Comparative analyses of 32 complete plastomes of Tef ( ) accessions from Ethiopia: phylogenetic relationships and mutational hotspots.

is an important cereal crop in Ethiopia with excellent storage properties, high-quality food, and the unique ability to thrive in extreme environmental conditions. However, the application of advanced molecular tools for breeding and conservation of these species is extremely limited. Therefore, developing chloroplast genome resources and high-resolution molecular markers are valuable to population and biogeographic studies.