Advanced imaging and Crohn's disease: An overview of clinical application and the added value of artificial intelligence.

Purpose: The purpose of this narrative review is to describe the clinical applications of advanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MRI) techniques in patients affected by Crohn's disease (CD), giving insights about the added value of artificial intelligence (AI) in this field.

Methods: We performed a literature search comparing standardized and advanced imaging techniques for CD diagnosis. Cross-sectional imaging is essential for the identification of lesions, the assessment of active or relapsing disease and the evaluation of complications.

Radiation dose and image quality of computed tomography of the supra-aortic arteries: A comparison between single-source and dual-source CT Scanners.

Purpose: The purpose of this work was to compare the image quality and radiation dose delivered to patients during computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA) of the supra-aortic arteries using two single-source (SS) and two dual-energy (DE) CT scanners.

Material And Methods: In this retrospective study, 120 patients who underwent CTA of supra-aortic arteries were studied using four different types of CT scanners: a sixteen and forty-detector-row SS and two DE CT scanners. Seventy milliters of contrast medium were injected at a flow rate of 4mL/s using a power injector.

Relationship between Carotid Computed Tomography Dual-Energy and Brain Leukoaraiosis.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess if there is a correlation between the carotid computed tomography (CT) Hounsfield unit (HU)-based plaque attenuation values measured using dual-energy CT (DECT) scanner and brain leukoaraiosis (LA).

Methods: Fifty consecutive patients (34 males, 16 females; mean age, 69 years; age range, 46-84 years) who underwent carotid CT and brain magnetic resonance imaging were included in the study. CT examinations were performed with a DECT scanner, and LA lesion volume quantification was performed using a semiautomated segmentation technique.

Clinical neuroimaging markers of response to treatment in mood disorders.

Mood disorders (MD) are important and frequent psychiatric illness. The management of patients affected by these conditions represents an important factor of disability as well as a significant social and economic burden. The "in-vivo" studies can help researchers to understand the first developmental events of the pathology and to identify the molecular and non-molecular targets of therapies.

Relationship between leukoaraiosis, carotid intima-media thickness and intima-media thickness variability: Preliminary results.

Objective: To assess the relationship between the degree of leukoaraiosis (LA), carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and intima-media thickness variability (IMTV).

Materials And Methods: Sixty-one consecutive patients, who underwent a brain MRI examination and a carotid artery ultrasound, were included in this retrospective study, which conformed with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was waived.

Longitudinal assessment of carotid atherosclerosis after Radiation Therapy using Computed Tomography: A case control Study.

Objectives: To study the carotid artery plaque composition and its volume changes in a group of patients at baseline and 2 years after head and neck radiation therapy treatment (HNXRT).

Methods: In this retrospective study, 62 patients (41 males; mean age 63 years; range 52-81) who underwent HNXRT and 40 patients (24 males; mean age 65) who underwent surgical resection of neoplasm and did not undergo HNXRT were assessed, with 2-year follow-up. The carotid artery plaque volumes, as well as the volume of the sub-components (fatty-mixed-calcified), were semiautomatically quantified.

Italian Registry of Cardiac Computed Tomography.

Purpose: Cardiac CT (CCT) is an imaging modality that is becoming a standard in clinical cardiology. We evaluated indications, safety, and impact on patient management of routine CCT in a multicenter national registry.

Materials And Methods: During a period of 6 months, 47 centers in Italy enrolled 3,455 patients.

Association between internal carotid artery dissection and arterial tortuosity.

Introduction: Carotid artery dissection is an important cause of ischemic stroke in all age groups, particularly in young patients. The purpose of this work was to assess whether there is an association between the presence of an internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD) and the arterial tortuosity.

Methods: This study considered 124 patients (72 males and 52 females; median age 57 years) with CT/MR diagnosis of ICAD of the internal carotid artery were considered in this multi-centric retrospective study.

Carotid artery dissection on non-contrast CT: does color improve the diagnostic confidence?

Purpose: The purpose of this work was to evaluate if the use of color maps, instead of conventional grayscale images, would improve the observer's diagnostic confidence in the non-contrast CT evaluation of internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD).

Materials And Methods: One hundred patients (61 men, 39 women; mean age, 51 years; range, 25-78 years), 40 with and 60 without ICAD, underwent non-contrast CT and were included in this the retrospective study. In this study, three groups of patients were considered: patients with MR confirmation of ICAD, n=40; patients with MR confirmation of ICAD absence, n=20; patients who underwent CT of the carotid arteries because of atherosclerotic disease, n=40.