Disparities exist among US adolescents in the receipt of transition to adult healthcare services: the differential impact of social determinants of health, healthcare needs, and COVID-19.

Introduction: We examined the influence of special healthcare needs, onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, and their interaction on receiving transition services to prepare for future adult care among US adolescents, and whether social determinants of health moderated the relationship of these factors with receiving transition services.

Methods: We analyzed the National Survey of Children's Health (2019, 2020-2021) using adjusted multivariable logistic regression models. We assessed a repeated cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of adolescents aged 12-17 years old.

Healthcare transition readiness of families of youth with cystic fibrosis during COVID-19: A correlational multicenter analysis.

Background: Enhancing family readiness for the healthcare transition (HCT) to adult-focused care can help adolescents and young adults (AYA) thrive in adulthood. We aimed to explore modifiable and non-modifiable individual, family, and healthcare factors associated with HCT readiness of AYA among families of AYA with cystic fibrosis (CF) during COVID-19.

Methods: A multi-site, cross-sectional design was used and an online survey was deployed among families and their AYA from three US pediatric CF centers.

Perceptions of caregivers and adolescents/young adults with cystic fibrosis regarding health care transition readiness during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study.

Purpose: Medical advances have increased the life expectancy of adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cystic fibrosis (CF) and importance of high-quality health care transitions (HCT) from pediatric-to-adult focused health care. The purpose of this study was to describe perceptions of HCT readiness among caregivers and AYA with CF during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design And Methods: Using a qualitative descriptive design, caregivers and AYA aged 12-21 years old were recruited from three large CF care centers across the eastern U.

Identifying unmet needs of older adults transitioning from home health care to independence at home: A qualitative study.

Health care practices to prepare older adults and their family caregivers for transitions from home health care (HHC) to independence at home are rarely studied. The objective of this multiple case study was to describe HHC patient and clinician perceptions of unmet needs after HHC discharge and recommendations to address them in future research. In this qualitative study, data were collected using chart-reviews and semi-structured interviews with paired patients (or caregivers as proxy) and HHC clinicians (N=17 pairs).

Systematic Review of Cognitive Impairment in Colorectal Cancer Survivors Who Received Chemotherapy.

Problem Identification: Cognitive impairment is a common and troublesome side effect experienced by many cancer survivors. It can have a significant impact on survivors' ability to function and enjoy a high quality of life. However, most cognitive impairment research has focused on breast cancer survivors, despite the high rates of colorectal cancer and the toxicity of treatment agents in some colorectal cancer chemotherapeutic regimens, which have been linked to cognitive impairment.

Leaf metabolic signatures induced by real and simulated herbivory in black mustard (Brassica nigra).

Introduction: The oxylipin methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is a plant hormone active in response signalling and defence against herbivores. Although MeJA is applied experimentally to mimic herbivory and induce plant defences, its downstream effects on the plant metabolome are largely uncharacterized, especially in the context of primary growth and tissue-specificity of the response.

Objectives: We investigated the effects of MeJA-simulated and real caterpillar herbivory on the foliar metabolome of the wild plant Brassica nigra and monitored the herbivore-induced responses in relation to leaf ontogeny.

Gastrointestinal infections presenting in general practice in Scotland.

Objectives: To determine the incidence of gastrointestinal infections (GII) presenting to general practitioners (GPs) in Scotland, To record the demographic and clinical characteristics of persons presenting with GII, To determine the proportion and characteristics of GII investigated in the laboratory, To report on the microbiological aetiology of the GII.

Design: Descriptive epidemiological study.

Setting: Twenty three general practices in Scotland serving a total practice population of 152,471.

A negative double-contrast barium meal--qualified reassurance.

Four hundred and forty-one consecutive patients referred for endoscopy after a negative double-contrast barium meal were studied to determine the reliability of good quality radiology in excluding significant upper gastrointestinal pathology. Endoscopic abnormalities were detected in 23 patients (5.2%), nine of which were reporting errors.

'The fat-encrusted colon'. A radiological abnormality of colonic mucosa occurring in patients with steatorrhoea.

The clinical and radiological features of six cases of fat-encrusted colon are described. In patients with steatorrhoea, despite standard colonic preparation, fat may adhere to colonic mucosa and produce a radiological appearance that simulates the changes of inflammatory bowel disease. Steatorrhoea was due to coeliac disease in five patients, the sixth being a case of primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Endoscopic and radiological assessment of recurrent ulceration after peptic ulcer surgery.

One hundred and eighteen patients with dyspepsia after peptic ulcer surgery were assessed by a double contrast barium meal and fibre-optic endoscopy, for the possibility of recurrent ulceration. There was overall endoscopic-radiological agreement in 89%. It is concluded that the two techniques are complementary and that a double contrast barium meal performed and interpreted by an experienced radiologist can demonstrate the presence or absence of a recurrent peptic ulcer with an acceptable degree of accuracy.

Patient-orientated gastroenterology.

Analysis of the first year's working of a combined gastroenterology clinic in a district hospital has shown that the major benefit was improved patient management. Hospital attendances were reduced, the diagnostic process accelerated, and unnecessary radiological investigations and surgical operations avoided. There were no obvious major disadvantages.

Lymphatic cysts of the colon.

A patient with a lymphatic cyst of the descending colon is reported. He underwent segmental resection of the colon. The clinical features, pathology, radiology, and treatment of these lesions are reviewed.