Publications by authors named "Giovanni Campisi"
Evaluation of Circulating Endothelial Cells as Direct Marker of Endothelial Damage in Allo-Transplant Recipients at High Risk of Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease/Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome.
Transplant Cell Ther
June 2024
Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), also known as veno-occlusive disease (VOD), is a rare but potentially fatal complication following allogenic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Timely identification of SOS/VOD to allow for prompt treatment is critical, but identifying a VOD-predictive biomarker remains challenging. Given the pivotal role of endothelial dysfunction in SOS/VOD pathophysiology, the CECinVOD study prospectively evaluated levels of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) in patients undergoing allo-HCT with a myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimen to investigate the potential of CEC level in predicting and diagnosing SOS/VOD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAIDS-defining cancers declined after combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) introduction, but lymphomas are still elevated in HIV type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients. In particular, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) represent the majority of all AIDS-defining cancers and are the most frequent cause of death in these patients. We have recently demonstrated that amino acid (aa) insertions at the HIV-1 matrix protein p17 COOH-terminal region cause protein destabilization, leading to conformational changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) are evolving to enhance their ability to spread among humans, with mutations in the spike protein contributing significantly to this adaptation, particularly in immunocompromised patients where long-term virus replication occurs.
- - Researchers discovered minor viral mutants coexisting with a dominant variant in an immunocompromised patient over a 222-day infection period; these mutations led to changes in how the virus entered cells and interacted with immune responses.
- - The dominant variant (MB61) showed a faster replication rate and evaded certain immune defenses by using a specific entry method (membrane fusion), unlike the minor variant which used endocytosis and was more susceptible to antiviral responses.
Genotype screening was implemented in Italy and showed a significant prevalence of new SARS-CoV-2 mutants carrying Q675H mutation, near the furin cleavage site of spike protein. Currently, this mutation, which is expressed on different SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating worldwide, has not been thoughtfully investigated. Therefore, we performed phylogenetic and biocomputational analysis to better understand SARS-CoV-2 Q675H mutants' evolutionary relationships with other circulating lineages and Q675H function in its molecular context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn December 2020, Italy experienced the first case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) B.1.1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- SARS-CoV-2 can infect human lung microvascular endothelial cells without causing cell death or releasing new viral particles, suggesting a unique method of infection.
- The infection triggers these endothelial cells to produce various pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic molecules, leading to changes that promote inflammation and vascular dysfunction.
- Understanding the interactions between the virus and host cells may reveal new therapeutic targets to combat the inflammation and complications associated with COVID-19.
We investigated SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics in Italy, one of the countries hit hardest by the pandemic, using phylodynamic analysis of viral genetic and epidemiological data. We observed the co-circulation of multiple SARS-CoV-2 lineages over time, which were linked to multiple importations and characterized by large transmission clusters concomitant with a high number of infections. Subsequent implementation of a three-phase nationwide lockdown strategy greatly reduced infection numbers and hospitalizations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvolution patterns of SARS-CoV-2: Snapshot on its genome variants.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
January 2021
An acute respiratory syndrome (COVID-19), caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) with a high rate of morbidity and elevate mortality, has emerged as one of the most important threats to humankind in the last centuries. Rigorous determination of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity is very difficult owing to the continuous evolution of the virus, with its single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants and many lineages. However, it is urgently necessary to study the virus in depth, to understand the mechanism of its pathogenicity and virulence, and to develop effective therapeutic strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this paper is to model trading decisions of financial investors based on a sentiment index. For this purpose, we analyze a dynamical model, which includes the sentiment index in the agents' trading behavior. We consider the setup of a discrete dynamical system, assuming that in financial markets, transactions take place between two groups of fundamentalists that differ in their perception of fundamental value.
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- The study investigates the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 strains in Italy, focusing on the differences between early and late strains during the COVID-19 epidemic.
- Nasopharyngeal swabs from March and May 2020 were analyzed, revealing that the GZ69 strain from May showed high replication capacity without causing cell damage, unlike the earlier strain AP66.
- Genetic analysis indicated that GZ69 possesses 9 nucleotide mutations leading to several changes in key viral proteins, emphasizing the importance of monitoring viral variants, especially those found in asymptomatic individuals.