Narrative review on the management of moderate-severe atopic dermatitis in pediatric age of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergology and Immunology (SIAIP), of the Italian Society of Pediatric Dermatology (SIDerP) and of the Italian Society of Pediatrics (SIP).

Currently, there are a few detailed guidelines on the overall management of children and adolescents with moderate-severe atopic dermatitis. AD ​​is a complex disease presenting with different clinical phenotypes, which require an individualized and multidisciplinary approach. Therefore, appropriate interaction between primary care pediatricians, pediatric allergists, and pediatric dermatologists is crucial to finding the best management strategy.

Technologies for Type 1 Diabetes and Contact Dermatitis: Therapeutic Tools and Clinical Outcomes in a Cohort of Pediatric Patients.

The increasing use of technological devices for the management of diabetes is related to the prolonged exposure of patients' skin to chemical and mechanical agents and, consequently, to the increased risk of developing dermatological complications. Among these, contact dermatitis is the most insidious skin disorder. Despite the magnitude of the issue, no universally accepted recommendations on the management of this common complication are currently available.

Allergen immunotherapy and/or biologicals for IgE-mediated food allergy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: There is substantial interest in immunotherapy and biologicals in IgE-mediated food allergy.

Methods: We searched six databases for randomized controlled trials about immunotherapy alone or with biologicals (to April 2021) or biological monotherapy (to September 2021) in food allergy confirmed by oral food challenge. We pooled the data using random-effects meta-analysis.

Proposal of 0.5 mg of protein/100 g of processed food as threshold for voluntary declaration of food allergen traces in processed food-A first step in an initiative to better inform patients and avoid fatal allergic reactions: A GA²LEN position paper.

Background: Food anaphylaxis is commonly elicited by unintentional ingestion of foods containing the allergen above the tolerance threshold level of the individual. While labeling the 14 main allergens used as ingredients in food products is mandatory in the EU, there is no legal definition of declaring potential contaminants. Precautionary allergen labeling such as "may contain traces of" is often used.

A European survey of management approaches in chronic urticaria in children: EAACI pediatric urticaria taskforce.

Background: Although well described in adults, there are scarce and heterogeneous data on the diagnosis and management of chronic urticaria (CU) in children (0-18 years) throughout Europe. Our aim was to explore country differences and identify the extent to which the EAACI/GA²LEN/EDF/WAO guideline recommendations for pediatric urticaria are implemented.

Methods: The EAACI Task Force for pediatric CU disseminated an online clinical survey among EAACI pediatric section members.

Serum Levels of Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Are Reduced in Euthyroid Children with Newly Diagnosed Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: A Pilot Study.

Objective: No data are available on advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their soluble receptor (sRAGE) in pediatric patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). The present study was aimed to simultaneously evaluate serum levels of sRAGE, AGEs, and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) and investigate the relationships between these oxidative stress markers and clinical and biochemical parameters of thyroid function in euthyroid children with HT.

Design: This is a case-control study carried out in a single university hospital center.

Biologics in food allergy: up-to-date.

In recent years, the advent of immunotherapy has remarkably improved the management of IgE-mediated food allergy. However, some barriers still exist. Therefore, the effort of researchers aims to investigate new perspectives in the field of non-allergen specific therapy, also based on the current knowledge of the pathogenesis of this disease.

Novel diagnostic techniques and therapeutic strategies for IgE-mediated food allergy.

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated food allergy is a potentially life-threatening condition and represents a heavy burden for patients and their families. Identification of the most suitable way for management of each patient has currently become the primary goal for physicians. This study reviewed the current literature related to IgE-mediated food allergy.

Acute cough in children and adolescents: A systematic review and a practical algorithm by the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.

The current systematic review presented and discussed the most recent studies on acute cough in pediatric age. After that, the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology elaborated a comprehensive algorithm to guide the primary care approach to pediatric patients, such as infants, children, and adolescents, with acute cough. An acute cough is usually consequent to upper respiratory tract infections and is self-resolving within a few weeks.

Chronic cough in childhood: A systematic review for practical guidance by the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology.

The current systematic review presented and discussed the most recent studies on pediatric chronic cough. In addition, the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology elaborated a comprehensive algorithm to guide the primary care approach to a pediatric patient with chronic cough.Several algorithms on chronic cough management have been adopted and validated in clinical practice; however, unlike the latter, we developed an algorithm focused on pediatric age, from birth until adulthood.

Quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of adolescents: the crucial role of technology.

Background: The year 2020 will be remembered as the "year of the COVID-19 pandemic". The world population had to familiarize themselves with words as swabs, personal protective equipment, pandemic. To curb the wave of the pandemic, almost all the countries imposed self-isolation and social distancing.

Heterogeneity of pollen food allergy syndrome in seven Southern European countries: The @IT.2020 multicenter study.

Background: Pollen food allergy syndrome (PFAS) is a frequently underdiagnosed disease due to diverse triggers, clinical presentations, and test results. This is especially relevant in geographic areas with a broad spectrum of pollen sensitization, such as Southern Europe.

Objectives: To elucidate similarities and differences of PFAS in nine Southern European centers and identify associated characteristics and unique markers of PFAS.

Pubertal induction in girls with Turner Syndrome.

Turner Syndrome (TS) is the most common female sex chromosome aneuploidy in females, and patients may present with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism due to gonadal dysgenesis. Timing and modalities of pubertal induction in these patients is still a matter of debate. Aim of this review was to focus on the latest update on pubertal induction in TS.

The evolution of allergen-specific immunotherapy: The near and far future.

In the era of precision medicine, allergen immunotherapy (AIT) represents a landmark for the management of IgE-mediated allergic diseases. AIT is recognized as a potentially curative therapy and is currently accepted and routinely prescribed worldwide. However, there are still unmet needs.

Acute haemorrhagic oedema of infancy: a condition that is not always benign.

Acute haemorrhagic oedema of infancy (AHOI) is a rare condition and an unusual diagnosis for the paediatrician, as approximately 300 cases have been reported in literature so far. Although it was considered for years a less serious variant of Henoch-Schönlein purpura, nowadays it is thought to be a different entity, with his own characteristics and clinical outcome. In literature it is described as a benign condition, self-limiting and without any systemic involvement in most of the cases.

Nutrition and Avoidance Diets in Children With Food Allergy.

Food allergy (FA) is a significant health issue which considerably influences the quality of life of both children and their family. The increasing prevalence of FA, documented in the last 3 decades, has led to the reassessment of FA prevention strategies and particularly to giving up the approach based on delaying the introduction of potential food allergens. Several observational and interventional studies demonstrated a potential effectiveness of the early food introduction strategy in FA prevention, although strong evidence from randomized controlled trials are lacking and, sometimes, contrasting.

Foreword.

The management of chronic diseases are paramount in health care in these days. Among them, there has been an expansion of allergic and immunologic diseases, especially in children. Thanks to the action of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (SIAIP), the quality level of care has progressively grown.