Scalable Hypothalamic Arcuate Neuron Differentiation from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Suitable for Modeling Metabolic and Reproductive Disorders.

The hypothalamus, composed of several nuclei, is essential for maintaining our body's homeostasis. The arcuate nucleus (ARC), located in the mediobasal hypothalamus, contains neuronal populations with eminent roles in energy and glucose homeostasis as well as reproduction. These neuronal populations are of great interest for translational research.

Regulation of mitochondrial morphology and cristae architecture by the TLR4 pathway in human skeletal muscle.

In skeletal muscle (SkM), a reduced mitochondrial elongate phenotype is associated with several metabolic disorders like type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the mechanisms contributing to this reduction in mitochondrial elongate phenotype in SkM have not been fully elucidated. It has recently been shown in a SkM cell line that toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) contributes to the regulation of mitochondrial morphology.

High extracellular ATP levels released through pannexin-1 channels mediate inflammation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle fibres of diet-induced obese mice.

Aims/hypothesis: Skeletal muscle is a key target organ for insulin's actions and is the main regulator of blood glucose. In obese individuals and animal models, there is a chronic low-grade inflammatory state affecting highly metabolic organs, leading to insulin resistance. We have described that adult skeletal muscle fibres can release ATP to the extracellular medium through pannexin-1 (PANX1) channels.

[BODY COMPOSITION PARAMETERS AND RELATIONSHIP WITH THE MAXIMAL AEROBIC POWER IN RECREATIONAL CYCLISTS].

Objective: the aim of this study is to relate body composition parameters on performance in recreational cyclists using fat mass (MG), total muscle mass (MM) and the appendix of the lower extremity (MMEI) with maximal aerobic power (PAM).

Methods: 11 male cyclists (27.7 ± 4.

[CAFFEINE INTAKE AND ITS EFFECT ON THE MAXIMAL AEROBIC SPEED CORRIDORS 800 -METER ATHLETES].

Objectives: to check the effects of caffeine intake (3 mg/kg-1) and improved time to exhaustion limit of maximum aerobic speed and could modify blood lactate levels in 800-meter runners.

Methods: the study is based on an experimental design, crossover, randomized and blind. 7 subjects (20 ± 3 years, 63 ± 6 kg, and 169.

[ANTHROPOMETRIC CHILEAN TABLE TENNIS PLAYERS OF COMPETITIVE FEATURES].

The aim of the study was to characterize the anthropometric profile and somatotype of a sample of 50 players table tennis competitive with an average age 21.6 (± 3.1) years belonging to the Chilean team and institutions of higher education in the region of Valparaiso.

MOTOR SKILLS AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OUTCOMES FROM A PHYSICAL ACTIVITY INTERVENTION IN SHORT BREAKS ON PRESCHOOL CHILDREN CONDUCTED BY THEIR EDUCATORS: A PILOT STUDY.

Introduction: childhood obesity is a worldwide health concern. For this issue different intervention have being planned to increase physical activity patterns and reduce the excess of weight in children with limited or no success.

Objective: the aim of this study is to evaluate the results of a pilot intervention consisting in three 15-minute breaks conducted by educators and supervised by physical education teachers on motor skills and nutritional status in preschool children.