Aortic dimensions in Turner's syndrome: two-dimensional echocardiography versus magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Patients with Turner's syndrome have an increased risk of cardiac death caused by aortic disease. Consensus has not been reached about the best method to image the aorta in this syndrome.

Aim: This present study aimed: (i) to evaluate thoracic and abdominal aortic dimensions by two-dimensional echo (2-DE) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and (ii) to assess agreement between 2-DE and MRI measurements.

Prospective evaluation of aortic dimensions in Turner syndrome: a 2-dimensional echocardiographic study.

Background: The prevalence of aortic disease, including dilatation of the proximal aorta, is higher in patients with Turner syndrome (TS) compared with healthy female control subjects, but there are no data regarding the prospective evaluation of aortic dimensions in this syndrome.

Objective: This study was undertaken to assess the: (1) prevalence of aortic root (AR) and proximal thoracic aorta enlargement by 2-dimensional echocardiography; and (2) evolution of aortic diameters over time.

Methods: In all, 78 patients with kariotypically proven TS (mean age 21.

Autonomic modulation during acute myocardial ischemia by low-dose pirenzepine in conscious dogs with a healed myocardial infarction: a comparison with beta-adrenergic blockade.

Experimental and clinical evidence documents the beneficial effects of blocking sympathetic activity and modulating heart rate to reduce risk for lethal events in ischemic heart disease. Beside beta-adrenergic receptor blockade, vagal activation is a meaningful approach but not yet easily attainable. Promising results were shown with low-dose atropine and scopolamine, but no follow-up was done because of significant adverse side effects.