Intravascular lithotripsy in calcified left main coronary artery: Procedural success and 1-year clinical outcomes.

Background: Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) has an excellent efficacy and safety profile in the treatment of calcified coronary lesions during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, data regarding its use on left main (LM) lesions are still limited.

Objective: We aimed to analyze the technical success and 1-year clinical outcomes in calcified LM lesions treated with IVL.

Intravascular Lithotripsy in Acute Coronary Syndromes: Procedural and One-Year Clinical Outcomes From the BENELUX-IVL Registry.

Background: Despite the excellent success and safety of intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) in heavily calcified lesions, evidence in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) remains limited.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the procedural and clinical outcomes of IVL in heavily calcified ACS.

Methods: Patients who underwent IVL between 2019 and 2024 from the ongoing prospective BENELUX registry were eligible for inclusion.

Discovery of potent dihydro-oxazinoquinolinone inhibitors of GuaB for the treatment of tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death from an infectious disease, and is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). More than 1 billion people worldwide are thought to harbor an M.

Evolving use and clinical outcomes of coronary intravascular lithotripsy: insights from an international, multicentre registry.

Background: Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) is increasingly used for treatment of coronary artery calcification. This study aimed to evaluate contemporary utilisation patterns, safety and efficacy of IVL in an unselected real-world patient cohort.

Methods: We included 454 patients undergoing IVL from May 2019 to February 2024 across seven centres in two European countries.

Procedural and clinical impact of intracoronary lithotripsy in heavily calcified aorto-ostial coronary lesions.

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention of calcified aorto-ostial lesions (AOL) pose unique challenges due to anatomical propensity for recoil, leading to poorer outcomes compared to non-AOL. Although intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) has shown excellent success and safety in heavily calcified plaques, evidence specific to AOL is limited. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of IVL in AOL versus non-AOL.

Look4LTRs: a Long terminal repeat retrotransposon detection tool capable of cross species studies and discovering recently nested repeats.

Plant genomes include large numbers of transposable elements. One particular type of these elements is flanked by two Long Terminal Repeats (LTRs) and can translocate using RNA. Such elements are known as LTR-retrotransposons; they are the most abundant type of transposons in plant genomes.

On a need-to-know basis: Young children distinguish conventional and privileged information.

Young children are biased to treat new information communicated to them as conventional, shareable, and known by others in their community. However, some information is privileged in the sense that is not intended to be shared with or known by all. The current study compared judgements regarding sharing conventional versus privileged information.

EnhancerTracker: Comparing cell-type-specific enhancer activity of DNA sequence triplets via an ensemble of deep convolutional neural networks.

Motivation: Transcriptional enhancers - unlike promoters - are unrestrained by distance or strand orientation with respect to their target genes, making their computational identification a challenge. Further, there are insufficient numbers of confirmed enhancers for many cell types, preventing robust training of machine-learning-based models for enhancer prediction for such cell types.

Results: We present , a novel tool that leverages an ensemble of deep separable convolutional neural networks to identify cell-type-specific enhancers with the need of only two confirmed enhancers.

Assessing the Clinical, Economic, and Health Resource Utilization Impacts of Prefilled Syringes Versus Conventional Medication Administration Methods: Results From a Systematic Literature Review.

Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to assess the clinical, economic, and health resource utilization outcomes associated with the use of prefilled syringes in medication administration compared with traditional preparation methods.

Data Sources: We conducted a systematic literature review to evaluate outcomes such as medication errors, wastage, time savings, and contamination in prefilled syringes. Our search encompassed multiple databases, including PubMed and Embase, for studies published between January 1, 2017, and November 1, 2022.

A commitment to Radiology: How Medical Students Can Navigate Through the Increased Competitiveness of Diagnostic Radiology.

In recent years, diagnostic radiology has become increasingly competitive leaving many applicants seeking to increase the strength of their applications. This paper aims to help inform future radiology applicants on how to prepare for a successful match into radiology. Using data from previous match cycles and from the radiology community, we provide recommendations on how to demonstrate commitment to radiology through creating interest groups, leading changes in their academic curriculums, becoming involved in local and national organizations, performing research, networking with fellow radiology colleagues, and seeking mentorship.

Evaluation of metric and representation learning approaches: Effects of representations driven by relative distance on the performance.

Several deep neural network architectures have emerged recently for metric learning. We asked which architecture is the most effective in measuring the similarity or dissimilarity among images. To this end, we evaluated six networks on a standard image set.

A Phase 1, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a tetravalent live attenuated dengue vaccine in adults.

Background: Dengue fever is an important public health problem, especially in Asia and South America. A tetravalent live attenuated dengue vaccine was manufactured in India after receipt of vaccine strains from NIAID, NIH, USA.

Methods: This was a Phase 1, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study performed in 60 healthy adults of 18 to 45 years.

Creating an evidence-based economic model for prefilled parenteral medication delivery in the hospital setting.

Objectives: Prefilled syringes (PFS) may offer clinical and economic advantages over conventional parenteral medication delivery methods (vials and ampoules). The benefits of converting from vials and ampoules to PFS have been explained in previous drug-specific economic models; however, these models have limited generalisability to different drugs, healthcare settings and other countries. Our study aims to (1) present a comprehensive economic model to assess the impact of switching from vials to PFS delivery; and (2) illustrate through two case studies the model's utility by highlighting important features of shifting from vials to PFS.

Parent communication with care teams and preparation for family meetings in the paediatric cardiac ICU: a qualitative study.

Objective: The paediatric cardiac ICU presents unique challenges to optimal communication practices, which may impact participation in medical decision-making and long-term psychosocial outcomes for families. This study characterised parent perceptions of (1) team practices that impeded or facilitated communication and (2) preparation for family meetings with interprofessional care teams during extended cardiac ICU admissions.

Methods: A purposive sample of parents of children admitted to the cardiac ICU was selected to participate in interviews about their communication experiences.

Efficacy of Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy and Intrathecal Baclofen Pump in the Management of Spasticity.

Background: Neurosurgical indications and interventions provided in the management of spasticity have evolved significantly over time. Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) and intrathecal baclofen (ITB) pumps have been used to improve mobility, reduce lower extremity spasticity, and increase quality of life in patients with various diagnoses.

Methods: Studies describing ITB and SDR outcomes in adult and pediatric patients were identified from Medline and Embase databases.

MeShClust v3.0: high-quality clustering of DNA sequences using the mean shift algorithm and alignment-free identity scores.

Background: Tools for accurately clustering biological sequences are among the most important tools in computational biology. Two pioneering tools for clustering sequences are CD-HIT and UCLUST, both of which are fast and consume reasonable amounts of memory; however, there is a big room for improvement in terms of cluster quality. Motivated by this opportunity for improving cluster quality, we applied the mean shift algorithm in MeShClust v1.

Sacubitril/Valsartan: A New Dawn has Begun! A Revisited Review.

Heart Failure (HF) is among the major causes of global morbidity as well as mortality. Increased prevalence, frequent and prolonged hospitalization, rehospitalization, long-term consumption of healthcare resources, absenteeism, and death upsurge the economic burden linked to HF. For decades, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs), Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs), Beta-Blockers (BBs), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA), have remained the mainstay of the standard of care for HF management.

Improving long-term outcomes in pediatric torcular dural sinus malformations with embolization and anticoagulation: a retrospective review of The Hospital for Sick Children experience.

Objective: Torcular dural sinus malformations (tDSMs) are rare pediatric cerebrovascular malformations characterized by giant venous lakes localized to the midline confluence of sinuses. Historical clinical outcomes of patients with these lesions were poor, though better prognoses have been reported in the more recent literature. Long-term outcomes in children with tDSMs are uncertain and require further characterization.

Angiographic and Clinical Profile of Patients With COVID-19 Referred for Coronary Angiography During SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak: Results From a Collaborative, European, Multicenter Registry.

Data regarding angiographic characteristics, clinical profile, and inhospital outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) referred for coronary angiography (CAG) are scarce. This is an observational study analyzing confirmed patients with COVID-19 referred for CAG from 10 European centers. We included 57 patients (mean age: 66 ± 15 years, 82% male) , of whom 18% had previous myocardial infarction (MI) and 29% had renal insufficiency and chronic pulmonary disease.

: rapid alignment-free prediction of sequence alignment identity scores using self-supervised general linear models.

Pairwise global alignment is a fundamental step in sequence analysis. Optimal alignment algorithms are quadratic-slow especially on long sequences. In many applications that involve large sequence datasets, all what is needed is calculating the identity scores (percentage of identical nucleotides in an optimal alignment-including gaps-of two sequences); there is no need for visualizing how every two sequences are aligned.

Single-molecule nanopore sequencing reveals extreme target copy number heterogeneity in arylomycin-resistant mutants.

Tandem gene amplification is a frequent and dynamic source of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Ongoing expansions and contractions of repeat arrays during population growth are expected to manifest as cell-to-cell differences in copy number (CN). As a result, a clonal bacterial culture could comprise subpopulations of cells with different levels of antibiotic sensitivity that result from variable gene dosage.

Automated estimation of echocardiogram image quality in hospitalized patients.

We developed a machine learning model for efficient analysis of echocardiographic image quality in hospitalized patients. This study applied a machine learning model for automated transthoracic echo (TTE) image quality scoring in three inpatient groups. Our objectives were: (1) Assess the feasibility of a machine learning model for echo image quality analysis, (2) Establish the comprehensiveness of real-world TTE reporting by clinical group, and (3) Determine the relationship between machine learning image quality and comprehensiveness of TTE reporting.