in Pregnancy were used.

Decreased mitochondrial DNA content in subcutaneous fat from HIV-infected women taking antiretroviral therapy as measured at delivery.

Background: Increasing numbers of pregnant HIV-positive women are receiving combination antiretroviral regimens for preventing mother-to-child virus transmission or for treating the infection itself. Several studies have demonstrated that nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) induce mitochondrial toxicity by several mechanisms, including depletion of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). By the quantification of mtDNA levels, we studied mitochondrial toxicity in HIV-positive women at delivery and the possible correlations with antiretroviral regimens, viroimmunological and metabolic parameters.