Detection of Docetaxel-induced Interstitial Pneumonitis on Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT Imaging.

Ga-68 labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) is increasingly recognized as the best imaging modality for disease staging and detection of recurrent prostate cancer. Despite its name, PSMA expression has been reported in the neovasculature of several nonprostatic benign and malignant pathologies. Docetaxel, a taxane antineoplastic agent, is the mainstay of treatment in castration-resistant prostate cancer and high-volume hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.

Clinical study of steroid receptors in nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer: A domain worth revisiting.

Introduction: The prognostic significance of steroid receptors in bladder cancer remains controversial. This study was designed to determine the expression status of androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptors (ERα and Erβ), and its potential role in predicting survival in patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Methods: Sixty patients of NMIBC were screened and 57 (41 males and 16 females) were included in our study.

Renal artery pseudoaneurysm following robot assisted nephron sparing surgery: two case reports.

Background: Renal artery pseudoaneurysm following partial nephrectomy is a rare entity, the incidence of this entity is more common following penetrating abdominal injuries, percutaneous renal interventions such as percutaneous nephrostomy(PCN) or Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Although rare, renal artery pseudoaneurysm can be life threatening if not managed timely, they usually present within two weeks postoperatively with usual presenting complains being gross haematuria, flank pain and/or anaemia.

Case Presentation: We report case of two female patients 34 and 57 year old respectively of South Asian ethnicity, presenting with renal artery pseudoaneurysm following left sided robot assisted nephron sparing surgery for interpolar masses presenting clinically with total, painless, gross haematuria with clots within fifteen days postoperatively and their successful treatment by digital subtraction angiography and coil embolization.

Penile Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma in a Child.

An 8-year-old boy initially thought to have a penile arteriovenous malformation was later diagnosed with a rare vascular sarcoma, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE). Despite challenges in diagnosis, he underwent supraselective angioembolization and partial penectomy for oncological clearance. EHE, a low-grade malignancy, requires prompt identification and treatment due to potential systemic involvement.

Accuracy of combined multi-parametric MRI and PSMA PET-CT in diagnosing localized prostate cancer: newer horizons for a biopsy-free pathway.

Introduction: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a reliable biomarker for identification of prostate cancer, although a biopsy is still the gold standard for detecting prostate cancer. Similar to higher PIRADS lesions on MRI, the maximal standard uptake value (SUV max) on PSMA PET is linked to a higher likelihood of prostate cancer. Can an mpMRI in conjunction with PSMA PET Scan accurately predict prostate cancer and further trigger omission of biopsy similar to other solid organ urological malignancies?

Methods: Ga-68 PSMA PET and mpMRI were performed for each patient who was a part of this retrospective study.

68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT in Adrenal Schwannoma.

Adrenal schwannoma is a rare adrenal incidentaloma. It is a benign tumor arising from the Schwann cells. Differentiating benign from malignant adrenal lesions requires a combination of clinical, biochemical, imaging, and histopathological findings.

Transurethral lidocaine (100 mg) bladder irrigation (TULI100) reduces the incidence of catheter related bladder discomfort in transurethral resection of bladder tumors: A randomized, double blind, controlled trial.

Background: Transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) surgeries requires post-resection catheterization for continuous irrigation of the bladder. This indwelling catheter is associated with distressing catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) and increases postoperative pain and agitation.

Objectives: To prove the hypothesis that transurethral 100 mg lidocaine irrigation at the end of TURBT can reduce the frequency of moderate-to-severe postoperative CRBD.

Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for moderate to highly complex renal masses. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Multiple studies have been published recently assessing feasibility of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) for moderate to highly complex renal masses. Some studies have even compared partial nephrectomy (PN) performed through various modalities such as open PN (OPN) versus RAPN and laparoscopic PN (LPN) versus OPN. The primary aim of this review was to analyze perioperative outcomes such as warm ischemia time (WIT), duration of surgery, estimated blood loss (EBL), complications, blood transfusion, length of stay, and margin status following RAPN for complex renal masses.

Current practice patterns in the perioperative management of patients undergoing radical cystectomy: Results from a global survey.

Objective: To determine current practice patterns and adherence to various components of enhanced recovery after surgery in cystectomy (ERAC) protocol for peri-operative management of radical cystectomy patients through a global survey.

Methods: A survey containing 25 questions and addressing 15 of the 22 items of the ERAC protocol was developed and disseminated through Email to the urologists with recent bladder cancer publications. The mailing list was generated by retrieving Email-ids of corresponding authors of articles using the keyword "cystectomy" in Scopus from January 2018 to October 2020.

Trifecta and pentafecta outcomes following robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for hilar versus nonhilar tumors: A propensity-matched analysis.

Introduction: Hilar tumors are a unique subset of complex renal masses posing a potential surgical challenge during partial nephrectomy. The outcomes of hilar masses have not been compared to non-hilar renal masses of similar RENAL nephrometry score (RNS). In this study, we analyzed the outcomes of hilar versus nonhilar masses after a propensity score matching.

Effect of Transurethral Resection of the Prostate on Urodynamic Parameters in Patients with Benign Prostatic Enlargement with Upper Urinary Tract Dilatation.

Objective: To evaluate the urodynamic outcomes of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in patients of benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) with upper urinary tract dilatation and correlate with International Prostate Symptoms Score (I-PSS).

Methods: In this prospective study, patients of BPE with upper urinary tract dilatation from July 2017 to June 2019 were enrolled. At presentation, detailed I-PSS, ultrasonography abdomen, serum creatinine, and serum PSA were recorded.

Health-Related Quality-of-Life Outcomes with Actinium-225-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-617 Therapy in Patients with Heavily Pretreated Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Aims: Actinium-225 (Ac) labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-617 is a novel treatment modality in the management of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The present study was conducted to assess the impact of Ac-PSMA-617 therapy on the quality-of-life of patients with heavily pretreated mCRPC using the National Comprehensive Cancer Network-Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate Symptom Index-17 (NCCN-FACT-FPSI-17) questionnaire.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective single-center study where data of consecutive heavily pretreated mCRPC patients treated with Ac-PSMA-617 from January 2019 to February 2020, was collected and analyzed for the biochemical response, quality-of-life outcomes and treatment-related toxicity.

Dorsolateral inner preputial graft urethroplasty for anterior urethral strictures: long-term outcomes from a single tertiary care centre.

Purpose: Buccal mucosa graft (BMG) is long used as favoured substitute by most reconstructive surgeons for substitution urethroplasty (SU). Though inner preputial skin graft (IPG) was described even earlier than BMG, its usage lately has fallen out of favour. The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcome of a SU with IPG from a tertiary care centre.

Safety and efficacy of "on-demand" tramadol in patients with premature ejaculation: an updated meta-analysis.

Introduction: Tramadol has been used for the treatment of premature ejaculation, however, the studies published for the same are not well designed. The primary objective of this study was to explore the literature pertaining to the use of tramadol in patients with PE to determine its safety and efficacy in this population. Materials ande methods: Systematic literature search of various electronic databases was conducted to include all the randomized studies and quasi-randomized studies.

External validation of SPARE nephrometery score in predicting overall complications, trifecta and pentafecta outcomes following robot-assisted partial nephrectomy.

Background: There is an ongoing need and search for a simple yet accurate nephrometry scoring system for predicting the postoperative outcomes after partial nephrectomy (PN). Simplified PADUA Renal (SPARE) Nephrometry Scoring System, a simplified version of Preoperative Aspects and Dimensions Used for an Anatomical Classification (PADUA) has been proposed as a predictor of postoperative complications following PN recently. However, this score has never been externally validated and assessed as a predictor of trifecta and pentafecta outcomes of PN.

Prolonged natural history of a cystic renal cell carcinoma: A case report.

We describe the successful management of a 50-year male who presented with gradually progressive abdominal swelling for over 20 years. The highlights of the case are giant renal mass occupying the whole abdomen and the absence of metastasis despite a long history.

Trapped Flexible Ureteroscope in Ureteral Access Sheath During Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery: An Unexpected Problem.

Instrument-related complications occur occasionally with the use of flexible ureteroscopes. In this study, we present a unique problem related to instrument malfunction of flexible ureteroscope during retrograde intrarenal surgery. A 60-year-old male patient with a 1.

Does Miniaturization Actually Decrease Bleeding After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy? A Single-Center Randomized Trial.

Miniaturization of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mPCNL) was proposed to decrease postoperative bleeding, as there is decreased parenchymal injury compared with standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy (SPCNL). Published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating bleeding after mPCNL have shown conflicting results. Hence, the evidence to say that mPCNL offers less postoperative bleeding is not robust.

Endovascular Management of Renal Arteriovenous Fistula With Large Aneurysm Masquerading as a Renal Cyst.

Large renal aneurysms can masquerade as simple renal cysts on ultrasound, especially if Doppler examination is not routinely done to assess flow characteristics. We present a case report of a 26-year-old male, as a clinical challenge in urology, who had minimal symptoms, yet had an arteriovenous fistula with a large aneurysm which was diagnosed as a parapelvic cyst on ultrasound. Endovascular treatment of the arteriovenous fistula was done using a vascular plug with satisfactory outcomes.

Robot-assisted Repair of Complex Vesicovaginal Fistulae: Feasibility and Outcomes.

Objective: To share our experience and techniques of robot-assisted repair of complex vesicovaginal fistulae.

Methods: Prospectively maintained data of patients undergoing robot-assisted repair of complex vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) from December 2014 to October 2019 were analyzed. Patient characteristics, operative data, postoperative events, and follow-up outcomes were noted.