Predicting COVID-19 cases in Belo Horizonte-Brazil taking into account mobility and vaccination issues.

The pandemic caused millions of deaths around the world and forced governments to take drastic measures to reduce the spread of Coronavirus. Understanding the impact of social distancing measures on urban mobility and the number of COVID-19 cases allows governments to change public policies according to the evolution of the pandemic and plan ahead. Given the increasing rates of vaccination worldwide, immunization data may also represent an important predictor of COVID-19 cases.

Effect of photobiomodulation on inflammatory cytokines produced by HaCaT keratinocytes.

Objective: to evaluate the effects of the red and near-infrared wavelength lasers in isolated and simultaneous way on the modulation of inflammatory cytokines produced by human keratinocytes (HaCaT) challenged by cytokines of human monocytes stimulated by lipopolysaccharide from .

Design: HaCaT cells was previously exposed to the laser with wavelengths red (660 nm), near-infrared (808 nm). Then, HaCat cells were stimulated with the supernatant of lipopolysaccharide-challenged peripheral blood cells.

Mast cells in oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions related to dental amalgam contact.

The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of mast cell markers toluidine blue, c-kit, and tryptase and presence of mononuclear inflammatory cells in oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral lichenoid lesions related to dental amalgam. Nineteen specimens of OLP, OLLC, and healthy oral mucosa were selected. Mononuclear inflammatory cells were analyzed.

Exploring the association between a standardized extract of pequi peels (Caryocar brasiliense Cambess) and blue light as a photodynamic therapy for treating superficial wounds.

Natural products derived from plants can be used as photosensitizers for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) combining key therapeutic strategies for tissue repair while controlling microorganisms' growth. We investigated a standardized extract of pequi peels (Caryocar brasiliense Cambess) as a brownish natural photosensitizer for aPDT using blue light. Three concentrations of the pequi extract (PE; 10, 30, or 90 μg/mL) were tested solely or associated with blue laser (445 nm, 100 mW, 138 J/cm, 6 J, 60 s).

Lymphatic Vascular Density, the Expression of Podoplanin and Tumor Budding in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Notwithstanding recent advances in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) management, its mortality rate is still high. It is imperative to investigate new parameters that are complementary to clinical staging for OSCC to provide better prognostic insight. The presence of isolated neoplastic cells or small clusters of up to four cells at the tumor's invasive front, called tumor budding, is a morphological marker of OSCC with prognostic value.

Assessment of screening programs as a strategy for early detection of oral cancer: a systematic review.

The present study is a systematic review of the evaluation of screening programs as a strategy for early detection of oral cancer. The aim of this study was to assess whether screening through visual inspection is able to identify injuries in early stages, to increase survival, and to decrease the incidence and mortality of oral cancer. Studies using visual inspection to screen for oral cancer and potentially malignant lesions in apparently healthy individuals over 18 years without previous diagnosis of the disease were included.

Malignant lesion of clear cells: A diagnostic challenge of an unusual presentation mimicking a benign lesion.

In the oral cavity, a broad spectrum of differential diagnostics includes lesions composed of clear cells. Under this umbrella, Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma (CCOC) and Hyalinizing Clear Cell Carcinoma (HCCC) are rare malignancies that arise from different histological origins. However, the histology is similar; therefore, differentiation of CCOC and HCCC lesions is difficult and, in some cases, impossible to distinguish morphologically and immunohistochemically.

Acquired oral syphilis: A multicenter study of 339 patients from South America.

Objective: To report the clinicopathologic features of acquired oral syphilis cases in South American countries.

Materials And Methods: Clinical data were retrospectively collected from the records of 18 oral diagnostic services in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela, Uruguay, and Peru. Serologies of nontreponemal and treponemal tests were used for diagnosis.

Oral and oropharyngeal lymphomas: A multi-institutional collaborative study.

Background: Lymphomas in the oral and oropharyngeal regions are relatively uncommon, and their diagnosis is challenging and complex due to the myriad histopathological subtypes. Herein, we report a large series of oral and oropharyngeal lymphomas and compare our data with the currently available literature.

Methods: All cases diagnosed as lymphomas affecting the oral and oropharyngeal regions were retrospectively retrieved from seven Brazilian institutions.

Oral and oropharyngeal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and high-grade B-cell lymphoma: A clinicopathologic and prognostic study of 69 cases.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the clinicopathological, molecular, and prognostic features of oral/oropharyngeal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and high-grade B-cell lymphoma.

Study Design: All cases were retrieved from 7 Brazilian institutions. Immunohistochemical reactions were performed to confirm the diagnoses and to categorize the tumors.

Effect of porous tantalum on the biological response of human peripheral mononuclear cells exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Aim: To evaluate biological behavior of human peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMC) in contact with porous tantalum (PT) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg).

Methods: Pg was incubated for 8 hours. The groups formed were: PBMC (control), PBMC + PT, PBMC + Pg and PBMC + PT + Pg.

The angiotensin converting enzyme 2/angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas Receptor axis as a key player in alveolar bone remodeling.

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS), aside its classical hormonal properties, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders. The angiotensin converting enzyme 2/angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas Receptor (ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR) axis owns anti-inflammatory properties and was recently associated with bone remodeling in osteoporosis. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the presence and effects of the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis in osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro and in vivo.

Photobiomodulation Enhances Cisplatin Cytotoxicity in a Culture Model with Oral Cell Lineages.

Cisplatin plays a central role in cancer chemotherapy, but resistance to this drug remains a major obstacle in treatment. Drawbacks related to cisplatin failure may be associated with cell energy metabolism. This study investigated whether photobiomodulation (PBM) can potentiate the effects of cisplatin on keratinocytes (HaCat) and cancer cells (SCC25 and HN12).

Immunolocalization of Cancer Stem Cells Marker ALDH1 and its Association with Tumor Budding in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Tumor budding is a prognostic marker for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) characterized by the presence of isolated or small clusters of neoplastic cells at the tumor invasive front. Aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1) is associated with tumorigenesis, linked to treatment resistance and shown to identify cancer stem cells (CSC)-like cells. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of ALDH1 and its association with tumor budding in OSCC.

Mature dendritic cell density is affected by smoking habit, lesion size, and epithelial dysplasia in oral leukoplakia samples.

Objective: To compare the densities of CD1a + immature and CD83+ mature dendritic cells, and inflammatory infiltrate cells between smokers and non-smokers with oral leukoplakia. Parameters associated with malignant transformation were also evaluated.

Design: 21 smokers and 23 non-smokers diagnosed with oral leukoplakia were obtained.

CD1a+ dendritic cells in oral lichen planus and amalgam lichenoid reaction.

Objective: To evaluate and compare the number of CD1a+ dendritic cells (DCs) in oral lichen planus (OLP), amalgam lichenoid reaction (ALR), and normal oral mucosa (NOM).

Study Design: Fourteen cases of OLP and ALR, diagnosed both clinically and histologically, were obtained from an archive of an oral pathology service. Seven specimens of NOM were collected and served as controls.

Effect of smoking on immunity in human chronic periodontitis.

Aim: Evaluate the effects of smoking on dendritic cells (DCs), cytokines, clinical periodontal parameters, and number of teeth in samples of human chronic periodontitis (CP).

Material And Methods: Gingival samples were obtained from 24 smokers and 21 non-smokers with CP. Periodontal examination was carried out.

Smoking effect on chemokines of the human chronic periodontitis.

Aim: Evaluate the effects of smoking on chemokines of the human chronic periodontitis (CP).

Materials And Methods: Gingival samples were obtained from 23 smokers (S) and 20 non-smokers (NS) diagnosed with CP. Periodontal examination was performed.

Pro-inflammatory, Th1, Th2, Th17 cytokines and dendritic cells: a cross-sectional study in chronic periodontitis.

There are a limited number of studies correlating the different stages of dendritic cells (DC) maturation with cytokines in individuals presented chronic periodontitis (CP). The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation among the expression of IL-2, IL-10, IL-4, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17A with the presence of DC and mild-moderate or advanced CP. Gingival samples were obtained from 24 individuals with CP and six samples of normal mucosa (NM) overlapping third molar for controls of the levels of cytokines.

Relationship between chemokines and dendritic cells in human chronic periodontitis.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between chemokines and dendritic cells (DCs) in human chronic periodontitis (CP).

Methods: Gingival samples were obtained from 23 individuals with CP, and six samples of normal mucosa (NM) overlapping the third molar were used to control for the chemokine levels. Periodontal examination was conducted.