Publications by authors named "Giorgia Borriello"
Article Synopsis
- Brucella abortus is a zoonotic pathogen that primarily affects cattle and buffaloes, with ongoing issues of brucellosis in certain areas of Italy, including Caserta.
- Despite eradication programs and vaccination efforts, brucellosis remains endemic in some regions.
- A study sequenced 44 B. abortus strains from 2017-2022 in Caserta and compared them to other Italian strains, revealing low genetic diversity and fewer circulating lineages due to successful eradication efforts.
Article Synopsis
- * Traditional diagnosis relies on bacterial isolation, which is slow, while Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) offers a faster and more sensitive alternative.
- * The study developed a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) protocol for detecting Brucella in buffalo tissue samples, showing high sensitivity and accuracy, making it a promising tool for veterinary diagnostics.
Environmental pollutants from different chemical families may reach the gut microbiome, where they can be metabolized and transformed. However, how our gut symbionts respond to the exposure to environmental pollution is still underexplored. In this observational, cohort study, we aim to investigate the influence of environmental pollution on the gut microbiome composition and potential activity by shotgun metagenomics.
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- Rhodococcus equi is a type of bacteria that commonly causes pneumonia in foals, but this report discusses its first documented infection case in a bottlenose dolphin in Italy.
- The dolphin exhibited lung and colon damage during a post-mortem examination and tested positive for dolphin morbillivirus as well.
- Histological analysis confirmed the presence of lesions related to R. equi infection, including specific types of pneumonia and colitis, and whole genome sequencing validated the identification of the bacteria.
subsp. Serovar Enteritidis is one of the major pathogens associated with enteric diseases in animals and humans. Thus, due to the importance of spp.
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- - The study focuses on a Gram-positive pathogen that causes severe infections in both humans and animals, particularly uterine infections and encephalitis in livestock.
- - Researchers utilized whole genome sequencing (WGS) to characterize a specific strain from an aborted water buffalo fetus in Italy, identifying several molecular features, including its classification within a specific serogroup and multiple virulence and antibiotic resistance genes.
- - This research enhances the understanding of the genetic diversity of the pathogen in animals and demonstrates the effectiveness of WGS as a tool for studying its pathogenicity and aiding epidemiological investigations.
A case of infection is described in a dead adult male dog in Southern Italy. The carcass was found by the Health Authority in a gypsy encampment. It was admitted to our forensic veterinary medicine unit, with a suspicion of cruelty to the animal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorganic polyphosphates (polyPs) are linear polymers composed of repeated phosphate (PO ) units linked together by multiple high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds. In addition to being a source of energy, polyPs have cytoprotective and antiviral activities. Here, we investigated the antiviral activities of long-chain polyPs against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
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- - The gut microbiota in ruminants, like water buffalo, plays a vital role in their health and production efficiency, and it can be influenced by various factors, including diet and management practices.
- - This study examined the microbiota composition in the rumen, large intestine, and feces of water buffaloes fed two different diets with varying levels of non-structural carbohydrates and crude proteins.
- - Results showed that the predominant bacterial phyla were Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria, with significant differences in microbiota composition linked to diet, particularly impacting digestibility and animal performance.
is a foodborne pathogen globally affecting both the economy and healthcare. Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) nano-biosensing can be a promising strategy for its detection. We combined high-performance quasi-crystal patterned nanocavities for Raman enhancement with the use of covalently immobilized Tbilisi bacteriophages as high-performing bio-receptors.
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- Listeria monocytogenes (LM) is a major cause of listeriosis, a severe food-borne illness in humans, primarily linked to three serotypes (1/2a, 1/2b, 4b) responsible for most outbreaks.
- The study reports the identification of LM in a water buffalo fetus in Campania, Italy, indicating that ruminants could act as reservoirs for this pathogen.
- The research highlights the need for including LM in diagnostic tests for abortion cases in water buffaloes due to its zoonotic risk to humans.
Article Synopsis
- * This study presents the first molecular evidence of T. gondii in a Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in southern Italy, identifying it as a type II variant strain, with some genetic variations noted.
- * The presence of this pathogenic strain in a freshwater setting raises concerns about potential transmission risks to both wildlife and humans, highlighting implications for the conservation of the endangered Eurasian otter.
Article Synopsis
- Otitis externa is a common ear condition in dogs that alters the diversity of bacteria in their earwax (cerumen).
- The study involved analyzing earwax samples from healthy dogs and those with varying degrees of otitis externa to compare their microbiota.
- Results showed healthy dogs had a rich and varied bacterial population, while affected dogs had reduced bacterial diversity and an overgrowth of specific bacteria like Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas.
An outbreak of winter dysentery, complicated by severe respiratory syndrome, occurred in January 2020 in a high production dairy cow herd located in a hilly area of the Calabria region. Of the 52 animals belonging to the farm, 5 (9.6%) died with severe respiratory distress, death occurring 3-4 days after the appearance of the respiratory signs (caught and gasping breath).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxoplasma gondii is a widespread protozoan parasite (phylum Apicomplexa), which causes a zoonotic parasitic disease, known as toxoplasmosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and genotypes of T. gondii in wild boars of southern Italy and thus to assess the risk of infection for consumers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOtitis externa is one of the most common diseases in dogs. It is associated with bacteria and yeast, which are regarded as secondary causes. Cerumen is a biological substance playing an important role in the protection of ear skin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA diketopiperazine has been purified from a culture filtrate of the endophytic fungus , isolated from healthy tissues of strawberry plants in a survey of microbes as sources of anti-bacterial metabolites. Its structure has been determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analyses and was found to be identical to (L-Pro-L-Phe) purified from species of other fungal genera. This secondary metabolite has been selected following bioguided-assay fractionation against two strains of , the causal agent of bovine gastroenteritis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe protein MucR from Brucella abortus has been described as a transcriptional regulator of many virulence genes. It is a member of the Ros/MucR family comprising proteins that control the expression of genes important for the successful interaction of α-proteobacteria with their eukaryotic hosts. Despite clear evidence of the role of MucR in repressing virulence genes, no study has been carried out so far demonstrating the direct interaction of this protein with the promoter of its target gene encoding a LuxR-like regulator repressing genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxoplasmosis is a zoonotic food-borne disease caused by , a land-derived protozoan parasite that infects a broad range of terrestrial and aquatic hosts. may reach coastal waters via contaminated freshwater runoff and its oocysts may enter into the marine food web. Marine invertebrates as mussels being filter feeders are exposed and may concentrate oocysts representing a potential source of infection for animals and humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBabesiosis is an emerging tick-borne disease caused by apicomplexan parasites with widespread geographical distribution and various wildlife species as reservoir hosts. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence and assess the role of free-ranging canids and mustelids in the maintenance of spp. in southern Italy.
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- Brucellosis, caused by Brucella bacteria, is an infectious disease affecting animals, particularly ruminants like water buffaloes, and can lead to economic losses in animal production.
- The study aimed to identify specific microRNA (miRNA) profiles in the blood and vaginal fluids of water buffaloes infected with Brucella, using advanced sequencing and validation methods.
- Results indicated that 20 miRNAs were affected by the infection, showing promise as potential biomarkers for diagnosing Brucella infection and advancing our understanding of immune responses related to the disease.
Article Synopsis
- * The study presents a comprehensive genome assembly of 10 different strains of Brucellosis isolated from water buffaloes.
- * These strains were specifically collected from farms in the Campania region of Italy.
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the genus The disease is endemic in many areas, causing chronic infections responsible for reproductive disorders in infected animals. Here, we present eight complete genome assemblies of eight strains isolated from water buffaloes farmed in the Campania region.
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