Acute esophageal necrosis following cardiac arrest: A rare and lethal syndrome with diagnostic challenges.

Introduction And Clinical Relevance: Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN) is a condition characterized by the necrosis of the distal portion of the esophageal mucosa. Risk factors predisposing to this condition are associated to compromised vascular perfusion (e.g.

Dexamethasone and postoperative analgesia in minimally invasive thoracic surgery: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Dexamethasone is commonly used for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and recent reviews suggest a role for dexamethasone in postoperative analgesia. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of dexamethasone as an analgesic adjuvant in minimally invasive thoracic surgery. Primary outcome was morphine consumption 24 h after surgery; secondary outcomes were pain control, measured as numeric rating scale (NRS), glycemic changes, PONV, and surgical wound infection.

Addition of 5% CO to Inspiratory Gas Prevents Lung Injury in an Experimental Model of Pulmonary Artery Ligation.

Unilateral ligation of the pulmonary artery may induce lung injury through multiple mechanisms, which might be dampened by inhaled CO. This study aims to characterize bilateral lung injury owing to unilateral ligation of the pulmonary artery in healthy swine undergoing controlled mechanical ventilation and its prevention by 5% CO inhalation and to investigate relevant pathophysiological mechanisms. Sixteen healthy pigs were allocated to surgical ligation of the left pulmonary artery (ligation group), seven to surgical ligation of the left pulmonary artery and inhalation of 5% CO (ligation + Fi 5%), and six to no intervention (no ligation).

Unmatched ventilation and perfusion measured by electrical impedance tomography predicts the outcome of ARDS.

Background: In acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), non-ventilated perfused regions coexist with non-perfused ventilated regions within lungs. The number of unmatched regions might reflect ARDS severity and affect the risk of ventilation-induced lung injury. Despite pathophysiological relevance, unmatched ventilation and perfusion are not routinely assessed at the bedside.

Atelectasis, Shunt, and Worsening Oxygenation Following Reduction of Respiratory Rate in Healthy Pigs Undergoing ECMO: An Experimental Lung Imaging Study.

Reducing the respiratory rate during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) decreases the mechanical power, but it might induce alveolar de-recruitment. Dissecting de-recruitment due to lung edema vs. the fraction due to hypoventilation may be challenging in injured lungs.

Potential for Lung Recruitment and Ventilation-Perfusion Mismatch in Patients With the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome From Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Objectives: Severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 develop the acute respiratory distress syndrome, requiring admission to the ICU. This study aimed to describe specific pathophysiological characteristics of acute respiratory distress syndrome from coronavirus disease 2019.

Design: Prospective crossover physiologic study.

Paracrine effect of regulatory T cells promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation during pregnancy and after myocardial infarction.

Cardiomyocyte proliferation stops at birth when the heart is no longer exposed to maternal blood and, likewise, to regulatory T cells (Tregs) that are expanded to promote maternal tolerance towards the fetus. Here, we report a role of Tregs in promoting cardiomyocyte proliferation. Treg-conditioned medium promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation, similar to the serum from pregnant animals.