Exploring the atlantic part of the vertebral artery in the South Indian population and its implications in spine surgery.

Study Design: A descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional study of the atlantic part (V3) of the vertebral artery (VA).

Purpose: This study aimed to bridge the research gap in the morphometry of the V3 segment of the VA in the South Indian population.

Overview Of Literature: The microsurgical anatomy of this segment of the VA has been explored in various populations, and a thorough understanding of the anatomy and course of the VA, particularly the V3 segment, is essential to prevent iatrogenic complications.

Automated Detection and Screening of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Using Computed Tomography Images: A Comprehensive Review and Future Perspectives.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs due to the disruption in the normal functioning of the brain by sudden external forces. The primary and secondary injuries due to TBI include intracranial hematoma (ICH), raised intracranial pressure (ICP), and midline shift (MLS), which can result in significant lifetime disabilities and death. Hence, early diagnosis of TBI is crucial to improve patient outcome.

MutT Homolog1 has multifaceted role in glioma and is under the apparent orchestration by Hypoxia Inducible factor1 alpha.

Aims: The study focused on the expression and role of a recent potential cancer therapeutic target protein, MutT Homolog1 (MTH1). MTH1 gets activated in an increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) environment and removes the oxidized nucleotides from the cell. The study aimed to check the role of MTH1 in DNA damage and apoptosis, migration and angiogenesis and also to examine its regulation in glioma.

Intraoperative Temporal Horn Ventriculostomy for Brain Relaxation During Aneurysm Surgeries in Pterional Approaches.

Background: Achieving optimal brain relaxation is paramount in aneurysm surgery. Despite proper positioning and the use of newer anesthetic drugs and the administration of decongestants, it is often not possible to achieve satisfactory relaxation, which can lead to neurological deficits owing to excessive brain retraction. The present study aimed to provide detailed surgical notes regarding the novel technique of temporal horn tapping for intraoperative ventriculostomy.

Outcomes of Cranioplasty from a Tertiary Hospital in a Developing Country.

Introduction: Although cranioplasty (CP) is a straightforward procedure, it may result in a significant number of complications. These include infections, seizures, intracranial hematomas, and others. Many reports have stated that early CP is associated with higher complications; however, more recent articles have contradicted this opinion.

Outcome of Traumatic Brain Injury in the Elderly Population: A Tertiary Center Experience in a Developing Country.

Background: The growing elderly population has contributed to an increasing incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in this cohort worldwide. Here we describe our institutional experience in the management of TBI in elderly Indian patients.

Methods: This was a 3-year retrospective analysis of 73 consecutive patients age ≥65 years admitted to our university hospital with TBI.

High LC3/Beclin Expression Correlates with Poor Survival in Glioma: a Definitive Role for Autophagy as Evidenced by In Vitro Autophagic Flux.

Recent studies suggest the role of autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process, in determining the response of gliomas to treatment either positively or negatively. The study attempts to characterize autophagy in low and high-grade glioma by investigating the autophagic flux and clinical significance of autophagy proteins (LC3 and beclin 1) in a group of glioma patients. We evaluated the expression of autophagic markers in resected specimens of low-grade glioma (LGG) and high-grade glioma (HGG) tissues, by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.

Hemorrhagic presentation of intracranial pilocytic astrocytomas: literature review.

Pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs) are seemingly innocuous and benign tumors. However, in recent times, many case series have documented high rates of hemorrhage in these neoplasms. We hereby provide a detailed analysis on hemorrhagic pilocytic astrocytomas (HPA) in adults and report one such case managed at our institute.

Coexistent Supratentorial and Infratentorial Subdural Hygromas with Hydrocephalus After Chiari Decompression Surgery: Review of Literature.

Background: Foramen magnum decompression (FMD) is the standard procedure for Chiari I malformation. Although seemingly a straightforward procedure, recent articles have reported an increase in various complications. We describe a rare complication of coexistent supratentorial and infratentorial subdural hygromas (SDHs) with hydrocephalus noted after FMD and provide a detailed review of the literature on this topic.

Unruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysms presenting with seizure: Report of three cases and review of literature.

Aneurysms generally present with bleed and epileptogenic aneurysms are rare. Unruptured epilpetogenic anterior communicating artery aneurysms are extremely rare and anecdotal. We present three patients with unruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysms who presented with seizures and were surgically managed.

Case report: Thrombosed giant cavernous carotid artery aneurysm secondary to cervical internal carotid artery dissection: An unusual entity.

Spontaneous thrombosis of a giant intracranial aneurysm with parent artery occlusion is known. The exact mechanism is however unclear and various theories have been proposed. We present an unusual case of an angiographically documented cervical internal carotid artery (ICA) dissection, which led to total occlusion of the ICA distal to the dissected site, with acute cessation of forward blood flow.