Olfactory identification, cognition, depressive symptoms, and 5-year mortality in patients with subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: An association between odor and cognitive impairment has been shown in many studies. The objective of the present hospital-based, single-center retrospective study was to assess the impact of odor impairment on the mortality of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), subjective cognitive decline (SCD), and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: Odor function was measured by Sniffin Sticks (Burghart Messtechnik, Holm, Germany) and the assessment of self-reported olfactory functioning and olfaction-related quality of life (ASOF) test.

Depression, quality of life, activities of daily living, and subjective memory after deep brain stimulation in Parkinson disease-A reliable change index analysis.

Objectives: In the field of Parkinson disease (PD) research, many studies have shown that deep brain stimulation (DBS) can soften side effects, which arise during long-term medical therapy. This study focuses on the changes in depressive symptoms, quality of life (with the subdivisions physical and mental health), activities of daily living, and subjective memory functioning in PD patients testing the baseline and the outcome 1 year after DBS.

Methods: For the first time, the reliable change index (RCI) methodology was applied to compare PD-DBS patients (n = 22) with best medically treated PD patients (PD-BMT; n = 28), subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 43) and healthy controls (n = 25) in the above-mentioned domains.

Individual cognitive change after DBS-surgery in Parkinson's disease patients using Reliable Change Index Methodology.

Long-term therapy of Parkinson's disease (PD) with levodopa (L-DOPA) is associated with a high risk of developing motor fluctuations and dyskinesia. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) in PD patients of the subthalamic nucleus can improve these motor complications. Although the positive effect on motor symptoms has been proven, postoperative cognitive decline has been documented.

Assessment of individual cognitive changes after deep brain stimulation surgery in Parkinson's disease using the Neuropsychological Test Battery Vienna short version.

Long-term therapy of Parkinson's disease with L‑DOPA is associated with a high risk of developing motor fluctuations and dyskinesia. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) can improve these motor complications. Although the positive effect on motor symptoms has been proven, postoperative cognitive decline has been documented.

Self-reported and informant-reported memory functioning and awareness in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer´s disease.

Background: Awareness of subjective memory is an important factor for adequate treatment of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study served to find out whether awareness of subjective memory complies with objective performance, if differences in awareness are observed longitudinally and whether decrease of awareness can serve as a predictor of AD in MCI patients.

Methods: Thirty-four patients with MCI seeking help in a memory outpatient clinic were included.

Activities of Daily Living and Depressive Symptoms in Patients with Subjective Cognitive Decline, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) may be an early indicator for an increased risk of dementia. The exact definition of SCD remains unclear and has recently become a major research interest.

Objectives: To determine impairments in activities of daily living (ADL) and depressive symptoms in elderly individuals with SCD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Subjective Cognitive Decline and Mild Cognitive Impairment and its Relation to Activities of Daily Living.

Background: Health related quality of life (HRQOL) is an important issue in the context of dementia care.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate HRQOL in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its relation to Activity of Daily Living (ADL).

Methods: In this cross sectional study, four experimental groups (each n = 98), controls, SCD, naMCI and aMCI, were compared.

Depressive Symptoms are the Main Predictor for Subjective Sleep Quality in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment--A Controlled Study.

Objective: Controlled data on predictors of subjective sleep quality in patients with memory complaints are sparse. To improve the amount of comprehensive data on this topic, we assessed factors associated with subjective sleep quality in patients from our memory clinic and healthy individuals.

Methods: Between February 2012 and August 2014 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) from our memory clinic and healthy controls were recruited.

Visuo-constructional functions in patients with mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.

Background: Several recently proposed criteria for assessing cognitive disorder require measuring the cognitive domain of visuo-constructional function. The aims of the present study were to develop a new test (Vienna Visuo-constructional Test-VVT) measuring visuo-constructional functions and to determine the reliability and validity of the VVT in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). We further examined age and sex effects and the psychometric quality of the VVT.

Gender-Specific Differences in Cognitive Profiles of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease: Results of the Prospective Dementia Registry Austria (PRODEM-Austria).

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common age-related diseases in the western world. Gender differences in neuropsychological functions are seldom evaluated in AD.

Objective: Recent investigations suggested that gender may be an important modifying factor in the development and progression of AD.

Higher level of neuroticism in patients with problems with the sense of smell.

Background: Recent research suggests an association between personality measures and olfactory performance. The question of whether one's personality changes has been the subject of debate in personality research. The goal of the present study was to investigate whether olfactory dysfunction would be associated with personality traits.

Awareness of memory deficits in subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

Background: Impaired awareness of memory deficits has been recognized as a common phenomenon in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and research is now increasingly focusing on awareness in groups at risk for future dementia. This study aimed to determine whether levels of awareness differ among healthy elderly people and patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), amnestic and non-amnestic subtypes of mild cognitive impairment (aMCI, naMCI), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), to explore correlates of awareness and to establish frequencies of memory over- and underestimation within each diagnostic group.

Methods: 756 consecutive outpatients of a memory clinic and 211 healthy controls underwent thorough neuropsychological testing.

A neuropsychological rehabilitation program for patients with Multiple Sclerosis based on the model of the ICF.

Background: Forty to sixty percent of MS patients suffer from cognitive impairments. Cognitive deficits are a great burden for patients affected. In particular they may lead to a reduced quality of life, loss of work and problems with the social environment.

Coupling acoustic feedback to eye movements to reduce spatial neglect.

Background: A typical consequence of right hemispheric brain lesions is spatial neglect. Patients with spatial neglect suffer from a variety of neglect phenomena and related disorders, including a sustained shift of the horizontal eye-in-head position toward the affected hemisphere. The aim of this study was to investigate benefits of a method of coupling eye movement to an acoustic feedback.

Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment subtypes in patients attending a memory outpatient clinic--comparison of two modes of mild cognitive impairment classification. Results of the Vienna Conversion to Dementia Study.

Background: Early detection of dementia is becoming more and more important owing to the advent of pharmacologic treatment.

Objective: The goals of this study were to establish prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subtypes in an outpatient memory clinic cohort using two different modes of MCI determination.

Design: Consecutive patients complaining of cognitive problems who came to the memory outpatient clinic for assessment of a possible cognitive disorder were included in the study.

The "Sense of Coherence" and the coping capacity of patients with Parkinson disease.

Background: Antonovsky's salutogenic model of the "Sense of Coherence" (SOC) is an important resource in dealing with chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate SOC as a psychological factor and its correlation with illness, subjective well-being, and health-related quality of life (QoL) in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) compared to patients with other chronic diseases.

Methods: Fifty-one patients suffering from PD and 59 participants with other chronic non-neurological diseases took part in this study.

Odor identification and self-reported olfactory functioning in patients with subtypes of mild cognitive impairment.

Olfactory dysfunction is a very early symptom of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and olfactory dysfunction has also been found in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The goal of the present study was to compare odor identification ability and self-reported olfactory functioning in patients with different types of MCI. We included 104 elderly participants classified into two groups: patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and elderly controls (EC).