The hidden cost of illicit trade: Evaluating the physiological health of smuggled European glass eels (Anguilla anguilla).

European eel is considered a "critically endangered" species due to its population decline (c.a. 98 %) in all European waters, primarily because human activities.

Comparative study of the gut microbial communities collected by scraping and swabbing in a fish model: a comprehensive guide to promote non-lethal procedures for gut microbial studies.

In the present study, we propose the use of swabs in non-lethal sampling procedures to collect the mucosa-adhered gut microbiota from the posterior intestine of fish, and therefore, we compare the bacterial communities collected by conventional scraping and by swabbing methods. For this purpose, samples of the posterior intestine of rainbow trout () were collected first using the swabbing approach, and after fish euthanasia, by mucosa scraping. Finally, bacterial communities were compared by 16S rRNA gene Illumina sequencing.

Impact of the diet in the gut microbiota after an inter-species microbial transplantation in fish.

Inter-species microbial transplantations offer the possibility of transferring species-specific microbes and their associated functionality. As a conceptual approach, an intestinal microbiota transplant (IMT) between two marine carnivorous fish species that thrive in different environmental conditions was conducted: from donor Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to recipient gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), after obliterating its basal microbiota with an antibiotic treatment. To confirm that the gut microbiota was able to recover after antibiotics without the influence of the diet, a group of gilthead seabream not submitted to the IMT was kept fasted as an internal control.

Fermentation of Plant-Based Feeds with Improves the Survival and Intestinal Health of Juvenile Nile Tilapia () Reared in a Biofloc System.

This study evaluated the effect of fermentation with on the biochemical and nutritional compositions of a plant-based diet and its effects on the productive performance and intestinal health of juvenile Nile tilapia () reared in a biofloc technology (BFT) system. The in vitro kinetics of feed fermentation were studied to determine the growth and acidification curve through counting the colony-forming units (CFUs) mL and measuring the pH. Physicochemical and bromatological analyses of the feed were also performed.

Consumer Expectation and Perception of Farmed Rainbow Trout () Fed with Insect Meal ().

In recent years, insect meal has attracted increasing interest as an innovative protein source to replace fish meal in feed formulations due to its valuable nutritional profile. This research aimed to compare the effects of different levels of dietary inclusion of the yellow mealworm beetle ( larvae meal on the sensory quality of rainbow trout () fillets and retrospectively on the acceptability of this protein source to consumers. The results showed that the inclusion of larvae meal did not induce sensory changes in the trout fillets, while regarding consumer acceptability and willingness to buy and pay, it was shown that a certain level of rejection towards this alternative protein still exists.

Microbiome study of a coupled aquaponic system: unveiling the independency of bacterial communities and their beneficial influences among different compartments.

To understand the microbiome composition and interplay among bacterial communities in different compartments of a coupled freshwater aquaponics system growing flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) and lettuces (Lactuca sativa), 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of the V3-V4 region was analysed from each compartment (fish intestine, water from the sedimentation tank, bioballs from the biological filter, water and biofilm from the hydroponic unit, and lettuce roots). The bacterial communities of each sample group showed a stable diversity during all the trial, except for the fish gut microbiota, which displayed lower alpha diversity values. Regarding beta diversity, the structure of bacterial communities belonging to the biofilm adhering to the hydroponic tank walls, bioballs, and lettuce roots resembled each other (weighted and unweighted UniFrac distances), while bacteria from water samples also clustered together.

Rearing European Eel () Elvers in a Biofloc System.

European eel () elvers (initial body weight (BW) = 3 g) were raised in triplicate for 60 days in a biofloc system (BFT) at 21 °C. Data from the current first study evaluating this farming technology indicated that European eel elvers adapted well to BFT systems as data on growth performance (specific growth rate = 1.48% ± 0.

The potential of a combination of pungent spices as a novel supplement in gilthead seabream () diets to aid in the strategic use of fish oil in aquafeeds: a holistic perspective.

This work studied the potential of a combination of pungent spices (capsicum, black pepper, ginger, and cinnamaldehyde) to be used as a supplement in diets of gilthead seabream (; 44.1 ± 4.2 g).

Dietary promotes skin and skin mucus defensive capacities in a marine fish model.

The present study explores the effects of two supplementation levels of (1.1% and 2.2%) as a probiotic in a reference low fish meal-based diet on the skin mucosal tissue in .

From zero to ossified: Larval skeletal ontogeny of the Neotropical Cichlid fish Cichlasoma dimerus.

The identification of skeletal elements, the analysis of their developmental sequence, and the time of their appearance during larval development are essential to broaden the knowledge of each fish species and to recognize skeletal abnormalities that may affect further fish performance. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a general description of the development of the entire skeleton highlighting its variability in Cichlasoma dimerus. Larvae of C.

Debaryomyces hansenii supplementation in low fish meal diets promotes growth, modulates microbiota and enhances intestinal condition in juvenile marine fish.

Background: The development of a sustainable business model with social acceptance, makes necessary to develop new strategies to guarantee the growth, health, and well-being of farmed animals. Debaryomyces hansenii is a yeast species that can be used as a probiotic in aquaculture due to its capacity to i) promote cell proliferation and differentiation, ii) have immunostimulatory effects, iii) modulate gut microbiota, and/or iv) enhance the digestive function. To provide inside into the effects of D.

Food determines ephemerous and non-stable gut microbiome communities in juvenile wild and farmed Mediterranean fish.

Novel insights were provided by contrasting the composition of wild and farmed fish gut microbiomes because the latter had essentially different environmental conditions from those in the wild. This was reflected in the gut microbiome of the wild Sparus aurata and Xyrichtys novacula studied here, which showed highly diverse microbial community structures, dominated by Proteobacteria, mostly related to an aerobic or microaerophilic metabolism, but with some common shared major species, such as Ralstonia sp. On the other hand, farmed non-fasted S.

Modulation of gut microbiota and intestinal immune response in gilthead seabream () by dietary bile salt supplementation.

Given their role in lipid digestion, feed supplementation with bile salts could be an economic and sustainable solution to alterations in adiposity and intestinal inflammation generated by some strategies currently used in aquaculture. An important part of the metabolism of bile salts takes place in the intestine, where the microbiota transforms them into more toxic forms. Consequently, we aimed to evaluate the gut immune response and microbial populations in gilthead seabream () fed a diet supplemented with a blend of bile salts with proven background as a regulator of lipid metabolism and fat content.

Physicochemical and Biochemical Properties of Trypsin-like Enzyme from Two Sturgeon Species.

This work aimed to determine the physicochemical and biochemical properties of trypsin from beluga and sevruga highly valuable sturgeon species. According to the results obtained from the methods of casein-zymogram and inhibitory activity staining, the molecular weight of trypsin for sevruga and beluga was 27.5 and 29.

Evaluating the Functional Properties of Spray-Dried Porcine Plasma in Gilthead Seabream () Fed Low Fish Meal Diets.

Blood by-products are an untapped source of high-quality ingredients for aquafeeds, containing a broad variety of cytokines, hormones, growth factors, proteins, bioactive peptides, and amino acids. The effects of the spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP), a type of processed animal protein on several immune parameters, were evaluated in sea bream using ex vivo and in vitro assays. In this study, fish were fed with two isoproteic, isolipidic, and isoenergetic diets: control diet (7% fish meal, FM) and SDPP diet (2% FM and 5% SDPP).

Fermentation of Soybean Meal with Allows Greater Inclusion of Vegetable Protein in the Diet and Can Reduce in the Intestine of the South American Catfish ().

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of diets containing different inclusion levels (0%, 7%, 14%, 21% and 28%) of soybean meal fermented by (SMFL) on the zootechnical performance and intestinal health of South American catfish juveniles (). The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and four replications and lasted 56 days. Five isoproteic (39% crude protein) and isoenergetic (4300 kcal of gross energy kg) diets were formulated where SMFL was included in replacement of fish meal.

A Bioactive Extract Rich in Triterpenic Acid and Polyphenols from Promotes Systemic Immunity and Protects Atlantic Salmon Smolts Against Furunculosis.

In the present study, the modulation of the transcriptional immune response (microarray analysis) in the head kidney (HK) of the anadromous fish Atlantic salmon () fed a diet supplemented with an olive fruit extract (AQUOLIVE) was evaluated. At the end of the trial (133 days), in order to investigate the immunomodulatory properties of the phytogenic tested against a bacterial infection, an challenge with was performed. A total number of 1,027 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (805 up- and 222 downregulated) were found when comparing the transcriptomic profiling of the HK from fish fed the control and AQUOLIVE diets.

Feeding regimes affected the circadian rhythms of pancreatic digestive enzymes and somatic growth in flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) fry.

The effect of different feeding regimes on the circadian rhythms of pancreatic digestive enzyme activities was evaluated in Mugil cephalus fry weighting 0.34 ± 0.01 g.

Impact of dietary porcine blood by-products in meagre (Argyrosomus regius) physiology, evaluated by welfare biomarkers and the antibacterial properties of the skin mucus.

Tools are required for quick and easy preliminary evaluation of functional feeds efficiency on fisheries. The analysis of skin mucus biomarkers is a recent alternative approach providing a faster feed-back from the laboratory which is characterized by being less invasive, more rapid and with reduced costs. The effect of replacing fishmeal and fish protein hydrolysates by means of two porcine by-products, the porcine spray-dried plasma (SDPP) and pig protein hydrolysate (PPH), in compound diets (50.