Application of international consensus diagnostic criteria to an Italian series of autoimmune pancreatitis.

Background: International consensus diagnostic criteria (ICDC) have been proposed to classify autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) in type 1, type 2, or not otherwise specified.

Objective: Aim was to apply the ICDC to an Italian series of patients to evaluate the incidence and clinical profiles among different subtypes of AIP.

Methods: we re-evaluated and classified 92 patients diagnosed by Verona criteria, according to the ICDC.

TGF-beta control of rat thyroid follicular cells differentiation.

TGF-beta1 is a potent inhibitor of growth and DNA synthesis in thyroid cells. It has also been shown that TGF-beta1 inhibits thyrocyte function. The functional inhibition is represented by a downregulation of thyroid specific genes, such as Na(+)/I(-) symporter (NIS), thyroglobulin (TG) and thyroperoxidase (TPO).

TGF-beta 1 modulation of IGF-I signaling pathway in rat thyroid epithelial cells.

Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) have contrasting effects on cell cycle regulation in thyroid cells and TGF-beta 1 induces a dramatic decrease in IGF-I-induced cell proliferation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of cross-talk between TGF-beta 1 and IGF-I in FRTL-5 cells. TGF-beta 1 affected IGF-I-stimulated insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) tyrosine phosphorylation and its association with Grb2 protein.