"… I carry their stories home …": experiences of nurses and midwives caring for perinatal adolescent mothers in primary health care settings in Rwanda.

Introduction: Adolescent mothers require trauma- and violence-informed care during the perinatal period due to trauma histories and ongoing violence as a result of pregnancy. Nurses and midwives play a critical role in caring for adolescent mothers in primary healthcare settings in Rwanda in the perinatal period.

Purpose: To explore the experiences of nurses and midwives working with adolescent mothers in selected primary healthcare settings in Rwanda to inform the delivery of trauma- and violence- informed care.

"Successful Living" Among Adolescents With HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Evolutionary Concept Analysis.

The concept of successful living in the context of adolescents with HIV lacks clarity and is unexplored. Without a common understanding of successful living among adolescents with HIV (AWH) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), health care interventions focusing on this population may continue to fall short, resulting in avoidable morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this analysis used Rodgers Evolutionary Concept Analysis method to identify attributes, antecedents, consequences, and related concepts of successful living among AWH in SSA.

Integrating trauma- and violence-informed care for adolescent mothers in Rwanda: a qualitative study with community health workers.

Introduction: In Rwanda, maternal community health workers play a critical role to improving maternal, newborn and child health, but little is known about their specific experiences with adolescent mothers, who face unique challenges, including trauma, ongoing violence, stigma, ostracism, mental health issues, barriers within the healthcare system, and lack of access to the social determinants of health. This study explored the experiences of maternal community health workers when caring for adolescent mothers in Rwanda to inform the delivery of trauma- and violence-informed care in community maternal services.

Methods: Interpretive Description methodology was used to understand the experiences of 12 community health workers purposively recruited for interviews due to their management roles.

Reported respectful maternity care received during childbirth at health facilities: A cross sectional survey in Eastern province, Rwanda.

Background: Respectful maternity care (RMC) fosters positive childbirth experiences and ensures safe motherhood. While past Rwandan studies on childbirth predominantly focused on negative experiences, our research delved into positive experiences. This study aimed to assess the RMC level experienced by women during childbirth in health facilities of Eastern Province of Rwanda.

Intimate Partner Violence Among Rwandan Women With HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study.

In Rwanda, women have higher incidence of HIV and intimate partner violence (IPV). This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of IPV among women living with HIV (WWH) in Rwanda and measure the difference in psychological outcomes, demographic data, and HIV-related outcomes using a cross-sectional, descriptive, observational design. A convenience sample of 162 Rwandan WWH were purposefully recruited to participate.

A novel electroencephalography-based paradigm to measure intergroup prosociality: An intergenerational study in the aftermath of the genocide against Tutsis in Rwanda.

Studying how intergroup prosociality evolves in war-torn societies is critical for gaining a better understanding of conflict perpetuation. Rwanda provides a unique example of how two groups must reconcile and manage their intergroup biases following a genocidal process. In this study, we employed a novel intended behavior task to measure intergroup prosociality among former genocide perpetrators, genocide survivors, and their children in Rwanda.

Predicting postnatal depressive symptoms in a prospective cohort study in Rwanda: the impact of poor maternal social support.

Background: Postnatal depression is a significant public health issue that demands attention, and recent evidence indicates that rates are relatively high in low-income countries such as Rwanda. However, lack of social support is recognized as a potential risk factor for postnatal depressive symptoms. This study sought to explore the influence of poor maternal social support on postnatal depressive symptoms in a sample of women in Rwanda.

On the cognitive mechanisms supporting prosocial disobedience in a post-genocidal context.

The aim of the present study was to offer a first investigation of the neuro-cognitive processes and the temporal dynamics at the neural level, together with cultural, social and psychological dimensions, that may support resistance to orders to harm another person. Using a novel experimental approach to study experimentally disobedience, we recruited individuals from the first generation born after the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. Seventy-two were recruited and tested in Rwanda and 72 were recruited and tested in Belgium.

On the impact of the genocide on the intergroup empathy bias between former perpetrators, survivors, and their children in Rwanda.

Studying what factors influence the ability to resonate with the pain of others in the aftermath of a genocide and how this extends to the following generation is critical to better understand the perpetuation of conflicts. In the present study conducted in Rwanda, we recruited former genocide perpetrators and survivors, and their respective children and investigated how their neural response to the pain of others is modulated when they visualized pictures of former perpetrators or survivors, or their offspring. We further evaluated how the impact of the genocide and psychological factors associated with trauma influenced the results.

Dehumanizing language, motherhood in the context of HIV, and overcoming HIV stigma - the voices of Rwandan women with HIV: A focus group study.

Background: Stigma is an underlying cause of health inequities, and a major barrier to HIV prevention, care, and treatment. Experiences of HIV stigma have been shown to reduce engagement in care across the HIV care continuum, from testing and diagnosis to long-term retention in care and anti-retroviral therapy adherence. In Rwanda, approximately 130,000 women are living with HIV, representing a prevalence rate (3.

Antenatal depressive symptoms in rwanda: rates, risk factors, and social support.

Background: Prevalence of perinatal depression is high in Rwanda and has been found to be associated with the quality of relationship with partner. This study extends this work to examine the relationship between antenatal depressive symptoms and social support across several relationships among women attending antenatal care services.

Methods: Structured survey interviews were conducted with 396 women attending antenatal care services in 4 health centres in the Southern Province of Rwanda.

An International Pilot Study of Self-Reported Quality of Life in Outpatient and Inpatient Mental Health Settings.

Measuring quality of life (QoL) is essential to understand how clients perceive their care. In practice, many instruments are in place to identify mental health diagnoses and measure treatment outcomes, but there are fewer standardized instruments to routinely collect information about self-reported QoL, especially across different mental health settings. Moreover, existing tools have been criticized for being built from the perspective of care professionals rather than the users' perspective.

Connaissances, utilisation et obstacles liés au dépistage du cancer du col utérin dans des hôpitaux de district de Kigali, au Rwanda.

Contexte: Dans le monde, le cancer du col utérin arrive au troisième rang des cancers les plus fréquents chez les femmes, mais il passe au deuxième rang en Afrique orientale, où se trouve le Rwanda. Le dépistage périodique est un moyen de prévention efficace. Malgré cela, en Afrique, on estime que le taux de dépistage de ce cancer se situe entre 10 et 70 %.

Knowledge, utilization and barriers of cervical cancer screening among women attending selected district hospitals in Kigali - Rwanda.

Background: Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer attacking women globally, and the second in Eastern Africa where Rwanda is located. Regular screening is an effective prevention approach for cervical cancer. Despite that, the screening rate for cervical cancer in Africa is estimated between 10% and 70%, with a number of barriers.

Addressing the mental health needs of children affected by HIV in Rwanda: validation of a rapid depression screening tool for children 7-14 years old.

Background: Depression in children presents a significant health burden to society and often co-exists with chronic illnesses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Research has demonstrated that 10-37% of children and adolescents living with HIV also suffer from depression. Low-and-middle income countries (LMICs) shoulder a disproportionate burden of HIV among other health challenges, but reliable estimates of co-morbid depression are lacking in these settings.

An assessment of Nurses' knowledge, attitude and practice of emergency care related to road traffic accident victims at three selected hospitals in Rwanda.

Introduction: Quality emergency nursing care is an important variable in reducing death and disability due to road traffic accidents (RTA), yet little is known about emergency nursing care within the Rwandan context. This study aims to describe the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of nurses of the emergency care of RTA patients.

Method: We employed a cross sectional design to survey the full cohort of nurses working in Accident and Emergency (A&E) units in three selected Rwandan hospitals (N = 51).

Burden of post-traumatic stress disorder in postgenocide Rwandan population following exposure to 1994 genocide against the Tutsi: A meta-analysis.

Background: The 1994 genocide against Tutsi resulted in a massive death toll that reached one million people. Despite the tremendous efforts made to mitigate the adverse effects of the genocide, a substantial burden of mental health disorders still exists including the notably high prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among genocide survivors. However, a synthesized model of PTSD vulnerability in this population is currently lacking.

Global mental health in high-income countries.

Over the past decade there have been significant efforts to scale-up mental health services in resource-poor countries. A number of cost-effective innovations have emerged as a result. At the same time, there is increasing concern in resource-rich countries about efficacy, efficiency and acceptability of mental health services.

The "treatment gap" in global mental health reconsidered: sociotherapy for collective trauma in Rwanda.

Background: The "treatment gap" (TG) for mental disorders refers to the difference that exists between the number of people who need care and those who receive care. The concept is strongly promoted by the World Health Organization and widely used in the context of low- and middle-income countries. Although accepting the many demonstrable benefits that flow from this approach, it is important to critically reflect on the limitations of the concept of the TG and its implications for building capacity for mental health services in Rwanda.

Prevalence of psychoactive substance use among youth in Rwanda.

Background: Substance use among youth is a significant public health concern worldwide. However, little is known in Rwanda about the prevalence of drug use among youth. The goal of the current study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of substance use among youth in Rwanda.