Peripheral Contrast Reduction Optically Induced by Scattering Lenses Thickens Peripheral Choroid.

Purpose: The mechanisms underlying a myopia control strategy using scattering lenses are unclear. Therefore, this study investigates the short-term effects of scatter lenses on central and peripheral choroidal thickness and axial length, which serve as a biomarker in myopia progression research.

Methods: In total, 23 participants underwent a 60-minute lens wear phase each to five lens conditions: medium peripheral scattering, high peripheral scattering, medium full-field scattering, high full-field scattering and control (clear lens).

Biases in the spectral amplitude distribution of a natural scene modulate horizontal size perception.

Introduction: Visual perception is a complex process that involves the analysis of different spatial and temporal features of the visual environment. One critical aspect of this process is adaptation, which allows the visual system to adjust its sensitivity to specific features based on the context of the environment. Numerous theories highlight the significance of the visual scene and its spectral properties in perceptual and adaptation mechanisms.

L-opsin expression in chickens is similarly reduced with diffusers and negative lenses.

Previous studies have shown that the expression of L- and M-opsins was reduced in chicken retina when eyes were covered with diffusers. The purpose of the current study was to find out whether this is a result of altered spatial processing during development of deprivation myopia or merely a consequence of light attenuation by the diffusers. Therefore, retinal luminances were matched by neutral density filters in fellow eyes that served as controls for diffuser-treated eyes.

Anaplastic thyroid tumor as an embolic source of metastasis.

Tumor-based arterial thromboembolism in patients with cancer is a poorly described concept that lacks evidence for surgical indications owing to its unusual occurrence. The study and understanding of this condition's etiology is, however, essential because it could constitute the initial presentation or determine the prognosis of oncologic disease. In the present report, we have described the case of a 77-year-old female patient with multiple cerebral, splenic, and upper limb arterial embolic episodes.

Impact of cone abundancy ratios and light spectra on emmetropization in chickens.

We had previously found that chicken eyes with normal visual experience grow larger when they have more L cones, relative to M cones. It is not known whether also S cone abundancies may affect eye size, whether cone abundancy ratios can also affect the amount of deprivation myopia that is induced by diffusers in front of the eyes, and whether broadband white light with added energy in the blue may reduce the development of deprivation myopia. Therefore, chickens were monocularly treated with diffusers and raised under three different light conditions with increasing amounts of energy in the blue but with matched total illuminance.

Effects of a topical treatment with spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor in healthy subjects and patients with cold urticaria or chronic spontaneous urticaria: Results of a phase 1a/b randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study.

Aims: To explore the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PD) of GSK2646264 using skin challenge models.

Methods: Healthy volunteers (HV) with a positive allergen skin prick test received GSK2646264 (0.5% or 1% ww) and placebo creams on up to 10% body surface area (BSA).

Safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a topical SYK inhibitor in cutaneous lupus erythematosus: A double-blind Phase Ib study.

The immunoregulator spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is upregulated in cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). This double-blind, multicentre, Phase Ib study evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and clinical efficacy of the selective SYK inhibitor GSK2646264 in active CLE lesions. Two lesions from each participant (n = 11) were each randomized to topical application of 1% (w/w) GSK2646264 or placebo for 28 days; all participants received GSK2646264 and placebo.

Interactions of cone abundancies, opsin expression, and environmental lighting with emmetropization in chickens.

We had previously found that M to L cone abundancy ratios in the chicken retina are correlated with vitreous chamber depth and refractive state in chickens eyes, when they have normal visual exposure but not when they develop deprivation myopia. The finding suggests an interaction between cone abundancies and emmetropization. In the current study, we analyzed how stable this correlation was against changes in environmental variables and strain differences.

Quantification of Growth Factors and Fibronectin in Diverse Preparations of Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Ocular Surface Disorders (E-PRP).

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to quantify the presence of growth factors (GFs) and fibronectin in autologous platelet-rich plasma for topical ocular use (E-PRP) comparing their concentration when different preparation and preservation procedures were applied.

Methods: E-PRP was prepared with blood from healthy volunteers. The count of platelets, leukocytes, and red blood cells in the whole blood and E-PRP were performed.

Effect of belimumab on proteinuria and anti-phospholipase A2 receptor autoantibody in primary membranous nephropathy.

Background: Immunosuppressant drugs reduce proteinuria and anti-phospholipase A2 receptor autoantibodies (PLA2R-Ab) in primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) with varying success and associated toxicities. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of belimumab on proteinuria and PLA2R-Ab in participants with PMN.

Methods: In this prospective, open-label, experimental medicine study, 14 participants with PMN and persistent nephrotic-range proteinuria received up to 2 years belimumab monotherapy (10 mg/kg, every 4 weeks).

[Perineal risk and obstetrical protection: A survey with birth professionals].

Objectives: The main objective was to evaluate the practices declared by birth professionals in the Lorraine region about perineal obstetric protection (any perineal tear combined). The secondary objective was to evaluate prevention measures performed in practice by birth professionals according to the perineal risk subjectively estimated for each obstetric situation.

Methods: This is a practice survey conducted through an anonymous questionnaire distributed to birth professionals (gynecologists, interns, midwife and midwife student) in October 2016.

[Maternal outcomes in case of cesarean before 32weeks of gestation: A retrospective observational study].

Objectives: In recent years, active neonatal care in case of prematurity leads to an increase of cesarean delivery rate. Data remains sparse on maternal morbidity induced by preterm cesareans and especially before 32 weeks of gestation. The main aim of this study was to evaluate per-partum maternal morbidity in case of cesarean performed before 32 week of gestation.

Anti-IL-7 receptor α monoclonal antibody (GSK2618960) in healthy subjects - a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Aim: Interleukin (IL)-7 signalling modulates T cell activity and is implicated in numerous autoimmune diseases. The present study investigated the safety, pharmacokinetics, target engagement, pharmacodynamics and immunogenicity of GSK2618960, an IL-7 receptor-α subunit (CD127) monoclonal antibody.

Methods: A double-blind (sponsor-unblind) study of a single intravenous infusion of either GSK2618960 (0.

M to L cone ratios determine eye sizes and baseline refractions in chickens.

Following a hypothesis raised by M. and J. Neitz, Seattle, we have tested whether the abundance and the ratio of Long wavelength-sensitive (L) to Middle wavelength-sensitive (M) cones may affect eye size and development of myopia in the chicken.

Treatment with platelet-rich plasma of surgically related dormant corneal ulcers.

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of autologous platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of dormant corneal ulcers secondary to corneal surgery and unresponsive to conventional treatment.

Setting: VISSUM, Ophthalmology Institute of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.

Design: Prospective nonrandomized, observational consecutive study.

Development of a whole body physiologically based model to characterise the pharmacokinetics of benzodiazepines. 1: Estimation of rat tissue-plasma partition ratios.

Three methods for estimation of the equilibrium tissue-to-plasma partition ratios (Kp values) in the presence of tissue concentration time data have been investigated. These are the area method, the open loop (tissue specific) method and the whole body model(closed loop) method, each with different model assumptions. Additionally, multiple imputations, a technique for dealing with deficiencies in data sets (i.

Kinetics of the intestinal uptake of zinc acexamate in normal and zinc-depleted rats.

The uptake of zinc as acexamic acid salt in the small intestine of the anaesthetized rat was shown to be a two-phase process in normal animals. The first phase is rapid mucosal binding which satisfies the Freundlich isotherm equation and which involves about 30 per cent of the initially perfused zinc. The second phase was characterized as an apparent absorption step which obeys Michaelis-Menten and first-order combined kinetics, with the following parameters: Vm = 6.