Plasma NfL, GFAP, amyloid, and p-tau species as Prognostic biomarkers in Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: The prognostic role of plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL), phospho-tau, beta-amyloid, and GFAP is still debated in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: Plasma p-tau181, p-tau231, Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42, GFAP, and NfL were measured by SIMOA in 136 PD with 2.9 + 1.

The impact of time since SARS-Cov-2 vaccination, age, sex and comorbidities on COVID-19 outcome in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

We evaluated the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on disease outcome in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection with a prospective study. 745 vaccinated and 451 unvaccinated patients consecutively admitted to a COVID-19 Hospital from 1st September 2021 to 1st September 2022 were included. Compared with unvaccinated cases, vaccinated patients were older, had more comorbidities, but had a lower risk of O2 need (odds ratio, OR, 0.

Increased risk of functional neurological disorders following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

Background And Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible correlation between SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the onset of neurological syndromes. The aim was to challenge the association between SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations and the onset of acute functional neurological disorders (FNDs) compared to other neurological syndromes in hospitalized patients.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, all adult inpatients consecutively admitted to a tertiary neurological centre were included.

Incidence and Long-term Functional Outcome of Neurologic Disorders in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 Infected With Pre-Omicron Variants.

Background And Objectives: A variety of neurologic disorders have been reported as presentations or complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. The objective of this study was to determine their incidence dynamics and long-term functional outcome.

Methods: The Neuro-COVID Italy study was a multicenter, observational, cohort study with ambispective recruitment and prospective follow-up.

Cognitive and biological effects of citrus phytochemicals in subjective cognitive decline: a 36-week, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Auraptene (AUR) and naringenin (NAR) are citrus-derived phytochemicals that influence several biological mechanisms associated with cognitive decline, including neuronal damage, oxidative stress and inflammation. Clinical evidence of the efficacy of a nutraceutical with the potential to enhance cognitive function in cohorts at risk of cognitive decline would be of great value from a preventive perspective. The primary aim of this study is to determine the cognitive effects of a 36-week treatment with citrus peel extract standardized in levels of AUR and NAR in older adults experiencing subjective cognitive decline (SCD).

Predictors of "brain fog" 1 year after COVID-19 disease.

Introduction: Brain fog has been described up to 1 year after SARS-CoV-2 infection, notwithstanding the underlying mechanisms are still poorly investigated. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of cognitive complaints at 1-year follow-up and to identify the factors related to persistent brain fog in COVID-19 patients.

Methods: Out of 246 COVID patients, hospitalized from March 1st to May 31st, a sample of 137 patients accepted to be evaluated at 1 year from discharge, through a full clinical, neurological, and psychological examination, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), impact of event scale-revised (IES-R), Zung self-rating depression scale (SDS), Zung self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and fatigue severity scale (FSS).

Neurological and Mental Health Symptoms Associated with Post-COVID-19 Disability in a Sample of Patients Discharged from a COVID-19 Ward: A Secondary Analysis.

Recent studies suggest that COVID-19 survivors may experience long-term health consequences: in particular, neurological and mental health symptoms might be associated with long-term negative outcomes. This study is a secondary analysis of a larger cohort study and aims to determine the extent to which neurological and mental health sequelae are associated with survivors' disability. Participants include COVID-19 survivors, with no pre-morbid brain conditions, who were discharged from the COVID-19 Unit of the ASST Spedali Civili Hospital between February and April 2020.

Plasma Cystatin C Correlates with Plasma NfL Levels and Predicts Disease Progression in Parkinson's Disease.

Introduction: Previous studies reported increased plasma levels of cystatin C (Cys-C) in Parkinson's disease (PD) and claimed for a possible association with disease severity and progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate plasma Cys-C in PD and healthy controls (HC) and test its association with markers of peripheral inflammation, neurodegeneration, and clinical progression in a longitudinal study.

Methods: Plasma Cys-C, high-sensitive C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and neurofilament light chain (NfL) were assessed at the baseline in 71 consecutive non-demented PD and 69 HC.

Clinical outcome of neurological patients with COVID-19: the impact of healthcare organization improvement between waves.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the differences in clinical presentations and the impact of healthcare organization on outcomes of neurological COVID-19 patients admitted during the first and second pandemic waves.

Methods: In this single-center cohort study, we included all patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to a Neuro-COVID Unit. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were compared between patients admitted during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Neurological involvement associated with COVID-19 disease: a study on psychosocial factors.

Background: Several people affected by COVID-19 experienced neurological manifestations, altered sleep quality, mood disorders, and disability following hospitalization for a long time.

Objective: To explore the impact of different neurological symptoms on sleep quality, mood, and disability in a consecutive series of patients previously hospitalized for COVID-19 disease.

Methods: We evaluated 83 patients with COVID-19 around 3 months after hospital discharge.

Imaging features and ultraearly hematoma growth in intracerebral hemorrhage associated with COVID-19.

Purpose: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is an uncommon but deadly event in patients with COVID-19 and its imaging features remain poorly characterized. We aimed to describe the clinical and imaging features of COVID-19-associated ICH.

Methods: Multicenter, retrospective, case-control analysis comparing ICH in COVID-19 patients (COV19 +) versus controls without COVID-19 (COV19 -).

Premorbid vulnerability and disease severity impact on Long-COVID cognitive impairment.

Background: Cognitive deficits have been increasingly reported as possible long-term manifestations after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Aims: In this study we aimed at evaluating the factors associated with cognitive deficits 6 months after hospitalization for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: One hundred and six patients, discharged from a pneumology COVID-19 unit between March 1 and May 30 2020, accepted to be evaluated at 6 months according to an extensive neurological protocol, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).

Long-term neurological manifestations of COVID-19: prevalence and predictive factors.

Background: Clinical investigations have argued for long-term neurological manifestations in both hospitalised and non-hospitalised COVID-19 patients. It is unclear whether long-term neurological symptoms and features depend on COVID-19 severity.

Methods: From a sample of 208 consecutive non-neurological patients hospitalised for COVID-19 disease, 165 survivors were re-assessed at 6 months according to a structured standardised clinical protocol.

Plasma Neurofilament Light Chain Predicts Cognitive Progression in Prodromal and Clinical Dementia with Lewy Bodies.

Plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a marker of neuronal damage in different neurological disorders and might predict disease progression in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The study enrolled 45 controls and 44 DLB patients (including 17 prodromal cases) who underwent an extensive assessment at baseline and at 2 years follow-up. At baseline, plasma NfL levels were higher in both probable DLB and prodromal cases compared to controls.

Plasma NfL, clinical subtypes and motor progression in Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels have been proposed as reliable biomarkers of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD) but the relationship between plasma NfL, clinical subtypes of PD and motor progression is still debated.

Methods: plasma NfL concentration was measured in 45 healthy controls and consecutive 92 PD patients who underwent an extensive motor and non-motor assessment at baseline and after 2 years of follow-up. PD malignant phenotype was defined as the combination of at least two out of cognitive impairment, orthostatic hypotension and REM sleep behavior disorder.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of inpatients with neurologic disease and COVID-19 in Brescia, Lombardy, Italy.

Objective: To report clinical and laboratory characteristics, treatment, and clinical outcomes of patients admitted for neurologic diseases with and without coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: In this retrospective, single-center cohort study, we included all adult inpatients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to a neuro-COVID unit beginning February 21, 2020, who had been discharged or died by April 5, 2020. Demographic, clinical, treatment, and laboratory data were extracted from medical records and compared (false discovery rate corrected) to those of neurologic patients without COVID-19 admitted in the same period.

Extrastriatal dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways in Parkinson's disease and in dementia with Lewy bodies: a I-FP-CIT SPECT study.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate extrastriatal dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) using I-FP-CIT SPECT imaging.

Methods: The study groups comprised 56 PD patients without dementia, 41 DLB patients and 54 controls. Each patient underwent a standardized neurological examination and I-FP-CIT SPECT.

A neuro-oncologic challenge: the case of a large, aggressive, malignant meningioma of the skull base with paranasal sinus involvement.

Background: Malignant meningiomas, rare tumors that account for approximately 1%-3% of all meningioma, have high recurrence, morbidity, and mortality rate and a particularly poor outcome. Surgical excision followed by adjuvant radiotherapy is the current approach for the treatment of these tumors.

Methods: In the case reported, the disease, characterized by a high proliferative index (Ki67 60%-70%), was treated with endoscopic surgery limited to the extracranial portion; then the patient underwent radiotherapy, on the residual tumor volume, to a total dose of 66 Gy delivered in 33 fractions (2 Gy/fraction) by helical intensity-modulated radiation therapy with image-guided radiotherapy daily checks (tomotherapy).

Potentially Serious Drug-Drug Interactions in Older Patients Hospitalized for Acute Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke.

Background: Polypharmacy is very common in older persons and it is associated with inappropriate prescribing and potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Aims of this study were to identify prevalence of DDIs in older persons with acute stroke and to evaluate the association between stroke and DDIs.

Methods: One hundred forty-six patients admitted with diagnosis of acute stroke were enrolled.

Second line treatment of recurrent glioblastoma with sunitinib: results of a phase II study and systematic review of literature.

Introduction: Second line treatment of recurrent or progressive glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is not standardized. Anti-angiogenic strategies with tyrosine-kinase inhibitors have been tested with conflicting results. We tested the association of sunitinib plus irinotecan (CPT-11) in a phase II trial in terms of response rate (RR) and 6-months progression-free survival (6-PFS).

Pattern of relapse of glioblastoma multiforme treated with radical radio-chemotherapy: Could a margin reduction be proposed?

To analyse the pattern of recurrence of patients treated with Stupp protocol in relation to technique, to compare in silico plans with reduced margin (1 cm) with the original ones and to analyse toxicity. 105 patients were treated: 85 had local recurrence and 68 of them were analysed. Recurrence was considered in field, marginal and distant if >80 %, 20-80 % or <20 % of the relapse volume was included in the 95 %-isodose.