[Non vitamin-K dependent oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in chronic kidney disease patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation].

Atrial fibrillation (AF) represents the most common arrhythmia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). As in the general population, AF is associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism and stroke, according to progressive decline of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). However, CKD patients, especially those on renal replacement therapy (RRT), also exhibit an increased risk of bleeding, especially from the gastrointestinal tract.

[NOACs and Chronic kidney disease].

Atrial fibrillation (AF) represents the most common arrhythmia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). As in the general population, AF is associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism and stroke, according to progressive decline of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). However, CKD patients, especially those on renal replacement therapy (RRT), also exhibit an increased risk of bleeding, especially from the gastrointestinal tract.

Penile calciphylaxis in end stage renal disease.

Calciphylaxis, better described as "Calcific uremic arteriolopathy" (CUA), involves about 1-4% of hemodialysis patients all around the world with high mortality rates. We describe a rare clinical case of CUA in peritoneal dialysis patient associated with urological disease. Penile calciphylaxis represents rare clinical complication, and an early diagnosis and multidisciplinary approach are requested.

[Calciphylaxis: an enigma to the nephrologist].

Calcific uremic arteriopathy (CUA), also known as calciphylaxis, is a rare condition occurring in patients with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease. It is a serious, debilitating and potentially fatal clinical disorder affecting 1-4% of the dialysis population and is associated with a high mortality rate (60-80%). The clinical picture is characterized by painful skin lesions tending to necrotic or gangrenous ulceration ultimately necessitating amputation.

[The nephrologist and the role of ultrasound imaging in the diagnosis of cardiorenal syndrome].

The term cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) refers to multiple possible clinicopathological correlations between heart and kidney failure. The most recent classification recognizes five types of CRS: types I and II originate from heart failure (acute and chronic, respectively), type III and IV from kidney failure (again acute and chronic), while type V originates from a range of systemic diseases. Echocardiography and renal ultrasound are important means to arrive at a correct diagnosis.