Ionizing Radiation Induces Innate Immune Responses in Macrophages by Generation of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species.

During radiotherapy for tumors, the innate immune system also responds to ionizing radiation and induces immune modulation. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms by which radiation modulates innate immune responses. In this study, we observed that radiation triggered the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS), leading to innate immune responses in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM).

Mycobacterium fortuitum induces A20 expression that impairs macrophage inflammatory responses.

Mycobacterium fortuitum is a rapidly growing mycobacterium that has been regarded as an etiological agent of a variety of human infections. However, little is known about the host inflammatory responses and the molecular mechanisms by which MF-induced inflammation is regulated in macrophages. In this study, we report that MF infection leads to the induction of an anti-inflammatory molecule, A20 (also known as TNFAIP3), which is essential for the regulation of MF-induced inflammatory responses in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs).