Here, we described the efficacy of colistin sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) on biofilm-forming activity, host epithelial cell adherence, and invasion capacity of strains collected from children admitted to the Children's Medical Center Hospital. Biofilm formation potency of clinical isolates was measured using a 96-well microtiter plate assay. Distribution of biofilm-related genes, including , , , , and , was detected by PCR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFis considered a major public health concern, especially for children younger than 5 years of age in developing countries. The pathogenicity of is a complex process that involves the interplay of multiple genes located on a large, unstable virulence plasmid as well as chromosomal pathogenicity islands. Since various factors (including virulence and antibiotic resistance genes) are associated with the severity and duration of shigellosis, in this article, we aim to evaluate whether the invasion of HeLa cells is affected by spp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The emergence of multidrug resistance and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis is a serious public health crisis. Using rapid and inexpensive molecular methods such as HRM assay in the detection of second-line drugs resistance in M. tuberculosis would be helpful in the treatment and control of XDR tuberculosis cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Surface layer protein A (SlpA), the primary outermost structure of Clostridioides difficile, plays an essential role in C. difficile pathogenesis, although its interaction with host intestinal cells are yet to be understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SlpA extracted from C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe present study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of resistance to tigecycline and to determine sequence types of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates recovered from children, using the Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST). A total of 74 A. baumannii isolates were recovered from patients at one of the children's hospital in Tehran, Iran.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: β-Lactam antibiotics have been broadly used for the treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii infections, resulting in development of β-lactam inactivating β-lactamases. Here, we described antibiotic resistance rate, prevalence of β-lactamase-encoding genes, and clonal relationships of A. baumannii strains isolated from children referred to Children's Medical Center in Tehran, Iran, during 2019-2020.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Despite medical advances, central nervous system (CNS) diseases put a pressure on the health care system. A number of risk factors, especially infectious agents can accelerate the progression of meningitis. As viruses probably account for most cases of meningitis, the diagnosis of them can reduce antibiotic prescriptions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClostridioides difficile is the most common causative agent of healthcare-associated diarrhea. C. difficile strains produce a crystalline surface layer protein (SlpA), encoded by the slpA gene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This study was aimed to characterize the genetic diversity and expression of three putative resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND)-type efflux systems and their contribution to multidrug efflux in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii.
Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 95 A. baumannii isolates was determined by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion for 18 antibiotics and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of colistin was determined by the broth microdilution method.
Clostridioides difficile is the main cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea worldwide. It is proposed that certain C. difficile toxinotypes with distinct pathogenicity locus (PaLoc) variants are associated with disease severity and outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Increasing prevalence of multiple antibiotic resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae strains confines the therapeutic options used to treat bacterial infections.
Objective: We aimed in this study to investigate the role of AcrAB and qepA efflux pumps and AAC(6')-Ib-cr enzyme in ciprofloxacin resistance and to detect the RAPD-PCR fingerprint of K. pneumoniae isolates.
Objectives: can cause several infections. Its capability to form biofilm has been reported to be a vital property involved in the bacteria's pathogenesis. Various genes contributing to biofilm formation have not yet been completely clarified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common nerve entrapment neuropathy which is the result of the compression of the median nerve in the wrist. Currently, there is no consensus about the best treatment option. The purpose of this clinical trial was to compare the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing open CT release with mini-incision CT release.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Context: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a common cause of hearing impairment and disability. CSOM caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is usually treated with topical ciprofloxacin and resistance to ciprofloxacin in CSOM isolates has rarely been reported.
Case Presentation: A 24-year-old male patient with CSOM due to p.
Background: continues to be important causes of acute pediatric diarrhea worldwide. produces numerous virulence factors involved in colonization and invasion into epithelial cells which eventually result in the disease. The present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of virulence genes and to investigate antibiotic resistance profiles among isolates obtained from pediatric patients in Iran.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) causes high rates of mortality and a substantial burden to health systems worldwide. Here, we investigated the antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular characteristics of MRSA isolated from children referred to Children's Medical Center in Tehran.
Materials And Methods: A total of 98 MRSA isolates were collected from children.
Objective: Cancer is one of the common diseases in the world, and cervical cancer is the fourth one. In this type of cancer, many risk factors, especially infectious diseases, such as human papilloma virus (HPV) and gram-negative bacteria can have important effects on the expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition related genes like Snail, E-cadherin, and ZEB-1, responsible for connecting cell tissues. In this study, we have investigated the effect of Escherichia coli O111:B4 Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on HPV positive cell line (HeLa), the expression level of the (Snail, E-cadherin, and ZEB-1), HPV oncogenes (E6, E7) and also microRNA-9, 192.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIran J Basic Med Sci
March 2019
Objectives: In the current research, the prevalence of clones and genes encoding antimicrobial resistance and toxins were examined among 120 strains from nosocomial infections in tehran, Iran.
Materials And Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility was examined, based on disk diffusion and PCR method to identify resistance and toxin-encoding genes. Based on the polymorphisms in SCC, , and MLST, the isolates were typed.
The spread of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL)-carrying S. aureus strains in patients with wound infections in both the community and hospitals is increasing in some areas of Iran. In the present study, we determined the molecular characteristics and distribution of PVL-producing S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Cholera is an acute secretory diarrhea caused by the Gram-negative bacterium, mostly through production of cholera toxin (CT) and zonula occludens toxin (Zot) Isolates of have acquired resistance elements during the last decade. One of the most promising ways to treat resistant strains is to use antivirulence agents instead of killing the causative agent with conventional antibiotics. In this study, we examined whether different concentrations of capsaicin - the pungent fraction of red chili- can act as an antivirulence agent and inhibit toxin production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStaphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen causing infections with high morbidity and mortality in both healthcare and community settings. The accessory gene regulator (Agr) is a key genetic element controlling the expression of numerous virulence factors in S. aureus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: has emerged as a major public health concern. It is a common pathogen in high-risk hospital intensive care units (ICUs). We analyzed the molecular characteristics on the SCC and genes of isolates gathered from ICUs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFew studies describe the molecular characterization of mupirocin resistance in strains. In this study, we evaluated the characteristics of mupirocin resistance in isolates for 1-year period in Tehran, Iran. In a cross-sectional study, we collected 51 unique mupirocin-resistant strains obtained from 648 isolates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCan J Infect Dis Med Microbiol
February 2018
The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains isolated from hospitals shows the limitation of recent antibiotics used for bacterial eradication. In this study, 81 isolates were collected from three hospitals in Tehran. Antibiotic susceptibility test showed the highest rates of resistance to cefotaxim (85.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUrinary tract infection (UTI) is a common type of infectious disease globally. The aim of this study was to detect the frequency of fosA3 and fosC2 genes in extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and bla, bla, and bla genes in AmpC β-lactamases-producing isolates of Escherichia coli. In total, 120 isolates of E.
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