Multimodal EEG-MRI in the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies.

Differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) remains challenging; currently the best discriminator is striatal dopaminergic imaging. However this modality fails to identify 15-20% of DLB cases and thus other biomarkers may be useful. It is recognised electroencephalography (EEG) slowing and relative medial temporal lobe preservation are supportive features of DLB, although individually they lack diagnostic accuracy.

Electroencephalography as a clinical tool for diagnosing and monitoring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop and test, for the first time, a multivariate diagnostic classifier of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) based on EEG coherence measures and chronological age.

Setting: The participants were recruited in two specialised centres and three schools in Reykjavik.

Participants: The data are from a large cross-sectional cohort of 310 patients with ADHD and 351 controls, covering an age range from 5.

The acetylcholine index: an electroencephalographic marker of cholinergic activity in the living human brain applied to Alzheimer's disease and other dementias.

Background: The cholinergic hypothesis is well established and has led to the development of pharmacological treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there has previously been no physiological means of monitoring cholinergic activity in vivo.

Methods: An electroencephalography (EEG)-based acetylcholine (Ach) index reflecting the cholinergic activity in the brain was developed using data from a scopolamine challenge study.

Diagnostic accuracy of statistical pattern recognition of electroencephalogram registration in evaluation of cognitive impairment and dementia.

Background: There is still a need for simple, noninvasive, and inexpensive methods to diagnose the causes of cognitive impairment and dementia. In this study, contemporary statistical methods were used to classify the clinical cases of cognitive impairment based on electroencephalograms (EEG).

Methods: An EEG database was established from seven different groups of subjects with cognitive impairment and dementia as well as healthy controls.