Practical application of multimodality imaging for cardio-oncology in Latin America.

Latin America (LA) is one of the regions in the world with the highest levels of overweight, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus, which, together with smoking and high blood pressure, are common risk factors for cardiovascular and oncological diseases. Chemotherapy (CT) and Radiotherapy (RT) have become two of the mainstays of treatment for several types of cancer. One of the most worrisome side effects generated by CT and RT is cardiotoxicity.

Correlates of markers of dyssynchrony in patients with STEMI and multivessel disease: an analysis from the IAEA SPECT STEMI trial.

Background: In this substudy of the Value of Gated-SPECT MPI for Ischemia- Guided PCI of non-culprit vessels in STEMI Patients with Multi vessel Disease after primary PCI trial after primary PCI we aim to assess if infarct size affects conventional measures of dyssynchrony at rest. Additionally, we explore if there is an independent correlation of stress-inducible ischemia with dyssynchrony at rest.

Methods: The 48 patients with imaging at randomization were analyzed.

F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography Interpretation Criteria for the Assessment of Therapeutic Response in Patients with Advanced Stage of Lung Cancer: Inter-Reader Reliability, Accuracy, and Survival Outcomes.

Aim: F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (F-FDG-PET/CT) is useful in the evaluation of lung cancer (LC), both for staging and therapy assessment. However, for the evaluation of treatment response, shared criteria are not available. We proposed a 3-point score, similar to Deauville-score and compared its diagnostic accuracy with Hopkins criteria for the evaluation of treatment response in LC to validate a qualitative and simpler interpretation system.

Ischemia-guided vs routine non-culprit vessel angioplasty for patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction and multi-vessel disease: the IAEA SPECT STEMI trial.

Background: In patients with multi-vessel disease presenting with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), the efficacy and safety of ischemia-guided, vs routine non-culprit vessel angioplasty has not been adequately studied.

Methods: We conducted an international, randomized, non-inferiority trial comparing ischemia-guided non-culprit vessel angioplasty to routine non-culprit vessel angioplasty, following primary PCI for STEMI. The primary outcome was the between-group difference in percent ischemic myocardium at follow-up stress MPI.

Distinct Clinical Features of Post-COVID-19 Vaccination Early-onset Graves' Disease.

Context: Several case reports of Graves' disease (GD) occurrence after COVID-19 vaccination that are possibly related to the autoimmune syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) were published recently.

Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate possible distinctive features in the presentation and clinical course of patients with GD occurring early (within 4 weeks) after COVID-19 vaccination who attended our Endocrine Unit in 2021.

Methods: Patients with a first episode of GD attending a tertiary endocrine center between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021, were included.

Comparison between total thyroidectomy and hemithyroidectomy in TIR3B thyroid nodules management.

Purpose: Thyroid nodules classified as TIR3B according to SIAPEC 2014 are considered a clinical challenge due to the risk to be malignant. This retrospective study aimed to compare the performances of total thyroidectomy (TT) and hemithyroidectomy (HT) in the surgical management of a consecutive cohort of patients affected by TIR3B thyroid nodule in terms of side effects and the rate of malignancy detected.

Methods: From 2011 to 2019, 136 (111 women, 25 men; average age of 53.

[18F]FDG PET/CT and CA-125 in the evaluation of ovarian cancer relapse or persistence: is there any correlation?

Background: Ovarian cancer relapse can be diagnosed by serum tumor markers measurements and 18F-fluorodoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([18F]FDG PET/CT) findings. The aim of our study was to analyze the potential relationship between cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) and PET/CT results in patients affected by ovarian cancer.

Material And Methods: Ninety-two [18F]FDG PET/CT scans in sixty-one patients with diagnosis of ovarian cancer were analyzed and compared to CA-125 values.

Correlation between brain glucose metabolism (F-FDG) and cerebral blood flow with amyloid tracers (F-Florbetapir) in clinical routine: Preliminary evidences.

Objective: This study compared the performance of F-Florbetapir PET/CT early acquisitions to F-FDG PET/CT.

Methods: We included 12 patients who underwent F-FDG PET/CT and a dual-time F-Florbetapir PET/CT (1-6 min early-scan and 50 min late-scan). PET/CT were analyzed visually by three nuclear medicine physicians with different experience using a four-point scale (0 = no reduction, 1 = slight, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe reduction) for F-Florbetapir early-phase and F-FDG images in 10 cortical regions (bilateral frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, posterior cingulate/precuneus), and F-Florbetapir late-phase in the same cortical regions using a three-point scale (0 = normal, 1 = abnormal with minor plaques, 2 = abnormal with major plaques).

18F-FDG PET/CT Demonstrating Crossed Cerebellar Diaschisis Due to Germ Cell Tumor of the Basal Ganglia: A Case Report.

Germ cell tumors of the basal ganglia are rare neoplasms that usually present with hemiparesis or other neurological symptoms. MR and PET/CT with different tracers have demonstrated their usefulness for the correct assessment of disease. Crossed cerebellar diaschisis refers to a depression in metabolism of a cerebellar hemisphere as a result of contralateral supratentorial lesions.

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET and PET/computed tomography for the evaluation of immunoglobulin G4-related disease: a systematic review.

Background: In the last years, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) has demonstrated its utility for the evaluation of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease (IgG4RD). The studies are, however, really heterogeneous and different. The aim of this review is, therefore, to analyze the diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET and PET/CT for the assessment of IgG4RD.

Prognostic Role of Pre-Treatment Metabolic Parameters and Sarcopenia Derived by 2-[F]-FDG PET/CT in Elderly Mantle Cell Lymphoma.

The goal of this retrospective study was to analyze and compare the prognostic role of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (2-[F]-FDG PET/CT) features and sarcopenia, estimated by CT of PET in elderly (≥65 years) Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL). We recruited 53 patients, who underwent pre-treatment 2-[F]-FDG PET/CT and end-of-treatment PET/CT, and the main semiquantitative parameters were calculated. Sarcopenia was measured as skeletal muscle index (SMI, cm/m) and derived by low-dose PET/CT images at the L3 level.

Comparison between Two Different Scanners for the Evaluation of the Role of F-FDG PET/CT Semiquantitative Parameters and Radiomics Features in the Prediction of Final Diagnosis of Thyroid Incidentalomas.

The aim of this study was to compare two different tomographs for the evaluation of the role of semiquantitative PET/CT parameters and radiomics features (RF) in the prediction of thyroid incidentalomas (TIs) at F-FDG imaging. A total of 221 patients with the presence of TIs were retrospectively included. After volumetric segmentation of each TI, semiquantitative parameters and RF were extracted.

Different glucose metabolism behavior relating to histotypes in synchronous breast cancers evaluated by [18F]FDG PET-CT.

Glucose metabolism is increased in most aggressive tumors and it is commonly evaluated by positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG), measuring the Maximum Standardized Uptake Value (SUVmax) for the assessment. Particularly, it is known that breast cancer expresses different glucose metabolism inrelation to estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), Ki67 score, tumor grading, tumor size, and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2). We present an interesting case of a woman with two different, synchronous breast cancers characterized by different glucose metabolism, according to literature knowledge.

Incidental Finding of Testicular Seminoma by 18F-Choline PET/CT in a Prostate Cancer Patient.

An 80-year-old man with a history of prostate cancer, treated with radical prostatectomy and bilateral obturator nodal dissection, underwent an 18F-choline PET/CT because of biochemical recurrence. The scan revealed an intense focal uptake in the right testicle. A subsequent orchifunicumlectomy demonstrated the presence of a classic seminoma.

Prognostic Role of "Radiological" Sarcopenia in Lymphoma: A Systematic Review.

Sarcopenia is considered to be a poor prognostic factor for several oncological diseases; however, some promising results for lymphoma are now available. The definition of sarcopenia is mainly based upon muscle strength, quantity or quality and physical performance, but some imaging tools (such as CT) have been introduced to estimate quantitatively the muscle areas as an indirect expression of sarcopenia. Our aim was to perform a systematic review on the prognostic role of "radiological" sarcopenia in lymphoma.

18F-FDG PET/CT for the evaluation of male breast cancer: a systematic review.

Background: In the last years, some studies on the usefulness of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) for the evaluation of male breast cancer (MBC) have been produced. The aim of this review is to analyze the usefulness of 18F-FDG PET/CT and its diagnostic performances for the assessment of MBC.

Methods: A wide literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane library databases was made to find relevant published articles on the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT for the evaluation of MBC.

Role of F-FDG PET/CT Radiomics Features in the Differential Diagnosis of Solitary Pulmonary Nodules: Diagnostic Accuracy and Comparison between Two Different PET/CT Scanners.

The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the ability of 18 fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (F-FDG-PET/CT) metrics and radiomics features (RFs) in predicting the final diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPN). We retrospectively recruited 202 patients who underwent a F-FDG-PET/CT before any treatment in two PET scanners. After volumetric segmentation of each lung nodule, 8 PET metrics and 42 RFs were extracted.

Prognostic factors in children and adolescents with differentiated thyroid carcinoma treated with total thyroidectomy and RAI: a real-life multicentric study.

Purpose: This multicentric study aimed to investigate the main prognostic factors associated with treatment response at 1 year after radioactive iodine therapy (RAIT) and the last disease status in pediatric patients affected by differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC).

Materials And Methods: In the period 1990-2020, all consecutive patients ≤ 18 years from six different centers were retrospectively included. Patients were classified as low, intermediate, and high risk for persistence/recurrence.

COVID-19 Vaccination Manifesting as Unilateral Lymphadenopathies Detected by 18F-Choline PET/CT.

A 79-year-old man with a history of prostate adenocarcinoma treated with prostatectomy underwent 18F-FCH PET/CT for restaging purpose, which was negative for relapse but showed the presence of choline-positive lymph nodes in the left axilla. The patient underwent a COVID-19 vaccination in the left arm 6 days prior. Thus, PET/CT findings were considered as inflammatory lymph nodes.

Minimal Extrathyroidal Extension in Predicting 1-Year Outcomes: A Longitudinal Multicenter Study of Low-to-Intermediate-Risk Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (ITCO#4).

The role of minimal extrathyroidal extension (mETE) as a risk factor for persistent papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is still debated. The aims of this study were to assess the clinical impact of mETE as a predictor of worse initial treatment response in PTC patients and to verify the impact of radioiodine therapy after surgery in patients with mETE. We reviewed all records in the Italian Thyroid Cancer Observatory database and selected 2237 consecutive patients with PTC who satisfied the inclusion criteria (PTC with no lymph node metastases and at least 1 year of follow-up).