Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: a noteworthy syndrome in end-stage renal disease patients.

Background: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinico-radiologic entity characterized by headache, visual disturbances, seizures, and the presence of edema on MRI scan, predominantly in the posterior white matter. Regarding end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and PRES, only a few cases of children on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and adults on hemodialysis have been described in the literature.

Cases: We report 4 cases of adult patients on PD who presented with PRES, all of which were due to hypertension and inadequate management of fluid balance.

Risk factors for cognitive dysfunction in CKD and hypertensive subjects.

Purpose: Cognitive dysfunction (CO/DY) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients has long been recognized. Hypertension is also associated with CO/DY. The study describes associated factors with CO/DY in CKD patients compared to hypertensive subjects.