One year of COVID-19 in Italy: are containment policies enough to shape the pandemic pattern?

A successful fight against COVID-19 greatly depends on citizens' adherence to the restrictive measures, which may not suffice alone. Making use of a containment index, data on sanctions, and Google's movement trends across Italian provinces, complemented by other sources, we investigate the extent to which compliance with the mobility limitations has affected the number of infections and deaths over time, for the period running from February 24, 2020 to February 23, 2021. We find proof of a deterrent effect on mobility given by the increase in sanction rate and positivity rate among the population.

Influence of graft-host interface on the quality of vision after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty in patients with keratoconus.

Purpose: To investigate the influence of graft–host interface on the quality of vision after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK).

Methods: Retrospective, nonrandomized, comparative case series. Sixty patients (60 eyes) with advanced keratoconus underwent DALK using the big-bubble technique.

Orbital dermoid cyst of childhood: clinical pathologic findings, classification and management.

To analyze the characteristics and treatment outcomes of pediatric orbital dermoid cysts. Chart review of consecutive pediatric biopsy-proven dermoid cysts surgically removed at the Department of Ophthalmology, Maggiore Hospital, between 2000 and 2007. We excised dermoid cysts from 30 children (30 eyes) whose mean age at the time of surgery was 24 months (range 6-84).

Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty after Intacs implantation in patients with keratoconus.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) in patients with unsatisfactory vision after intrastromal corneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation for keratoconus refractive correction.

Methods: Prospective interventional case series. Five patients with consecutive keratoconus and poor visual outcome after ICRS implantation underwent DALK Big bubble technique.

Physical exertion (lifting) and retinal detachment among people with myopia.

Background: People with myopia (near sightedness) are at increased risk for retinal detachment. We explored other factors that may be associated with retinal detachment within this high-risk group.

Methods: We conducted a case-control study comprising 61 cases with retinal detachment and myopia and 99 hospital controls who also had myopia.

Choroidal effusion after diode laser cyclophotocoagulation in Sturge-Weber syndrome.

Sturge-Weber syndrome is complicated by glaucoma in 30% of patients; of these, 60% develop glaucoma in infancy and 40%, in childhood. Medical treatment often fails to adequately control IOP in these patients, and surgical intervention is frequently necessary. Filtration surgery may be complicated by expulsive choroidal hemorrhage and massive choroidal effusion, more often in patients with Sturge-Weber syndrome compared with other patients presenting with glaucoma, particularly in eyes with choroidal hemangioma, because the rapid decrease in IOP during surgery may induce the transudation of fluid from a fragile vessel in the choroidal hemangioma, leading to the development of choroidal effusion.

Favourable response to infliximab in a case of bilateral refractory Mooren's ulcer.

A woman with progressive bilateral Mooren's ulcer developed recurrent corneal perforations and melting requiring tectonic grafts, despite conventional immunosuppressant therapy. Following treatment with infliximab, an anti-tumour necrosis factor agent, the patient showed marked reduction in conjunctival inflammation and no further recurrence of corneal thinning and perforation during 2-year follow up on maintaining treatment.

Candida albicans interface infection after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty.

Purpose: To report a case of interface infection by Candida albicans after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK).

Methods: A 30-year-old man with keratoconus underwent DALK. Four weeks after surgery, the patient developed multiple infiltrates in the graft-host interface with absence of intraocular infection.

Frequency of positive donor rim cultures after penetrating keratoplasty using hypothermic and organ-cultured donor corneas.

Purpose: To compare the frequency of positive rim cultures after penetrating keratoplasty using corneas preserved by hypothermic and organ culture storage. To evaluate the influence of standard procurement techniques on the frequency of microbial donor rim contamination.

Methods: Six hundred four donor corneas stored at 31 degrees C and 214 at 4 degrees C were studied.

Simple test to confirm cleavage with air between Descemet's membrane and stroma during big-bubble deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty.

We describe a simple test to confirm big-bubble formation in deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty by observing the position and movements of small air bubbles injected into the anterior chamber through a limbal paracentesis. The test also allows evaluation of the extension of Descemet's membrane cleavage from the posterior stroma relative to the margins of the corneal trephination.

Clinical outcomes after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty using the big-bubble technique in patients with keratoconus.

Purpose: To report clinical outcomes of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) using the big-bubble technique in patients with keratoconus.

Design: Prospective noncomparative interventional study.

Setting: Single hospital.

European multicenter study of the AcrySof ReSTOR apodized diffractive intraocular lens.

Objective: To report the safety and effectiveness of the AcrySof ReSTOR apodized diffractive intraocular lens (IOL), model MA60D3, when implanted into the capsular bag.

Design: Multicenter European study including university clinics, eye hospitals, and private ophthalmic surgical centers.

Participants: One hundred twenty-seven subjects implanted in cataractous eyes in an open multicenter study.

Two-step LASIK with topography-guided ablation to correct astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy, predictability, stability, and safety of a two-step LASIK procedure using topography-guided ablation to correct astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty.

Methods: Fifteen eyes of 15 patients underwent a two-step LASIK procedure at the Maggiore Hospital of Bologna, Italy. In the first step, a flap was created using the Hansatome microkeratome.

Conservative treatment of early and moderate pellucid marginal degeneration: a new refractive approach with intracorneal rings.

Objective: To evaluate the use of the intracorneal ring (ICR; Intacs, Addition Technology, Inc., Fremont, CA) for the treatment of pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD).

Design: Case series.

Posterior capsule opacification after phacoemulsification: silicone CeeOn Edge versus acrylate AcrySof intraocular lens.

Purpose: To compare the rates and morphologic features of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after small-incision phacoemulsification and in-the-bag implantation of 2 foldable intraocular lenses (IOLs) over an 18-month follow-up.

Setting: Departments of Ophthalmology, Hospital of Conegliano, Conegliano, and Maggiore Hospital of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Methods: In an open clinical study, 78 cataract patients were randomly selected to have implantation of a silicone CeeOn Edge (Pharmacia) or acrylate AcrySof (Alcon) IOL after phacoemulsification cataract surgery.