Clinical implications of microvascular CT scan signs in COVID-19 patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation.

Purpose: COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by the presence of signs of microvascular involvement at the CT scan, such as the vascular tree in bud (TIB) and the vascular enlargement pattern (VEP). Recent evidence suggests that TIB could be associated with an increased duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and intensive care unit (ICU) stay. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate whether microvascular involvement signs could have a prognostic significance concerning liberation from IMV.

Health-related quality of life profiles, trajectories, persistent symptoms and pulmonary function one year after ICU discharge in invasively ventilated COVID-19 patients, a prospective follow-up study.

Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) impairment is often reported among COVID-19 ICU survivors, and little is known about their long-term outcomes. We evaluated the HRQoL trajectories between 3 months and 1 year after ICU discharge, the factors influencing these trajectories and the presence of clusters of HRQoL profiles in a population of COVID-19 patients who underwent invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Moreover, pathophysiological correlations of residual dyspnea were tested.

Fatal pulmonary fibrosis complicating COVID-19 infection in preexistent emphysema.

Only a few earlier clinical radiologic reports exist describing post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis. We report a case of 74-year-old woman referred with dizziness and hypoxemic respiratory failure with chest high resolution computer tomography (HRCT) showing ground glass opacities and emphysema. The patient was tested for Sars-CoV-2 and resulted positive, she was treated with medical therapy and supported with mechanical ventilation.

Poor Concordance between Sequential Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy and Surgical Lung Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Diffuse Interstitial Lung Diseases.

The diagnostic concordance between transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC)-versus surgical lung biopsy (SLB) as the current gold standard-in interstitial lung disease (ILD) cases requiring histology remains controversial. To assess diagnostic concordance between TBLC and SLB sequentially performed in the same patients, the diagnostic yield of both techniques, and subsequent changes in multidisciplinary assessment (MDA) decisions. A two-center prospective study included patients with ILD with a nondefinite usual interstitial pneumonia pattern (on high-resolution computed tomography scan) confirmed at a first MDA.

[Pulmonary tuberculosis in diagnostic imaging: the great mime.].

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is nowadays one of the most common causes of infectious disease-related morbility and mortality worldwide. The differential diagnosis between TB and some others conditions is an emerging problem, particularly challenging when TB imaging mimicks sarcoidosis, lymphoproliferative disorders and pulmonary neoplasms. In these cases, the correct diagnoses can be made with certainty only with trans-bronchial or CT guided biopsy.

Computed tomography of solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura abutting the mediastinum: A diagnostic challenge.

Background: Solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura (SFTP) arising from the mediastinal pleura may be confused with primary mediastinal tumors. We studied the computerized tomographic (CT) findings of patients with SFTP that could suggest a diagnosis of SFTP.

Materials And Methods: At our hospital from January 1995 to June 2012, 39 patients with histologically confirmed SFTP were surgically treated; seven of them abutting the mediastinal pleura.

Structured reporting for fibrosing lung disease: a model shared by radiologist and pulmonologist.

Objectives: To apply the Delphi exercise with iterative involvement of radiologists and pulmonologists with the aim of defining a structured reporting template for high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of patients with fibrosing lung disease (FLD).

Methods: The writing committee selected the HRCT criteria-the Delphi items-for rating from both radiology panelists (RP) and pulmonology panelists (PP). The Delphi items were first rated by RPs as "essential", "optional", or "not relevant".

Fat Embolism Syndrome: Lung Computed Tomography Findings in 18 Patients.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the lung computed tomography (CT) findings in fat embolism (FE) syndrome.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 19 CT examinations of 18 patients with FE syndrome, diagnosed clinically using the Gurd and Wilson criteria.

Result: Fat embolism syndrome showed 3 patterns: negative examination, bilateral interstitial-alveolar involvement, and adult respiratory distress syndrome like.

DIPNECH: Association Between Histopathology and Clinical Presentation.

Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH) is a rare disorder which can be an incidental finding in imaging tests performed during the investigation of another condition, or is the final diagnosis in patients evaluated for chronic obstructive complaints. To explore the possible association between specific histopathology features and the mode of clinical presentation, we retrieved the clinical, functional, radiological, and pathological data of all 13 patients diagnosed with DIPNECH at our Institution over a 14-year period (2000-2014). As compared to patients with incidental disease (6/13, 46 %), patients with symptomatic disease were younger [mean (SD): 57.

A commentary on interstitial pneumonitis induced by docetaxel: clinical cases and systematic review of the literature.

Background: Pulmonary toxicity is a well-known complication observed with several anticancer drugs. Docetaxel, a taxane chemotherapy drug widely used in the treatment of many types of solid tumors including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), rarely causes infiltrative pneumonitis. The exact mechanism by which docetaxel develops this side effect is not well understood; probably it is produced by type I and IV hypersensitivity responses.

Diffuse granulomatous lung disease: combined pathological-HRCT approach.

Granulomatous lung diseases include a large number of conditions among granulomas are the pathological hallmark. Some of these conditions are frequently encountered in clinical practice. Differentiating infectious from noninfectious forms is a priority for the different specialists approaching these diseases, given the different implications for management and treatment.

Histological verification of positive positron emission tomography findings in the follow-up of patients with mediastinal lymphoma.

Background And Objectives: Follow-ups of patients with mediastinal lymphoma are not accurate if they rely on computed tomography (CT). Positron emission tomography (PET) has been suggested to be useful in several lymphoma settings, such as initial staging, evaluation of residual masses after therapy, and assessment of response early in the course of treatment. The aim of this retrospective study was to verify the reliability of positive PET scans of the mediastinum in following up patients with mediastinal lymphoma, using histological findings as a comparison.