Evaluation of three 4"-deoxy-4"-sulfonamido-oleandomycin derivatives with erythromycin-like antibacterial potency.

Three derivatives of oleandomycin in which the C"-4 hydroxyl moiety was replaced for the first time with a nitrogen functionality have been compared with erythromycin base and oleandomycin base. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of these derivatives for 90% of a group of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were one-half to one-fourth those of erythromycin. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the experimental macrolides for 50% of a group of S.

Impairment of membrane phosphoinositide metabolism by aminoglycoside antibiotics: streptomycin, amikacin, kanamycin, dibekacin, gentamicin and neomycin.

Like many amphiphilic cationic drugs, aminoglycosides are able to produce phospholipidosis, mainly by inhibiting enzymes involved in phospholipid metabolism. Phosphoinositides have been suggested to function as receptors for aminoglycosides. Therefore, we investigated the influence of these drugs upon phosphoinositide metabolism by measuring the 32P-incorporation into the polyphosphoinositides, using the rat erythrocyte membrane as a model.

Triphosphoinositide breakdown and dense body release as the earliest events in thrombin-induced activation of human platelets.

The activation by thrombin of human platelets prelabelled with 32P induced a 30-40% decrease in 32P-triphosphoinositides (TPI) in the first 10 sec; the decrease in the other 32P-labelled phosphoinositides occurred by 20-30 sec. At 10 sec., the intensity of these effects was maximum with 0.

Cells with neuronal properties in permanent cultures of quail embryo neuroretinas infected with Rous sarcoma virus.

Neuroretina cells from 7-day quail embryos infected 'in vitro' with the mutant ts NY-68 of Rous sarcoma virus, were established into permanent cultures. An initial stage of cellular proliferation was followed by a period of minimal multiplication. After recovery from this crisis, cell proliferation resumed.

Seroepidemiological survey of maedi-visna virus infection in sheep and goat flocks in Quebec.

Maedi-visna, a chronic viral disease of adult sheep characterized by progressive dyspnoea or neurological manifestations, was first recognized and described clinically in Canada in 1970. Seroepidemiological study was conducted in sheep and goats in various areas of Quebec. Sera of 10% of the animals of selected flocks were collected and specific antibodies against maedi-visna virus were tested by a modified direct complement fixation test.

Altered turnover of polyphosphoinositides in the erythrocyte membrane of the spontaneously hypertensive rat.

The metabolism of inositol phospholipids of the erythrocyte membrane was compared in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY), spontaneously hypertensive (SHR), and stroke-prone SHR (SHR-SP) rats. This was performed on isolated ghost membranes by measuring the incorporation of 32P from [ gamma-32P ] adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into the diphosphoinositides (DPI) and the triphosphoinositides (TPI) which were the only 32P-labeled phospholipids. 32P-labeling of TPI was altered in adult and 3-week-old SHR as well as in SHR-SP compared to WKY controls; the radioactivity associated with TPI in hypertensive rats was about 30% lower than that associated with TPI in age-matched normotensive controls.

A neuronal clone derived from a Rous sarcoma virus-transformed quail embryo neuroretina established culture.

Neuroretina (NR) is an evagination of the central nervous system (CNS) which is composed of photoreceptors, glial (Müller) cells and horizontal, bipolar, amacrine and ganglion neuronal cells. We describe here the usefulness of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) in the establishment of a neuronal clone from quail embryo neuroretina. When primary cultures of chick and quail embryo neuroretina cells are transformed by RSV, neuronal markers such as ribbon synapses, choline acetyltransferase (CAT) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) specific activity are present.

[Immunoreactive neuropeptides in cell lines derived from nervous and non nervous tissues].

Immunoreactive neuropeptides have been found in cells of permanent lines originating from nervous (cerebellum, retina) and non nervous (mesenchyme, kidney, bladder, colon, lung, melanocyte) tissues. The pattern of neuropeptides varied from one cell type to another, but all the cell lines studied contained immunoreactive alpha-endorphin and methionin-enkephalin.

Expression of neuronal markers in chick and quail embryo neuroretina cultures infected with Rous sarcoma virus.

Cultures of neuroretina (NR) cells from 7-day chick and quail embryos were infected with ts NY-68, a thermosensitive mutant of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) which transformed NR cells at 36 degrees C. The following differentiation markers for neurones were studied: tetanus toxin-binding sites at the cell surfaces, presence of synapses, and the specific activity of the enzymes choline acetyltransferase (CAT) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). Appearance of synapses and expression of CAT were similar in control and transformed cultures.

[Demonstration of neuropeptides in cultured neuroretinal cells of chick embryo].

Immunoreactive neuropeptides have been found in cultures of neuroretina cells obtained from 7 day Chick embryos. Methionine-enkephalin and thyroliberin (TRH) were present in a large number of neurons, while somatostatin, beta-melanotropin (MSH) and alpha-endorphin were occasionally seen in a few neurons. In cultures devoid of neurons and probably made of Müller (astroglial) cells, methionine-enkephalin, alpha-MSH and TRH were each detected in 60 to 80% of the cells.

Gamma ray inactivation of some animal viruses.

Twenty samples of animal viruses comprising 14 different viruses in 12 families were subjected to varying doses of gamma irradiation from a 60Co source in a Gamma Cell 220 (Atomic Energy of Canada Limited) to determine lethal dose levels. The dose responses appeared linear throughout inactivation. The D10 values, that is the dose necessary to reduce infectivity by one log10, ranged from less than 0.

CP-45,899 in combination with penicillin or ampicillin against penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, and Bacteroides.

CP-45,899 is a new, semisynthetic beta-lactamase inhibitor. When tested alone, CP-45,899 displayed only weak antibacterial activity, with the notable exception of its potent action against penicillin-susceptible and -resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae. A combination of 3.

[Presence of volatile nitrosamines in food].

122 foods and 46 beers from the north-east of France and other areas are analysed. The solid frozen samples are finely ground, homogenized and suspended in mineral oil. The volatile nitrosamines are vacuum distilled and extracted with dichloromethane from the acidified distillate.

[Hydroxy 9-methyl 2-ellipticinium acetate (NSC 264-137). Toxicologic study and therapeutic effect in 100 cancers (author's transl)].

A new derivative of ellipticine, hydroxy-9-methyl-2-ellipticinium acetate, was found to be a useful anti-tumor drug in advanced cancers which could not be treated any longer successfully by any other procedure. In our series of 100 patients, the best results were obtained with bone metastases from breast carcinomas and with anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. Most patients usually received a weekly perfusion of 80 mg/m2.

Diurnal variations of plasma lipoproteins and liver lipids in rats fed starch sucrose or fat.

The incidence of the dietary source of energy on lipid transport and accumulation was investigated over a full nycthemeral cycle in adapted rats fed ad libitum. Starch, sucrose and lard were compared. Lipoprotein composition of the plasma, liver and plasma lipids and insulinemia were analyzed every 3 hours over 24 hours.

Studies on intercellular adhesion. III. Adhesion of cells to isotypic or heterotypic collecting particles and monolayers.

Adhesion between cells of different tissues from chick embryos was studied by the modified collecting particle (Pessac et al., '77a) and stationary monolayer assays. These assays measure the number of 3H labeled cells that adhere to the surface of cell aggregates and tissue fragments or on top of cell monolayers.

CP-45,899, a beta-lactamase inhibitor that extends the antibacterial spectrum of beta-lactams: initial bacteriological characterization.

CP-45,899 {3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 4,4-dioxide, [2S-(2alpha,5alpha)]} is an irreversible inhibitor of several bacterial penicillinases and cephalosporinases.