Standardization of the use of opsonized zymosan as stimulus in the 1,2,3-dihydrorhodamine technique for the assessment of neutrophil respiratory burst.

Introduction: Chronic granulomatous disease is a defect in phagocytosis due to deficiency of gp91phox, p22phox, p47phox, p40phox, and p67phox (classic form of the disease). Recently, EROS and p40phox deficiency were described as responsible for the non-classical form of the disease. The 1,2,3-dihydrorhodamine oxidation technique, with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate as a stimulus, is performed to diagnose the classic chronic granulomatous disease.

The transcriptional regulator Lrp activates the expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis of tilimycin and tilivalline enterotoxins in .

The toxigenic strains secrete tilymicin and tilivalline enterotoxins, which cause antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis. Both enterotoxins are non-ribosomal peptides synthesized by enzymes encoded in two divergent operons clustered in a pathogenicity island. The transcriptional regulator Lrp (eucine-responsive egulatory rotein) controls the expression of several bacterial genes involved in virulence.

The effect of sulforaphane on markers of inflammation and metabolism in virally suppressed HIV patients.

There are currently 1.2 million people living with HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) in the United States. Virally suppressed HIV patients commonly experience chronic inflammation which increases the risk for other chronic conditions.

Computable species descriptions and nanopublications: applying ontology-based technologies to dung beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeinae).

Background: Taxonomy has long struggled with analysing vast amounts of phenotypic data due to computational and accessibility challenges. Ontology-based technologies provide a framework for modelling semantic phenotypes that are understandable by computers and compliant with FAIR principles. In this paper, we explore the use of Phenoscript, an emerging language designed for creating semantic phenotypes, to produce computable species descriptions.

Cultivation of Bovine Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Plant-Based Scaffolds in a Macrofluidic Single-Use Bioreactor for Cultured Meat.

Reducing production costs, known as scaling, is a significant obstacle in the advancement of cultivated meat. The cultivation process hinges on several key components, e.g.

DNA origami scaffold promoting nerve guidance and regeneration.

Self-assembly of biological elements into biomimetic cargo carriers for targeting and delivery is a promising approach. However, it still holds practical challenges. We developed a functionalization approach of DNA origami (DO) nanostructures with neuronal growth factor (NGF) for manipulating neuronal systems.

The nucleoid protein HU positively regulates the expression of type VI secretion systems in .

Unlabelled: is an emerging pathogen isolated in healthcare-associated infections. A major virulence factor of this bacterium is the type VI secretion system (T6SS). The genome of harbors two T6SS gene clusters (T6SS-1 and T6SS-2), and the functional characterization of both systems showed that these two T6SSs are not expressed under the same conditions.

Persona-PhysioSync AV: Personalized Interaction through Personality and Physiology Monitoring in Autonomous Vehicles.

The emergence of autonomous vehicles (AVs) marks a transformative leap in transportation technology. Central to the success of AVs is ensuring user safety, but this endeavor is accompanied by the challenge of establishing trust and acceptance of this novel technology. The traditional "one size fits all" approach to AVs may limit their broader societal, economic, and cultural impact.

Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Girón & Short (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae).

The water scavenger beetle genus Girón & Short, 2021 is revised using a combination of adult morphological and DNA sequence data. Thirty-eight new species are described: (Bolivia), (Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Suriname), (Brazil), (Brazil), (Brazil, French Guiana, Peru), (Venezuela), (Ecuador, Venezuela), (Peru), (Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela), (Brazil, Peru, Venezuela), (Brazil), (Brazil), (Venezuela), (Brazil), (Brazil), (Ecuador, Peru), (Brazil), (Peru, Suriname, Venezuela), (Bolivia), (Brazil), (Brazil, French Guiana, Suriname), (Ecuador), (Brazil), (Venezuela), (Venezuela), (Venezuela), (Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname), (Brazil, Guyana, Suriname), (Peru), (Peru), (Guyana, Venezuela), (Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay), (Brazil), (Peru), (Bolivia, Peru), (Brazil), and (Venezuela), (Peru). One new synonym is proposed: (Short, 2005) was determined to be a junior subjective synonym of (Fernández, 1982).

Cell Electrospinning: a Review of Materials and Methodologies for Biofabrication.

The process of electrohydrodynamic living cell microencapsulation inside a scaffold during the electrospinning (ES) process is called cell electrospinning (CE). Several studies demonstrate the feasibility of using cell electrospinning for biomedical applications, allowing for the direct biofabrication of living cells to be encapsulated in fibers for the formation of active biological scaffolds. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the materials and methodologies used in cell electrospinning, as well as their biomedical application in tissue engineering, is provided.

Highly-conserved regulatory activity of the ANR family in the virulence of diarrheagenic bacteria through interaction with master and global regulators.

ANR (AraC negative regulators) are a novel class of small regulatory proteins commonly found in enteric pathogens. Aar (AggR-activated regulator), the best-characterized member of the ANR family, regulates the master transcriptional regulator of virulence AggR and the global regulator HNS in enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) by protein-protein interactions. On the other hand, Rnr (RegA-negative regulator) is an ANR homolog identified in attaching and effacing (AE) pathogens, including Citrobacter rodentium and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), sharing only 25% identity with Aar.

Formalizing Invertebrate Morphological Data: A Descriptive Model for Cuticle-Based Skeleto-Muscular Systems, an Ontology for Insect Anatomy, and their Potential Applications in Biodiversity Research and Informatics.

The spectacular radiation of insects has produced a stunning diversity of phenotypes. During the past 250 years, research on insect systematics has generated hundreds of terms for naming and comparing them. In its current form, this terminological diversity is presented in natural language and lacks formalization, which prohibits computer-assisted comparison using semantic web technologies.

Decrease in Mortality from Sepsis: Impact of the Multidisciplinary Program for the Hematologic Patient at Very High Risk.

A program for the hematologic patient at very high risk of infections (HAR, from its initials in Spanish) was implemented, based on a multidisciplinary team and six measures intended to reduce the colonization and subsequent sepsis by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO). We aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of the HAR program in terms of MDRO infections mainly caused by carbapenemase-producing and multidrug-resistant , and sepsis-related mortality. We established retrospective comparisons between the pre-HAR period (2016-2018) and the post-HAR period (2018-2019), in patients who received a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and/or intensive chemotherapy to treat non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia (CH-AML).

Acute phase characteristics and long-term complications of pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 compared to non-COVID-19 cohort: a large single-centre study.

Background: To compare the severity of pulmonary embolism (PE) and the long-term complications between patients with and without COVID-19, and to investigate whether the tools for risk stratification of death are valid in this population.

Methods: We retrospectively included hospitalized patients with PE from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2022. Comparisons for acute episode characteristics, risk stratification of the PE, outcomes, and long-term complications were made between COVID and non-COVID patients.

The Assembly of Flagella in Enteropathogenic Requires the Presence of a Functional Type III Secretion System.

In enteropathogenic (EPEC), the production of flagella and the type III secretion system (T3SS) is activated in the presence of host cultured epithelial cells. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between expression of flagella and the T3SS. Mutants deficient in assembling T3SS basal and translocon components (Δ, Δ, Δ, Δ, Δ, and Δ), and in secreting effector molecules (Δ and Δ) were tested for flagella production under several growth conditions.

Novel approaches in the treatment of Hansen's disease (Leprosy): a case series of multidrug therapy of monthly rifampin, moxifloxacin, and minocycline (RMM) in the United States.

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends multidrug therapy (MDT) for the treatment of paucibacillary and multibacillary forms of leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease (HD). MDT combinations of dapsone, rifampin, and clofazimine have reduced the prevalence of the disease but are not without adverse effects impacting regimen adherence. Hence, an urgent need exists to consider alternative MDT regimens with an improved safety profile that promotes treatment adherence.

The EcpD Tip Adhesin of the Common Pilus Mediates Binding of Enteropathogenic to Extracellular Matrix Proteins.

The attachment of enteropathogenic (EPEC) to intestinal epithelial cells is facilitated by several adhesins; however, the individual host-cell receptors for pili-mediated adherence have not been fully characterized. In this study, we evaluated the hypothesis that the common pilus (ECP) tip adhesin protein EcpD mediates attachment of EPEC to several extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins (fibronectin, laminin, collagens I and IV, and mucin). We found that the Δ mutant, which lacks production of the EcpA filament but retains EcpD on the surface, adhered to these glycoproteins below the wild-type levels, while the Δ mutant, which does not display EcpA or EcpD, bound significantly less to these host glycoproteins.

Impact of host demography and evolutionary history on endosymbiont molecular evolution: A test in carpenter ants (genus ) and their endosymbionts.

Obligate endosymbioses are tight associations between symbionts and the hosts they live inside. Hosts and their associated obligate endosymbionts generally exhibit codiversification, which has been documented in taxonomically diverse insect lineages. Host demography (e.

[ProMover mobility scale. A unified language for the evaluation of hospitalized patients].

The International Classification of Functionality (CIF) defines mobility as the possibility of "moving by changing the position or location of the body or moving from one place to another, transporting, moving or manipulating objects, walking, running or climbing, and using various forms of transport". Physical therapy focuses on the assessment and management of movement problems. Determining mobility status is a central component of the health assessment of older adults since it is an important marker of physical abilities and independence, and a predictor of morbidity and mortality.

The Fis Nucleoid Protein Negatively Regulates the Phase Variation Switch of the Type 1 Pilus Operon in Enteropathogenic .

In the expression of type 1 pili (T1P) is determined by the site-specific inversion of the ON-OFF switch located immediately upstream of major fimbrial subunit gene . Here we investigated the role of virulence (Ler, GrlR, and GrlA) and global regulators (H-NS, IHF, and Fis) in the regulation of the switch in the human enteropathogenic (EPEC) O127:H6 strain E2348/69. This strain does not produce detectable T1P and PCR analysis of the switch confirmed that it is locked in the OFF orientation.

The Transcription of Flagella of Enteropathogenic O127:H6 Is Activated in Response to Environmental and Nutritional Signals.

The flagella of enteropathogenic (EPEC) O127:H6 E2348/69 mediate adherence to host proteins and epithelial cells. What environmental and nutritional signals trigger or down-regulate flagella expression in EPEC are largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed the influence of pH, oxygen tension, cationic and anionic salts (including bile salt), carbon and nitrogen sources, and catecholamines on the expression of the flagellin gene ( of E2348/69.

Perceptions of Advance Care Planning Needs of Persons Living With HIV in Appalachia: A Qualitative Descriptive Study.

Persons living with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are living longer, healthier lives due to advancements in antiretroviral therapies and access to lifelong treatment. Yet, in rural Appalachia, access to adequate medical care is complicated by factors such as geography and lack of access to resources. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of advance care planning (ACP) needs of persons living with HIV (PLWH) in Appalachian Tennessee and Alabama.